Q130335012
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BACKGROUND: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is one of the most serious side effects of cancer that negatively impacts the quality of life of cancer patients and survivors. There is evidence of CRCI in Hodgkin lymphoma patients (HL); however, there is a lack of studies examining the presence of cognitive deficits before starting any treatment in HL patients. METHODS: Forty adult patients (N = 40) newly diagnosed with HL (with no previous cancer diagnoses) and 40 healthy controls (N = 40) matched for age, sex, education, and premorbid intellect completed the neuropsychological battery and subjective and objective measures of affective distress and quality of life. RESULTS: The results showed impairment in three out of six cognitive domains: verbal memory and learning, speed of processing/psychomotor speed, and abstraction/executive functions in the HL patients before the initiation of any treatment. The speed of processing/psychomotor speed domain is negatively correlated with depression. CONCLUSION: Cognitive deterioration in verbal memory and learning and abstraction/executive functions domains in HL patients seems to occur before the initiation of treatment independently of anxiety, depression, or physical symptoms. This suggests that HL itself may cause cognitive deficits in these cognitive domains. However, the underlying causes of CRCI still remain unclear.
Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a well-documented side effect of cancer treatment in various types of tumors including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). However, a longitudinal study evaluating the cognitive performance of HL patients has been completely lacking. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of CRCI in HL patients before, promptly after, and 6 months after treatment. Thirty-six patients newly diagnosed with HL and 45 healthy controls (HC) completed the neuropsychological battery and psychological measures of affective distress and quality of life. The results indicate that HL patients have impaired performance compared to HC which cannot be explained by emotional factors. Cognitive impairments prior to treatment were found in 3 of 6 cognitive domains, i.e., verbal memory and learning, speed of processing/psychomotor speed, and abstraction/executive function. Promptly after the chemotherapy, deficits were found in the domains of memory and learning, verbal memory, speed of processing/psychomotor speed, and abstraction/executive function. Weaker cognitive performance persist even 6 months after the end of chemotherapy, specifically in domains of verbal memory and learning, and abstraction/executive function. Our results indicate the presence of cognitive impairment in HL patients already prior to treatment and increased damages caused by chemotherapy, while some of them may last for up to 6 months after the treatment.
- MeSH
- exekutivní funkce MeSH
- Hodgkinova nemoc * komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce * chemicky indukované komplikace MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Increased frontal midline theta activity generated by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is induced by conflict processing in the medial frontal cortex (MFC). There is evidence that theta band transcranial alternating current stimulation (θ-tACS) modulates ACC function and alters inhibitory control performance during neuromodulation. Multi-electric (256 electrodes) high definition θ-tACS (HD θ-tACS) using computational modeling based on individual MRI allows precise neuromodulation targeting of the ACC via the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and optimizes the required current density with a minimum impact on the rest of the brain. We therefore tested whether the individualized electrode montage of HD θ-tACS with the current flow targeted to the mPFC-ACC compared with a fixed montage (non-individualized) induces a higher post-modulatory effect on inhibitory control. Twenty healthy subjects were randomly assigned to a sequence of three HD θ-tACS conditions (individualized mPFC-ACC targeting; non-individualized MFC targeting; and a sham) in a double-blind cross-over study. Changes in the Visual Simon Task, Stop Signal Task, CPT III, and Stroop test were assessed before and after each session. Compared with non-individualized θ-tACS, the individualized HD θ-tACS significantly increased the number of interference words and the interference score in the Stroop test. The changes in the non-verbal cognitive tests did not induce a parallel effect. This is the first study to examine the influence of individualized HD θ-tACS targeted to the ACC on inhibitory control performance. The proposed algorithm represents a well-tolerated method that helps to improve the specificity of neuromodulation targeting of the ACC.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Memory decline associated with physiological aging and age-related neurological disorders has a direct impact on quality of life for seniors. With demographic aging, the assessment of cognitive functions is gaining importance, as early diagnosis can lead to more effective cognitive interventions. In comparison to classic paper-and-pencil approaches, virtual reality (VR) could offer an ecologically valid environment for assessment and remediation of cognitive deficits. Despite the rapid development and application of new technologies, the results of studies aimed at the role of VR immersion in assessing cognitive performance and the use of VR in aging populations are often ambiguous. VR can be presented in a less immersive form, with a desktop platform, or with more advanced technologies like head-mounted displays (HMDs). Both these VR platforms are associated with certain advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we investigated age-related differences related to the use of desktop and HMD platforms during memory assessment using an intra-subject design. Groups of seniors (N = 36) and young adults (N = 25) completed a virtual Supermarket Shopping task using desktop and HMD platforms in a counterbalanced order. Our results show that the senior performances were superior when using the non-immersive desktop platform. The ability to recall a shopping list in the young adult group remained stable regardless of the platform used. With the HMD platform, the performance of the subjects of both groups seemed to be more influenced by fatigue. The evaluated user experiences did not differ between the two platforms, and only minimal and rare side effects were reported by seniors. This implies that highly immersive technology has good acceptance among aging adults. These findings might have implications for the further use of HMD in cognitive assessment and remediation.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The Czech version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-CZ) and delayed recall of 5 words have not been validated in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer disease (AD) and compared to norms of a large population. METHOD: The MoCA-CZ was administered to 1,600 elderly individuals in 2 groups consisting of 48 patients with MCI due to AD (AD-MCI) and 1,552 normal elderly adults. RESULTS: MoCA-CZ scores were significantly lower in the AD-MCI patients than in the normal elderly (21 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 3 points; p = 0.03). Under the recommended cutoff score of ≤25, the MoCA-CZ demonstrated an excellent sensitivity of 94% but a low specificity of 62%. When the score was reduced to ≤24, the MoCA-CZ showed an optimal sensitivity of 87% for AD-MCI and a specificity of 72%. Normal elderly persons should recall at least 2 words after delay (sensitivity 80%, specificity 74%). Several cutoff points were derived from normative data stratified by age and education. CONCLUSIONS: The cutoff for AD-MCI and stratified norms are available for the MoCA total score and delayed recall of the Czech version. The cut-off scores of the MoCA-CZ, sensitivity, and specificity are lower than in the original study.
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc * komplikace psychologie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- překládání MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rozpomínání * MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- testy pro posouzení mentálních funkcí a demence * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Východiska: Narušení kognitivních funkcí (poruchy paměti, pozornosti, koncentrace atd.) se vyskytuje po chemoterapii a dalších léčebných postupech u 17–75 % pacientů s různými nádorovými onemocněními a výrazně zhoršuje jejich kvalitu života. Kognitivní deficit spojený s chemoterapií (chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment – CRCI) postihuje pacienty všech věkových skupin. Narušení kognitivních funkcí v souvislosti s chemoterapií bývá obvykle spíše mírné, souvislost s rozvojem demence nebyla potvrzena. Chemoterapie v kombinaci s radioterapií vede k vyléčení 80–90 % pacientů s Hodgkinovým lymfomem. Cíl: Tento přehledový článek shrnuje nejčastěji popisované změny v kognitivních funkcích u pacientů s CRCI. Článek se dále zabývá popisem možných patofyziologických mechanizmů, které leží v pozadí uvedených změn a rizikových faktorů, které mohou zvyšovat pravděpodobnost vzniku poškození kognitivních funkcí po chemoterapii u nádorových onemocnění. Zvláštní zřetel přitom bereme na problematiku Hodgkinova lymfomu. Současně se věnujeme neuroprotektivním faktorům a možnostem léčebného ovlivnění narušení kognitivních funkcí po chemoterapii. Závěr: Ke změnám dochází především ve schopnosti učení a paměti, rychlosti reakcí, pozornosti a v exekutivních funkcích. Patofyziologické mechanizmy CRCI jsou komplexní a nejsou dosud plně objasněny. Studována je v této souvislosti role přímého neurotoxického působení léčby, anémie, navozený oxidační stres a zánětlivá reakce, genetické faktory a snížení konektivity mozku. CRCI je dále modifikován věkem nemocných a komorbiditami. Zkoumány jsou farmakologické i nefarmakologické možnosti léčby CRCI.
Background: Cognitive impairment (impairment of memory, attention, or concentration) is documented in 17–75% of patients with various malignancies treated with chemotherapeutic agents that worsen quality of life. CRCI affects patients of all ages. The impairment of cognitive function in connection with chemotherapy is usually mild, but an event. relationship with dementia remains to be confirmed. Chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma can cure 80–90% of patients. Aim: This review summarizes the most frequently observed changes in cognitive function in patients suffering from CRCI. The article further describes the possible pathophysiological mechanisms behind these changes and the risk factors that can increase the likelihood of cognitive functional impairment after chemotherapy of malignant tumors. Special attention is given to how this relates to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We also discuss the neuroprotective factors involved in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and its treatment options. Conclusion: Changes occur mainly in the ability to learn and remember, in the speed of reactions, and in attention and executive functions. Although CRCI pathophysiological mechanisms are complex and not yet fully understood, the involvement of neurotoxicity, such as that induced by treatment, anemia, higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, genetic factors, and reduced brain connectivity is discussed. CRCI is further modified by comorbidities and patient age. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment options for CRCI are outlined.
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- anemie MeSH
- antidepresiva druhé generace MeSH
- cytokiny fyziologie MeSH
- cytostatické látky toxicita MeSH
- fluoxetin terapeutické užití MeSH
- Hodgkinova nemoc * farmakoterapie MeSH
- kognice MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce * etiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuroprotekce MeSH
- oxidační stres fyziologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
