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Smoking among Slovak schoolchildren. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the unplugged programme
Orosová, O., Gajdošová, B., Bačíková-Šléšková, M., Benka, J., Bavoľár, J.
Status minimal Language English Country Czech Republic
BACKGROUND: Health promotion in schools is a highly relevant means for reducing the high prevalence of smoking. AIMS: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of smoking in the past 30 days among schoolchildren during the implementation of the Unplugged drug prevention programme. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: It was carried out as a cluster randomized controlled trial with five measurement points. The data was collected before the implementation of the programme (T1), immediately after its implementation (T2), and then three months (T3), 12 months (T4), and 18 months (T5) after its implementation. The effect of Unplugged was explored after adjusting for gender, baseline smoking, perceived parental knowledge, descriptive normative beliefs, and the perceived availability of cigarettes. SAMPLE: The sample included 1283 schoolchildren (M = 11.52; 46.8% boys) from 63 different schools. RESULTS: The results obtained suggest that the 30-day prevalence of smoking rose from 1.7% vs. 3.0% to 9.7% vs. 8.2% in the experimental vs. the control group over the 22 months. The effect of time on the prevalence of smoking was found to be significant and gender differences were seen to disappear during the period that was explored. Furthermore, a direct effect of Unplugged was found at T4 and the effect of the programme was found to be moderated by gender at T2 and at T4, showing a stronger effect for the girls. Partial indirect effects of Unplugged on smoking through changes in descriptive normative beliefs were found at T4 among the girls. Finally, the findings showed that better parental knowledge about the girls’ whereabouts was also important in preventing smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The findings obtained generally emphasize the necessity of a gender-specific approach when implementing prevention programmes, with particular attention being paid to the school class-based social system, as well as parental engagement in prevention efforts.
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Literatura
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- $a Orosová, Oľga $7 xx0119679 $u Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Košice, Slovak Republic
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- $a Smoking among Slovak schoolchildren. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the unplugged programme / $c Orosová, O., Gajdošová, B., Bačíková-Šléšková, M., Benka, J., Bavoľár, J.
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- $a Literatura
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- $a BACKGROUND: Health promotion in schools is a highly relevant means for reducing the high prevalence of smoking. AIMS: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of smoking in the past 30 days among schoolchildren during the implementation of the Unplugged drug prevention programme. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: It was carried out as a cluster randomized controlled trial with five measurement points. The data was collected before the implementation of the programme (T1), immediately after its implementation (T2), and then three months (T3), 12 months (T4), and 18 months (T5) after its implementation. The effect of Unplugged was explored after adjusting for gender, baseline smoking, perceived parental knowledge, descriptive normative beliefs, and the perceived availability of cigarettes. SAMPLE: The sample included 1283 schoolchildren (M = 11.52; 46.8% boys) from 63 different schools. RESULTS: The results obtained suggest that the 30-day prevalence of smoking rose from 1.7% vs. 3.0% to 9.7% vs. 8.2% in the experimental vs. the control group over the 22 months. The effect of time on the prevalence of smoking was found to be significant and gender differences were seen to disappear during the period that was explored. Furthermore, a direct effect of Unplugged was found at T4 and the effect of the programme was found to be moderated by gender at T2 and at T4, showing a stronger effect for the girls. Partial indirect effects of Unplugged on smoking through changes in descriptive normative beliefs were found at T4 among the girls. Finally, the findings showed that better parental knowledge about the girls’ whereabouts was also important in preventing smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The findings obtained generally emphasize the necessity of a gender-specific approach when implementing prevention programmes, with particular attention being paid to the school class-based social system, as well as parental engagement in prevention efforts.
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- $a Bavoľár, Jozef $7 xx0245931 $u Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, Košice, Slovak Republic
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