Draslík (kálium) je hlavným intracelulárnym katiónom v organizme. Jeho distribúciu medzi intracelulárnym a extracelulárnym prostredím modulujú viaceré faktory, ako acidobáza, inzulín, glukagón, katecholamíny, aldosterón, osmolalita, fyzická aktivita. Bilancia je zabezpečovaná prevažne renálnou exkréciou a sčasti aj exkréciou gastrointestinálnym traktom. V článku sa rozoberajú najčastejšie príčiny hypo - a hyperkaliémie, ich diagnostika, diferenciálna diagnostika a liečba.

Potassium is the main intracellular cation in the human body. Its distribution between intracellular and extracellular envirobnment is modulated by various factors such as acid-base balance, insulin, glucagon, catecholamines, aldosterone, serum osmolality and, physical activity. Potassium homeostatsis is regulated by renal excretion, less important is gastrointestinal secretion. The most frequent causes of hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia, including their diagnosis and treatment are discussed in the article.

Disorders of water and electrolyte balance part 2. potassium – (hypo - and hyperkalaemia)