Štúdia, ktorá sa zameriava na vývojovú psychológiu, konkrétne na formovanie vzťahovej väzby v priebehu života človeka. Určené odbornej verejnosti.

• MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• připoutání k objektu MeSH
• rodinné vztahy MeSH
• vývojová psychologie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Vývojová psychologie. Individuální psychologie
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• studie

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the occurrence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) in the adult Slovak population and to examine the relationships between mental and physical health, ACE, attachment anxiety and avoidance, and loneliness. SAMPLE AND SETTINGS: A cross-sectional study with a representative Slovak sample (n = 1018, mean age 46.24 years, 48.7 % men) collected in April 2019 data on ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire; ACE-IQ), attachment (Experiences in Close Relationships Revised; ECR-R-14), mental and physical health (SF-8 Health Survey; questions on long-term health difficulties) and loneliness single-item question. Nested linear regression models were employed to analyzed the associations. RESULTS: Over 75 % of respondents reported at least one ACE, and nearly a third reported four or more. Community violence (43.6 %), violent treating of a household member (38.1 %), emotional abuse (34.4 %) and emotional neglect (30.9 %) were the most common ACE. The average number of ACE was 2.7 (± 2.6). Multiple ACE were associated with attachment insecurity and loneliness. ACE were found to be significantly associated with both physical and mental health. Attachment anxiety and avoidance were linked to mental health, but only attachment anxiety remained significant when loneliness was included. Loneliness was associated with mental and physical health difficulties. CONCLUSION: ACE and loneliness are associated with physical health difficulties. ACE, attachment anxiety and loneliness are linked to mental health difficulties. Preventing child maltreatment and addressing loneliness are key to mitigating the long-term health effects of ACE.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The Short Form-8 (SF-8) is a widely used 8-item tool for health-related quality of life assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the SF-8 in a population sample. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on a Slovak representative sample (n = 1018; mean age 46.24 ± 16.56 years; 51.3% women) monitoring health and well-being was performed in 2019. Exploratory network analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the construct validity of the scale. Reliability and sociodemographic differences were evaluated. RESULTS: A 2-factor model had an adequate fit to the data [χ2(19) = 186.2, P < .001, comparative fit index = 0.998, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.997, root mean square error of approximation = 0.093, standardized root mean of residuals = 0.039], with high reliability (α = 0.93, ω = 0.95). The physical component score and mental component score (MCS) were negatively associated with the presence of chronic health conditions. Lower physical component score and MCS were associated with higher age (P < .001), and lower MCS were associated with female gender (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The Slovak version of the SF-8 represents a valuable tool for measuring health-related quality of life in the Slovak population in both practice and research.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalita života * psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychometrie * metody   přístrojové vybavení   normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Publikácia je prehľadom hlavných poznatkov z psychiatrie a lekárskej psychológie. Určené odbornej verejnosti aj študujúcim.

• MeSH
• duševní poruchy MeSH
• lékařská psychologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Psychiatrie
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• psychiatrie
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol

OBJECTIVE: To understand both, women ́s perception of emotional difficulties in perinatal period and their related coping strategies. Further, we mapped and analysed help-seeking patterns utilized by these women to overcome their emotional difficulties. This study serve as an important piece of information for women-centred innovations in perinatal mental health care in Czechia, and more broadly in the region of Central and Eastern Europe. DESIGN: A qualitative study with an exploratory and descriptive approach using thematic analysis. SETTING: Online survey consisting of open-ended questions mapping women ́s perception of emotional difficulties in perinatal period and their related coping strategies and help-seeking patterns. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred women self-reporting emotional difficulties in perinatal period, from whom 108 (54 %) stated that they had sought professional help with their emotional difficulties. FINDINGS: Two themes were identified in the analysis of women ́s perception of emotional difficulties including Experience of symptoms of mental disorders, and Mother-child relationship. Three themes were identified in the analysis of women ́s coping with these difficulties (Personal resources, External resources, and No coping strategy used). Four themes were identified in the analysis of help seeking patterns utilized by study participants (Mental health specialists, Physicians of the first line of contact, Midwifes, and Peer consultants). KEY CONCLUSIONS: Emotional difficulties of perinatal women stemmed in both, general symptoms of mental disorders and specific concerns connected to mother-child relationship. Therefore, the perinatal mental health services should cover both topics, preferably by a multidisciplinary team. Women search information about perinatal mental health, so thus, easy to reach valid resources are needed. Finally, Czech perinatal women experiencing emotional difficulties utilize various help-seeking patterns. Some of them naturalistically utilize integrated stepped care even when it is not systematically established.

• MeSH
• adaptace psychologická MeSH
• duševní poruchy * psychologie   MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• služby péče o duševní zdraví * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Exposure to traumatic events in childhood, including bullying, can negatively affect physical and mental health in adulthood. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of bullying in different sociodemographic groups of the Slovak Republic and to assess the moderating effect of bullying on the associations between childhood trauma, resilience, and the later occurrence of psychopathology. METHODS: For the analyses, a representative sample of the population of the Slovak Republic was used (N = 1018, mean age 46.24 years, 48.7% of men). Multivariate linear regression models were used to investigate the predictive ability of childhood trauma (The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) and resilience (The Brief Resilience Scale, BRS) to explain psychopathology (The Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI-53). Bullying (The Adverse Childhood Experiences - International Questionnaire, ACE-IQ) was used as a moderator. RESULTS: In total, 13.5% of respondents have experienced bullying. The most common form of bullying was making fun of someone because of how their body or face looked (46.7%) and excluding someone from activities or ignoring them (36.5%). Higher scores in all types of psychopathology and the Global Severity Index (GSI) were significantly associated with higher scores of emotional and sexual abuse, and some of them with physical neglect. The protective effect of resilience was moderated by bullying in several types of psychopathology, specifically in somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, psychoticism, and the GSI. CONCLUSION: Understanding the links between childhood trauma, bullying, and later psychopathology can help professionals target policies, resources, and interventions to support children and families at risk. Every child should feel accepted and safe at home and school.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• duševní poruchy * MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nepříznivé zkušenosti z dětství * MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• šikana * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Publikácia sa zameriava na prácu so snami a tak na poznanie seba samého a vyriešenie psychických problémov. Určené širokej verejnosti.

• MeSH
• nevědomí (psychologie) MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• sny * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• populární práce MeSH

• Konspekt
• Zvláštní duševní stavy a procesy
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• psychoterapie

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions, mainly social distancing, had an impact on the mental health of various groups, including adolescents. METHODS: The main goal of our study was to explore the impact of gender, age, resilience (measured using the Brief Resilience Scale), attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance (both measured using the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Scale for adolescents), and mental and general health (measured using items of SF-8 Health Survey) on COVID anxiety (measured using the COVID Anxiety Scale) among a sample of Slovak adolescents (N = 1,786, age 15 to 19, mean age = 16.8, SD = 1.2). The data were collected online between 13 April and 24 May 2021. RESULTS: Four nested linear regression models were fitted to the data and evaluated. The significant predictors that had a greater effect than our smallest effect size of interest (β = 0.10) were gender (β = -0.26, p < 0.001, where boys had lower scores in COVID anxiety), general and mental health (β = -0.13 and β = -0.14, respectively, both with p < 0.001), resilience (β = -0.12, p < 0.001), and attachment avoidance (β = -0.11, p < 0.001). Similarly, age and attachment anxiety were significant predictors with a lower effect size (β = 0.06, p = 0.003, and β = 0.09, p < 0.001, respectively). DISCUSSION: Our results are in line with previous research findings highlighting the importance of prevention and interventions programs focused mainly on preventing loneliness and social disconnection, fostering secure attachment with parents and peers, and increasing the resilience of adolescents, especially in the stressful time of a pandemic, to promote their mental health.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cieľ: V genéze väčšiny duševných porúch sa uplatňuje kombinácia hereditárnych dispozícií a nepriaznivých faktorov prostredia. Cieľom tejto práce bolo zistiť asociácie medzi rôznymi formami zlého zaobchádzania v detstve a dlhotrvajúcou úzkosťou v populácii a poruchami zo spektra neurotických, stresových a somatoformných porúch v dospelosti. Súbor a metodika: Z reprezentatívnej vzorky ČR (n = 1800, 48,7 % mužov, priemerný vek 46,61) boli vybraní: (A) subjektívne "zdraví" respondenti (n = 405, 58 % mužov, priemerný vek 36,54 ? 14,45) a (B) respondenti, ktorí subjektívne udávali dlhodobo úzkosť (n = 125, 32,8 % mužov, priemerný vek 40, 51 ? 12,71). Klinickú vzorku (C) tvorili pacienti zo spektra neurotických, stresových a somatoformných porúch (F 40-48) (n = 73, 27,4 % mužov, priemerný vek 40,51 ? 12,71). Respondenti v štandardizovanom interview odpovedali na nasledovné dotazníky: dotazník Trauma z dětství (CTQ), otázky na dlhotrvajúce zdravotné ťažkosti (vrátane úzkosti), Dotazník Prožívání blízkých vztahů (ECR-R-16), Stručná škála resilience (BRS) a vybrané otázky na anxietu v rámci Stručného Inventáře příznaků (BSI-53). Výsledky: Respondenti z populačnej vzorky, udávajúci emočné týranie a emočné a fyzické zanedbávanie mali aj po zohľadnení veku a pohlavia vyššie riziko, že budú trpieť dlhotrvajúcou úzkosťou. Všetky formy zlého zaobchádzania boli asociované so zvýšeným rizikom výskytu klinicky diagnostikovanej poruchy zo spektra neurotických, stresových a somatoformných porúch oproti populácii, ktorá neudávala žiadne ťažkosti, ale aj oproti populácii udávajúcej úzkosť. Riziko výskytu dlhotrvajúcej úzkosti v populačnej vzorke a klinicky diagnostikovanej poruchy zostalo štatisticky významné aj po zohľadnení vzťahovej úzkostnosti, vzťahovej vyhýbavosti a resiliencie. Záver: Významné asociácie medzi zlým zaobchádzaním v detstve a dlhotrvajúcou úzkosťou v populačnej vzorke a výskytom porúch zo spektra neurotických, stresových a somatoformných porúch v dospelosti poukazujú na dôležitosť faktorov prostredia - špeciálne zlých skúseností s opatrujúcimi osobami v detstve - v etiopatogenéze týchto porúch a upriamujú pozornosť na možnosti prevencie a nutnosť zohľadňovať ich pri terapeutických intervenciách.

Objective: A combination of hereditary dispositions and adverse environmental factors are involved in the development of most mental disorders. The study aimed to assess associations between various forms of childhood adversity and long-term anxiety in the population and disorders from the spectrum of neurotic, stress and somatoform disorders in adulthood. eurotic, stress and somatoform disorders (F 40-48) (n = 73, 27.4% men, mean age 40.51 ? 12.71). Respondents answered the following questionnaires in a standardized interview: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Experiences in Close Relationships - Revised questionnaire (ECR-R-16), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and selected questions on anxiety within the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53). Results: Respondents from the population sample reporting emotional abuse and emotional and physical neglect had even higher odds of suffering from long-term anxiety, after adjusting for age and gender. All forms of childhood adversity were associated with increased risk of clinically diagnosed disorder from the spectrum of neurotic, stress and somatoform disorders compared to the population which did not report any difficulties but also compared to the population reporting anxiety. The risk of long-term anxiety in the population sample and the sample with a clinically diagnosed disorder remained statistically significant even after adjusting for attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance and resilience. Conclusion: Significant associations between childhood adversity and long-term anxiety in the population sample and the occurrence of disorders in the spectrum of neurotic, stress and somatoform disorders in adulthood point to the importance of environmental factors - especially adverse experiences with child caregivers - in the aetiopathogenesis of the disorders and prevention and highlight the possibilities of prevention and the need to consider them in therapeutic interventions.

• MeSH
• dospělí s anamnézou domácího násilí nebo sexuálního zneužívání v dětství * psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• připoutání k objektu MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• úzkost etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• úzkostné poruchy * etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Publikácia sa zameriava na rodovú dysfóriu a na jej psychoterapiu a na transgender identity. Určené odbornej verejnosti.

• MeSH
• gender dysphoria * MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• psychoterapie MeSH
• transgender osoby MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Psychiatrie
• NLK Obory
• psychiatrie