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Gairo virus, a novel arenavirus of the widespread Mastomys natalensis: Genetically divergent, but ecologically similar to Lassa and Morogoro viruses

S. Gryseels, T. Rieger, L. Oestereich, B. Cuypers, B. Borremans, R. Makundi, H. Leirs, S. Günther, J. Goüy de Bellocq,

. 2015 ; 476 (-) : 249-56.

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc15022881

Despite its near pan-African range, the Natal multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis, carries the human pathogen Lassa virus only in West Africa, while the seemingly non-pathogenic arenaviruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Luna have been detected in this semi-commensal rodent in Mozambique/Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Zambia, respectively. Here, we describe a novel arenavirus in M. natalensis from Gairo district of central Tanzania, for which we propose the name "Gairo virus". Surprisingly, the virus is not closely related with Morogoro virus that infects M. natalensis only 90km south of Gairo, but clusters phylogenetically with Mobala-like viruses that infect non-M. natalensis host species in Central African Republic and Ethiopia. Despite the evolutionary distance, Gairo virus shares basic ecological features with the other M. natalensis-borne viruses Lassa and Morogoro. Our data show that M. natalensis, carrying distantly related viruses even in the same geographical area, is a potent reservoir host for a variety of arenaviruses.

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$a Gryseels, Sophie $u Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: sophie.gryseels@uantwerpen.be.
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$a Despite its near pan-African range, the Natal multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis, carries the human pathogen Lassa virus only in West Africa, while the seemingly non-pathogenic arenaviruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Luna have been detected in this semi-commensal rodent in Mozambique/Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Zambia, respectively. Here, we describe a novel arenavirus in M. natalensis from Gairo district of central Tanzania, for which we propose the name "Gairo virus". Surprisingly, the virus is not closely related with Morogoro virus that infects M. natalensis only 90km south of Gairo, but clusters phylogenetically with Mobala-like viruses that infect non-M. natalensis host species in Central African Republic and Ethiopia. Despite the evolutionary distance, Gairo virus shares basic ecological features with the other M. natalensis-borne viruses Lassa and Morogoro. Our data show that M. natalensis, carrying distantly related viruses even in the same geographical area, is a potent reservoir host for a variety of arenaviruses.
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$a Rieger, Toni $u Department of Virology, Bernard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
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$a Oestereich, Lisa $u Department of Virology, Bernard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
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$a Cuypers, Bart $u Unit of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Biomedical Informatics Research Center Antwerpen (Biomina), University of Antwerp/Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
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$a Borremans, Benny $u Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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$a Makundi, Rhodes $u Pest Management Centre, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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$a Leirs, Herwig $u Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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$a Günther, Stephan $u Department of Virology, Bernard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
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$a Goüy de Bellocq, Joëlle $u Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Studenec, Czech Republic.
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