BACKGROUND: Histiocytoses are rare disorders characterized by the accumulation of macrophages, dendritic cells, or monocyte-derived cells in various tissues and organs of children and adults, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, presentations, and histology. The histiocytoses are classified according to the WHO Classification, the last version of which was published in 2022, or according to the Histiocyte Society Classification, with the last version published in 2016. PURPOSE: This text provides an overview of histiocytoses as described in the WHO Classification 2022.

• Klíčová slova
• 5th version of WHO Classification of histiocytic and dendritic neoplasms, Histiocyte Society classification of histiocytic disorders,
• MeSH
• dendritické buňky patologie   MeSH
• hematologické nádory klasifikace   patologie   MeSH
• histiocytóza patologie   klasifikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Světová zdravotnická organizace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is characterized by constitutional symptoms, enlarged lymph nodes and laboratory test abnormalities, which are primarily related to the overproduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6). This form (iMCD) was treated earlier with cytostatics used for lymphoma, later with bio-logic therapy as rituximab, immunodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors, and in the last years with an anti-IL-6 antibody, siltuximab. Siltuximab is a human-mouse chimeric immunoglobulin G1k monoclonal antibody against human IL-6 approved in the European Union for the treatment of iMCD. In view of the limited treatment options for iMCD, this case report aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of siltuximab in the management of this condition. CASE: We describe a young woman with iMCD diagnosed at the age of 25 years. For first line treatment, rituximab and dexamethasone were used without any cytostatic because the patient wished to give birth to a healthy child in the future. However, the response after this first line therapy was short. In addition, after 3 years from the start of rituximab + dexamethasone therapy, it was necessary to administer treatment for the relapse of iMCD. We decided for siltuximab in this young woman, still aged < 30 years, and started administration of siltuximab in 3-week intervals. RESULTS: After administration of first two infusions of siltuximab, all inflammatory markers returned to normal value. Moreover, serum hemoglobin and albumin levels as well as C-reactive protein normalized after the first two administrations of siltuximab. The clinical response continue, siltuximab is still administered in 3-week intervals. PET/CT with fluorodeoxyglucose confirmed a very good anatomic and metabolic response to the treatment. Siltuximab demonstrated a favorable safety profile, and the prolonged treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSION: This result is encouraging and demonstrates the potential of siltuximab as treatment of CD. As earlier published, this case confirms that significantly elevated inflammatory markers in a patient with CD predict a good response to siltuximab.

• Klíčová slova
• idiopathic multicentric Castleman‘s disease, interindividual biological variation, interleukin-6, siltuximab,
• MeSH
• cytostatické látky * MeSH
• dexamethason MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hyperplazie velkých lymfatických uzlin * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• imunosupresiva MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• PET/CT MeSH
• rituximab terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytostatické látky * MeSH
• dexamethason MeSH
• imunosupresiva MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• rituximab MeSH
• siltuximab MeSH Prohlížeč

• MeSH
• fotochemoterapie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• světlo * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

According database of Globocan 2008 of total 482 thousand worldwide new esophagel cancers are reported 16.9% cases in more developed and 83.1% in less developed regions, 6.9% in EU, 2.7% in the Eastern Europe; of total 989 thousand new stomach cancers are reported 27.8% in more developed and 72.2% in less developed regions, 8.4% in EU, 7.4% in the Eastern Europe; of total 1.235 milion new colorectal cancers are reported 59% cases in more developed and 41% in less developed regions, 27% in EU, 10.5% in the Eastern Europe. Of total 59,052 all neoplasms (without skin cancers) were reported 10,439 new cases of these three diagnoses in recent Czech Cancer Registry survey, higher by 595 cases than numbers based in Globocan 2008. However, according to these data the Czech males reached the 3rd order and females the 14th order by their cumulative risk of colorectal cancer in the world. The alarming worldwide numbers of new 4.771 milion of these three diagnoses and 3,137 thousands deaths from them, expected in 2030 with a higher risk in population of less developed regions require greater international cooperation and personal responsibility for improving the life-style, which would be failed the expected statistics.

• MeSH
• celosvětové zdraví MeSH
• kolorektální nádory epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory jícnu epidemiologie   MeSH
• nádory žaludku epidemiologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory plic * diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Surgically solved lung involvement in patients after surgery of colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Altogether 15 patients, 9 men (median age in the time of lung diagnosis 67 years) and 6 women (median age 59 years) underwent classical open pulmonary surgery during 2003-2008 years from the follow-up cohort of 836 persons after operation due to colorectal cancer in the time period of 1996-2008 years. The indication for lung surgery: solitary pulmonary lesion. Procedures distribution: pulmonary lobectomy 7, bilobectomy 2, segmentectomy 4, wedge resection 2. The requirement of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) guidelines of complete pulmonary resection has been met by 10 operations (66.7%) with lobe specific lymphadenectomy. Histopathology investigation: Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded samples were investigated after hematoxylin-and-eosin staining, supplemented in case of need by immunohistochemistry of CK7, CK20 and TTF1. RESULTS: Eleven pulmonary metastases were found, in two cases with interlobar lymfatics involvement. Two metachronous primary adenocarcinomas of the lung (ADL) were diagnosed, one of them with metastases into hilar lymphatics. In remaining two patients pulmonary chondrohamartoma was discovered. CONCLUSION: Solitary pulmonary opacity in patient after colorectal surgery might not represent simple metastasis explicitly. Complete resection is needed.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom sekundární   chirurgie   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory plic sekundární   chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie * MeSH
• sekundární malignity chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIM: A survey evaluating incidence and risk factors of complications in persons underwent complete open lung resection because of primary or secondary lung malignancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 189 open surgery procedures in 128 males and 61 females, mean age males 61 years (range 21-78), females 64 years (range 33-80) during a five-years period (2003-2007). Data processing and analysis were performed with the statistical software system Statistica and compared by parametres odds ratio a chi2 test. RESULTS: Complications were divided into five groups. First group was defined as complications in perioperative period and was composed of three events 1.5%: endotracheal tube dysfunction (i.e. 0.5%), heavy cardiac arrhytmia 0.5% and serious haemorrhage, that occurred immediately after operation 0.5%. Second group includes complications within period of 7 days after surgery: prolonged air leak (PAL > 7 days) 7.4%, bronchopneumonia 6.9%, cardiac arrhythmia 6.9%, postoperative delirium 4.2%, atelectasis 2.6%, wound infection 1.1%, bleeding 1.1% and chylothorax 0.5%. Third group contains events between 8th and 30th postoperative days: thoracic empyema 2.1%, dysphonia 2.1%, painfull shoulder 1.1%, alimentary tract infection 0.5% and bronchial closure insufficiency 0.5%. Fourth group contains patients with severe complications, that led to death during 30 days after operation: ischemic stroke 0.5% and pulmonary embolism 0.5%. Patients without any complication formed the fifth group of 60.5%. CONCLUSION: Main risk factors for complications in postoperative period after lung resection due to primary or secondary lung malignancy in our group of patients are COPD, corticotherapy, time of operation over 3 hours, BMI over 25, left side tumor localization and bronchoplastic procedure. For cardiac arrhytmia seems to be risk factor pneumonectomy and previous neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory plic chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: An analysis of outcome data of pulmonary segmentectomy focused on local efficacy in primary non small cell lung cancer and true or seeming lung metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Miscellaneous series of twenty patients treated with classical open procedure involving individuals with primary or metachronous non small cell lung cancer, solitary pulmonary metastasis of extrapulmonary cancer and/or benign pulmonary lesions, lung metastasis mimicing. Thirteen patients after segmentectomy because of malignancy are separated into a group of 7 cases with NSCLC up to 20 mm in diameter, and a group of 6 persons with solitary pulmonary opacity up to 38 mm treated previously surgically for extrapulmonary cancer. Both without enlargement of hilar and/or mediastinal lymphatics proven on preoperative CT imaging. Third part of the group collects benign pulmonary lesions: chondrohamartoma, pneumonitis and pulmonary infarct. Persons involved through a ten years period are followed up at 3 (4)-months intervals. RESULTS: No perioperative and thirty day mortality was registered. Six cases of distant recurrence were recorded, three in NSCLC and three in extrapulmonary cancer patients. Five patients died within the follow-up period, three of them through the general progression of the oncological disease. Two deaths were non-cancer related. One R1 disease was discovered in a patient with primary lung adenocarcinoma. No local recurrence was recorded in both cancer series with median age of 63 yrs (range 45-79 yrs) and median duration of follow up 35 months. CONCLUSION: Lung segmentectomy seems to accomplish local control of early stage non small cell lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis of extrapulmonary cancer in selected patients.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory plic patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemalobuněčný karcinom plic sekundární   chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie metody   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mediastinoskopie MeSH
• nádory plic chirurgie   MeSH
• pneumektomie MeSH
• torakoskopie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The increase in the detection rate for premalignant changes of bronchial epithelium was studied in 56 symptom-free volunteers from the risk group of Czech uranium miners (mean age 50.69 years, mean WLM 21.06 (1 Working Level Month is equal to the absorption of latent energy of 2.08 x 10(-5) J/m(3) in one month, i.e. 170 working hours)) by the additional employment of the System of Autofluorescence Endoscopy (SAFE-1000 Pentax) to conventional white-light bronchoscopy, comparing results with those of bronchial biopsy histopathology examination. Histopathology using hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed intraepithelial neoplasias in 15 areas in 10 persons. White-light bronchoscopy sensitivity was 21.05%, and specificity 93.7% which an autofluorescence bronchoscopy sensitivity was 78.95% and specificity 81.89%.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH