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Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

. 2023 Nov 17 ; 131 (20) : 202301.

Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Language English Country United States Media print

Document type Journal Article

The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence. The azimuthal angle dependence of the polarization follows the vorticity pattern expected due to elliptic and triangular anisotropic flow, and qualitatively disagrees with most hydrodynamic model calculations based on thermal vorticity and shear induced contributions. The model results based on one of existing implementations of the shear contribution lead to a correct azimuthal angle dependence, but predict centrality and p_{T} dependence that still disagree with experimental measurements. Thus, our results provide stringent constraints on the thermal vorticity and shear-induced contributions to hyperon polarization. Comparison to previous measurements at RHIC and the LHC for the second-order harmonic results shows little dependence on the collision system size and collision energy.

Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699

Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC Kurchatov Institute Moscow 117218

American University in Cairo New Cairo 11835 Egypt

Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439

Ball State University Muncie Indiana 47306

Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973

Central China Normal University Wuhan Hubei 430079

Creighton University Omaha Nebraska 68178

Czech Technical University Prague FNSPE Prague 115 19 Czech Republic

ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary H 1117

Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS Frankfurt 60438 Germany

Fudan University Shanghai 200433

Huzhou University Huzhou Zhejiang 313000

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur 760010 India

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati Tirupati 517507 India

Indian Institute Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India

Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47408

Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000

Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Arica 1000000 Chile

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna 141 980

Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720

Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania 18015

Max Planck Institut für Physik Munich 80805 Germany

Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824

National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101

National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNI Jatni 752050 India

National Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur 713209 India

National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409

NRC Kurchatov Institute Institute of High Energy Physics Protvino 142281

Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India

Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907

Rice University Houston Texas 77251

Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey 08854

Sejong University Seoul 05006 South Korea

Shandong University Qingdao Shandong 266237

Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800

South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong 510631

Southern Connecticut State University New Haven Connecticut 06515

State University of New York Stony Brook New York 11794

Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19122

Texas A and M University College Station Texas 77843

The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210

Tsinghua University Beijing 100084

University of Calabria and INFN Cosenza Rende 87036 Italy

University of California Berkeley California 94720

University of California Davis California 95616

University of California Los Angeles California 90095

University of California Riverside California 92521

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408

University of Heidelberg Heidelberg 69120 Germany

University of Houston Houston Texas 77204

University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois 60607

University of Jammu Jammu 180001 India

University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40506 0055

University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026

University of Texas Austin Texas 78712

University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305 8571 Japan

Valparaiso University Valparaiso Indiana 46383

Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Kolkata 700064 India

Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48201

Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520

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