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Unleaded gasoline as a significant source of Pb emissions in the Subarctic

V. Chrastný, H. Šillerová, M. Vítková, A. Francová, J. Jehlička, J. Kocourková, PE. Aspholm, LO. Nilsson, TF. Berglen, HKB. Jensen, M. Komárek,

. 2018 ; 193 (-) : 230-236. [pub] 20171108

Language English Country Great Britain

Document type Journal Article

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc18010273

After the phasing out of leaded gasoline, Pb emissions to the atmosphere dramatically decreased, and other sources became more significant. The contribution of unleaded gasoline has not been sufficiently recognized; therefore, we evaluated the impact of Pb from unleaded gasoline in a relatively pristine area in Subarctic NE Norway. The influence of different endmembers (Ni slag and concentrate from the Nikel smelter in Russia, PM10filters, and traffic) on the overall Pb emissions was determined using various environmental samples (snow, lichens, and topsoils) and Pb isotope tracing. We found a strong relationship between Pb in snow and the Ni smelter. However, lichen samples and most of the topsoils were contaminated by Pb originating from the current use of unleaded gasoline originating from Russia. Historical leaded and recent unleaded gasoline are fully distinguishable using Pb isotopes, as unleaded gasoline is characterized by a low radiogenic composition (206Pb/207Pb = 1.098 and208Pb/206Pb = 2.060) and remains an unneglectable source of Pb in the region.

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$a Chrastný, Vladislav $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic. Electronic address: chrastny@fzp.czu.cz.
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$a After the phasing out of leaded gasoline, Pb emissions to the atmosphere dramatically decreased, and other sources became more significant. The contribution of unleaded gasoline has not been sufficiently recognized; therefore, we evaluated the impact of Pb from unleaded gasoline in a relatively pristine area in Subarctic NE Norway. The influence of different endmembers (Ni slag and concentrate from the Nikel smelter in Russia, PM10filters, and traffic) on the overall Pb emissions was determined using various environmental samples (snow, lichens, and topsoils) and Pb isotope tracing. We found a strong relationship between Pb in snow and the Ni smelter. However, lichen samples and most of the topsoils were contaminated by Pb originating from the current use of unleaded gasoline originating from Russia. Historical leaded and recent unleaded gasoline are fully distinguishable using Pb isotopes, as unleaded gasoline is characterized by a low radiogenic composition (206Pb/207Pb = 1.098 and208Pb/206Pb = 2.060) and remains an unneglectable source of Pb in the region.
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$a Šillerová, Hana $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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$a Vítková, Martina $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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$a Francová, Anna $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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$a Jehlička, Jan $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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$a Kocourková, Jana $u Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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$a Aspholm, Paul E $u NIBIO, Norsk Institutt for Bioøkonomi/Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway.
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$a Nilsson, Lars O $u NIBIO, Norsk Institutt for Bioøkonomi/Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway.
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$a Berglen, Tore F $u Urban Environment and Industry Department, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway.
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$a Jensen, Henning K B $u Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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$a Komárek, Michael $u Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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