In this review, we summarize the current data on development of monoxenous trypanosomatids and phytomonads in various insects. Of these, Diptera and Hemiptera are the main host groups, and, consequently, most available information concerns their parasites. Within the insect body, the midgut and hindgut are the predominant colonization sites; in addition, some trypanosomatids can invade the foregut, Malpighian tubules, hemolymph, and/or salivary glands. Differences in the intestinal structure and biology of the host determine the variety of parasites' developmental and transmission strategies. Meanwhile, similar mechanisms are used by unrelated trypanosomatids, reflecting the limited range of options to achieve the same goal.

Life Science Research Centre Faculty of Science University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic; Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases Sechenov University Moscow Russia

Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences St Petersburg Russia

Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences St Petersburg Russia; Life Science Research Centre Faculty of Science University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic

References provided by Crossref.org

A novel strain of Leishmania braziliensis harbors not a toti- but a bunyavirus

Discovery of essential kinetoplastid-insect adhesion proteins and their function in Leishmania-sand fly interactions

Identification of diverse RNA viruses in Obscuromonas flagellates (Euglenozoa: Trypanosomatidae: Blastocrithidiinae)

Multiple and frequent trypanosomatid co-infections of insects: the Cuban case study

Distribution and Functional Analysis of Isocitrate Dehydrogenases across Kinetoplastids

Parasites of firebugs in Austria with focus on the "micro"-diversity of the cosmopolitan trypanosomatid Leptomonas pyrrhocoris

Diversity of RNA viruses in the cosmopolitan monoxenous trypanosomatid Leptomonas pyrrhocoris

The Roles of Mosquitoes in the Circulation of Monoxenous Trypanosomatids in Temperate Climates

Development of two species of the Trypanosoma theileri complex in tabanids

Comparative Analysis of Three Trypanosomatid Catalases of Different Origin

Genomics of Trypanosomatidae: Where We Stand and What Needs to Be Done?

Endosymbiont Capture, a Repeated Process of Endosymbiont Transfer with Replacement in Trypanosomatids Angomonas spp