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Interspecies variation in hominid gut microbiota controls host gene regulation

AL. Muehlbauer, AL. Richards, A. Alazizi, MB. Burns, A. Gomez, JB. Clayton, K. Petrzelkova, C. Cascardo, J. Resztak, X. Wen, R. Pique-Regi, F. Luca, R. Blekhman

. 2021 ; 37 (8) : 110057. [pub] 20211123

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc22011904

Grant support
R01 GM109215 NIGMS NIH HHS - United States
R35 GM128716 NIGMS NIH HHS - United States

The gut microbiome exhibits extreme compositional variation between hominid hosts. However, it is unclear how this variation impacts host physiology across species and whether this effect can be mediated through microbial regulation of host gene expression in interacting epithelial cells. Here, we characterize the transcriptional response of human colonic epithelial cells in vitro to live microbial communities extracted from humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. We find that most host genes exhibit a conserved response, whereby they respond similarly to the four hominid microbiomes. However, hundreds of host genes exhibit a divergent response, whereby they respond only to microbiomes from specific host species. Such genes are associated with intestinal diseases in humans, including inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease. Last, we find that inflammation-associated microbial species regulate the expression of host genes previously associated with inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting health-related consequences for species-specific host-microbiome interactions across hominids.

References provided by Crossref.org

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$a Muehlbauer, Amanda L $u Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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$a The gut microbiome exhibits extreme compositional variation between hominid hosts. However, it is unclear how this variation impacts host physiology across species and whether this effect can be mediated through microbial regulation of host gene expression in interacting epithelial cells. Here, we characterize the transcriptional response of human colonic epithelial cells in vitro to live microbial communities extracted from humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. We find that most host genes exhibit a conserved response, whereby they respond similarly to the four hominid microbiomes. However, hundreds of host genes exhibit a divergent response, whereby they respond only to microbiomes from specific host species. Such genes are associated with intestinal diseases in humans, including inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease. Last, we find that inflammation-associated microbial species regulate the expression of host genes previously associated with inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting health-related consequences for species-specific host-microbiome interactions across hominids.
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$a Richards, Allison L $u Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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$a Petrzelkova, Klara $u The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic; Liberec Zoo, Liberec, Czech Republic; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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$a Cascardo, Camilla $u Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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$a Blekhman, Ran $u Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Electronic address: blekhman@umn.edu
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