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The Butterflies of Barro Colorado Island, Panama: Local Extinction since the 1930s
Y. Basset, H. Barrios, S. Segar, RB. Srygley, A. Aiello, AD. Warren, F. Delgado, J. Coronado, J. Lezcano, S. Arizala, M. Rivera, F. Perez, R. Bobadilla, Y. Lopez, JA. Ramirez,
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Free Medical Journals od 2006
Public Library of Science (PLoS) od 2006
PubMed Central od 2006
Europe PubMed Central od 2006
ProQuest Central od 2006-12-01
Open Access Digital Library od 2006-01-01
Open Access Digital Library od 2006-01-01
Open Access Digital Library od 2006-10-01
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost) od 2008-01-01
Nursing & Allied Health Database (ProQuest) od 2006-12-01
Health & Medicine (ProQuest) od 2006-12-01
Public Health Database (ProQuest) od 2006-12-01
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources od 2006
Odkazy
PubMed
26305111
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0136623
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- extinkce biologická * MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- motýli genetika fyziologie MeSH
- ostrovy MeSH
- taxonomické DNA čárové kódování * MeSH
- tropické klima MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- ostrovy MeSH
- Panama MeSH
Few data are available about the regional or local extinction of tropical butterfly species. When confirmed, local extinction was often due to the loss of host-plant species. We used published lists and recent monitoring programs to evaluate changes in butterfly composition on Barro Colorado Island (BCI, Panama) between an old (1923-1943) and a recent (1993-2013) period. Although 601 butterfly species have been recorded from BCI during the 1923-2013 period, we estimate that 390 species are currently breeding on the island, including 34 cryptic species, currently only known by their DNA Barcode Index Number. Twenty-three butterfly species that were considered abundant during the old period could not be collected during the recent period, despite a much higher sampling effort in recent times. We consider these species locally extinct from BCI and they conservatively represent 6% of the estimated local pool of resident species. Extinct species represent distant phylogenetic branches and several families. The butterfly traits most likely to influence the probability of extinction were host growth form, wing size and host specificity, independently of the phylogenetic relationships among butterfly species. On BCI, most likely candidates for extinction were small hesperiids feeding on herbs (35% of extinct species). However, contrary to our working hypothesis, extinction of these species on BCI cannot be attributed to loss of host plants. In most cases these host plants remain extant, but they probably subsist at lower or more fragmented densities. Coupled with low dispersal power, this reduced availability of host plants has probably caused the local extinction of some butterfly species. Many more bird than butterfly species have been lost from BCI recently, confirming that small preserves may be far more effective at conserving invertebrates than vertebrates and, therefore, should not necessarily be neglected from a conservation viewpoint.
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado 0843 03092 Panama City Republic of Panama
Universidad de Panamá Centro Regional Universitario de Veraguas Santiago Republic of Panama
Universidad de Panamá Maestria de Entomologia 080814 Panama City Republic of Panama
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