BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent, intermittent partial or complete obstruction of the upper respiratory tract during sleep, which negatively affects the patient's daily quality of life (QoL). Middle-aged and older men who smoke and have obesity are most at risk. Even though the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during sleep remains the gold standard treatment, various rehabilitation methods, such as exercise, respiratory therapy, myofunctional therapy, and nutritional lifestyle interventions, also appear to be effective. Moreover, it is increasingly recommended to use alternative or additional therapy options in combination with CPAP therapy. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate if a comprehensive home-based, remotely supervised rehabilitation program (tele-RHB), in combination with standard therapy, can improve OSA severity by decreasing the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI); improve objective parameters of polysomnographic, spirometric, anthropometric, and body composition examinations; improve lipid profile, maximal mouth pressure, and functional capacity tests; and enhance the subjective perception of QoL, as well as daytime sleepiness in male participants with moderate to severe OSA. Our hypothesis is that a combination of the tele-RHB program and CPAP therapy will be more effective by improving OSA severity and the abovementioned parameters. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial aims to recruit 50 male participants between the ages of 30 and 60 years with newly diagnosed moderate to severe OSA. Participants will be randomized 1:1, either to a 12-week tele-RHB program along with CPAP therapy or to CPAP therapy alone. After the completion of the intervention, the participants will be invited to complete a 1-year follow-up. The primary outcomes will be the polysomnographic value of AHI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) score, percentage of body fat, 6-minute walk test distance covered, as well as maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressure values. Secondary outcomes will include polysomnographic values of oxygen desaturation index, supine AHI, total sleep time, average heart rate, mean oxygen saturation, and the percentage of time with oxygen saturation below 90%; anthropometric measurements of neck, waist, and hip circumference; BMI values; forced vital capacity; forced expiratory volume in 1 second; World Health Organization's tool to measure QoL (WHOQOL-BREF) score; and lipid profile values. RESULTS: Study recruitment began on October 25, 2021, and the estimated study completion date is December 2024. Analyses will be performed to examine whether the combination of the tele-RHB program and CPAP therapy will be more effective in the reduction of OSA severity and improvement of QoL, body composition and circumferences, exercise tolerance, lipid profile, as well as respiratory muscle and lung function, compared to CPAP therapy alone. CONCLUSIONS: The study will evaluate the effect of a comprehensive tele-RHB program on selected parameters mentioned above in male participants. The results of this intervention could help the further development of novel additional therapeutic home-based options for OSA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04759456; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04759456. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/47460.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation may be an effective additional treatment method in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Physical exercise, weight reduction, pulmonary rehabilitation, and myofunctional therapy (MT) represent beneficial components of rehabilitation recommended as a possible adjunct to standard OSA treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 54-year-old man with morbid obesity, long-lasting snoring, breathing pauses, frequent waking, as well as persistent drowsiness and fatigue during the day underwent polysomnography (PSG) to investigate suspected OSA. Severe OSA was confirmed by PSG and a 12-week comprehensive, home-based telerehabilitation program (tele-RHB program) along with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy was implemented. The tele-RHB program included regular teleconsultations, aerobic-endurance training, MT, inspiratory and expiratory muscle training, as well as recommendations on proper nutrition, a healthy lifestyle, and behavioral changes. Following the treatment, the patient's quality of life (QoL), exercise capacity, lung function, and OSA severity significantly improved. The patient achieved an overall 19.9 kg reduction in weight, of which 16.2 kg was body fat, and his apnea-hypopnea index decreased by 42.6 episodes/hour. CONCLUSION: Our case report suggests that the comprehensive home-based tele-RHB program adjunct to CPAP therapy may be a novel approach for improving OSA severity, a patient's QoL, exercise capacity, lung function and body composition. It is important to note that such a program should be optional, however it may be needed to achieve the highest possible overall improvement in a patient's life. Further clinical investigations are needed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and clinical potential of this tele-RHB program.
- MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morbidní obezita * komplikace MeSH
- obstrukční spánková apnoe * komplikace terapie MeSH
- telerehabilitace * MeSH
- trvalý přetlak v dýchacích cestách MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Cíle: Cílem naší studie bylo zhodnotit vliv absolvované tøímìsíèní kardiovaskulární reha- bilitace (ambulantní øízený trénink, individuální domácí trénink) v II. fázi na toleranci zátìže u pacientek po prodìlaném infarktu myokardu. Vyšetøované osoby: Do retrospektivní studie bylo zaøazeno celkem 48 pacientek (vìk 61,15 ± 7,22 let), z nichž 24 pacientek tréninkového souboru absolvovalo ambulantní øízený trénink (vìk 61,54 ± 7,06 let) a 24 pacientek domácího souboru, které mìly individuální domácí trénink (vìk 60,75 ± 7,65 let). Metodika: Všech 48 pacientek absolvovalo vstupní a následnì po tøímìsíèním tréninku kardiovaskulární rehabilitace výstupní spiroergometrické zátìžové vyšetøení kontinuálním rampovým protokolem do subjektivního symptomy limitovaného maxima spolu s dosažením anaerobního prahu a respiratory exchange ratio nad 1,10. Byly hodnoceny parametry tolerance zátìže výkon (W), výkon vztažený na tìlesnou hmotnost (W/kg) a vrcholová aerobní kapacita (VO2peak). Výsledky: Tøímìsíèní ambulantní øízený trénink vedl u tréninkového souboru ke zlepšení tolerance zátìže, došlo k signifikantnímu zlepšení všech sledovaných parametrù, výkonu o 27,18 % z 91,38 W na 116,22 W, výkonu vztaženého na tìlesnou hmotnost o 28,57 % z 1,19 W/kg na 1,53 W/kg a vrcholové aerobní kapacity o 28,09 % z 15,52 ml/kg/min na 19,88 ml/kg/min. Naopak absolvování tøímìsíèního domácího tréninku nevedlo u domácího souboru ke zlepšení tolerance zátìže pacientek po infarktu myokardu, došlo dokonce k nesigni- fikantnímu zhoršení výkonu o 0,99 % z 98,83 W na 97,85 W, výkonu vztaženého na tìlesnou hmotnost o 0,76 % z 1,32 W/kg na 1,31 W/kg a vrcholové aerobní kapacity o 3,46 % z 17,65 ml/kg/min na 17,04 ml/kg/min. Porovnáním dosažených hodnot mezi obìma soubory byl zjištìn signifikantní rozdíl mezi výstupními hodnotami vybraných parametrù tolerance zá- tìže. Pacientky tréninkového souboru dosáhly oproti pacientkám domácího souboru signifi- kantnì vyšších výstupních hodnot výkonu o 18,77 %, výkonu vztaženého na tìlesnou hmotnost o 16,79 % a vrcholové aerobní kapacity o 16,67 %. Závìr: Z výsledkù naší studie lze usuzovat, že pro zlepšení tolerance zátìže u pacientek po infarktu myokardu je pro II. fázi kardiovaskulární rehabilitace vhodnìjší indikovat ambulantní øízený trénink v porovnání s edukací se samostatným domácím vykonáváním pohybového tré- ninku, které k ovlivnìní tolerance zátìže nevedou.
Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of completed 3-month cardiovascular rehabilitation (outpatient controlled training, individual home-based training) in the 2nd phase on exercise tolerance in women after myocardial infarction. Persons examined: A total of 48 female patients (aged 61.15 ± 7.22 years) were included in the retrospective study, of which 24 female patients of training group underwent outpatient controlled training (aged 61.54 ± 7.06 years) and 24 female patients of home-based group who had individual home-based training (aged 60.75 ± 7.65 years). Methods: All 48 female patients underwent baseline and final spiroergometry exercise test- ing after 3-month training of cardiovascular rehabilitation with a continuous ramp protocol to a subjective symptoms limited maximum, along with anaerobic threshold and respiratory exchange ration above 1.10. Performance (W), body weight related performance (W/kg) and peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak) were evaluated. Results: The 3-month outpatient controlled training resulted in improved exercise tolerance and a significant improvement in all monitored parameters of training group - performance by 27.18%from91.38Wto 116.22W, bodyweight related performance by 28.57%from1.19W/kg to 1.53 W/kg and peak aerobic capacity by 28.09 % from 15.52 ml/kg/min to 19.88 ml/kg/min. Conversely, completing a 3-month home-based training did not lead to an improvement in exercise tolerance in female patients of home-based group after myocardial infarction, there was even an insignificant degradation of performance by 0.99 % from 98.83 W to 97.85 W, body weight related performance by 0.76%from 1.32 W/kg to 1.31 W/kg and peak aerobic ca- pacity by 3.46%from 17.65 ml/kg/min to 17.04 ml/kg/min. By comparing the achieved values between both groups, a significant difference was found between the final values of the selected parameters of exercise tolerance. Female patients of the training group achieved significantly higher final values of performance by 18.77 %, body weight related performance by 16.79 % and peak aerobic capacity by 16.67 % compared to female patients of the home-based group. Conclusion: From the results of our study it can be concluded, that for the improvement of the exercise tolerance in female patients after myocardial infarction it is more appropriate to indicate outpatient controlled training for the 2nd phase of cardiovascular rehabilitation compared to an education with independent home-based exercise training, which does not lead to influence the exercise tolerance.
- MeSH
- ergometrie MeSH
- infarkt myokardu rehabilitace MeSH
- kardiovaskulární rehabilitace * metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spirometrie MeSH
- tělesná námaha * MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
