honeycomb
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- MeSH
- karcinom patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- nádory plic patologie MeSH
- plicní fibróza komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Cíl: Jedná se o pilotní studii s cílem zjistit korelaci mezi procentuálním zachycením voštiny na HRCT plic vyhodnocené automatickým programem CALIPER a vizuální identifikací přítomnosti voštiny pěti zkušenými radiology u pacientů se známou intersticiální plicní fibrózou (IPF). Metodika: Patnáct pacientů vybraných z abecedního seznamu pacientů z Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové (FNHK) se stanovenou diagnózou idiopatické plicní fibrózy (IPF). U 12 z nich byla provedena analýza programem CALIPER a následně i ohodnocení pěti radiology z FNHK. Výsledky: Nejlepšího poměru mezi senzitivitou a specificitou bylo dosaženo při 3,5 procentuálním zastoupení voštiny v pravé plíci, kdy bylo dosaženo senzitivity 80 % a specificity 85,7 %. U dvou hodnocených pacientů došlo k výrazně rozdílné interpretaci přítomnosti voštiny. Závěr: Pilotní studie prokázala, že stanovení 3,5% hranice pro přítomnost voštiny má 80% senzitivitu a 85,7% specificitu v porovnání mezi programem CALIPER s vizuálním konsenzem radiologů. Pro limitace v této studii doporučujeme další výzkum.
Purpose: The pilot study to investigate the correlation between the percentage of HRCT honeycombing captured by the CALIPER automatic program and the visual identification of this morph presence by five radiological examinations in patients with known interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: 15 patients selected from the alphabetical list of patients from the Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové (FNHK) with established diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). For 12 of them, the CALIPER program was analysed, followed by the evaluation of five radiologists from FNHK. Results: The best ratio between sensitivity and specificity was achieved at a 3.5 percent representation of honeycomb in right lung, when the sensitivity was 80% and the specificity was 85.7%. 13% of patients evaluated had a significantly different interpretation of honeycomb presence. Conclusion: Pilot studies have shown that the 3.5% threshold for the presence of honeycombing has 80% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity when is program CALIPER compared to the visual consensus of radiologists. For limitations in this study, we recommend further research.
The proteins and pigment of the eggshell of the Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) were analysed. For proteomic analysis, various decalcification methods were used when the two main surface layers were analyzed. These layers are important for antimicrobial defense of egg (particularly the cuticle). We found 58 proteins in both layers, of which 4 were specific for the cuticle and 26 for the palisade (honeycomb) layer. Substantial differences between proteins in the eggshell of crocodile and previously described birds' eggshells exist (both in terms of quality and quantity), however, the entire proteome of Crocodilians has not been described yet. The most abundant protein was thyroglobulin. The role of determined proteins in the eggshell of the Siamese crocodile is discussed. For the first time, the presence of porphyrin pigment is reported in a crocodilian eggshell, albeit in a small amount (about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than white avian eggs).
Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies, two new and one specifically not identified gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) are described from the ovary of marine fishes of the genus Epinephelus Bloch (Serranidae, Perciformes) in the Bay of Bengal, off the eastern coast of India: P. indica sp. nov. (male and females) from the honeycomb grouper E. merra Bloch, P. tropica sp. nov. (males and females) from the duskytail grouper E. bleekeri (Vaillant) and Philometra sp. (only females) from the cloudy grouper E. erythrurus (Valenciennes). Philometra indica is mainly characterized by the length of spicules 192-195 μm and the gubernaculum 84 μm, the distal tip of the gubernaculum without a dorsal protuberance, and by the presence of five pairs of caudal papillae. Philometra tropica is mainly characterized by the spicules conspicuously ventrally distended at their posterior halves, the distal tip of the gubernaculum with a dorsal protuberance, and the presence of three pairs of caudal papillae.
- MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- hlístice klasifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- nematodózy epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- zátoky parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Indie MeSH
The objective of this article is to describe and classify usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) changes according to their relevance in the pathology of the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) process. In a cohort of 50 patients (25♀, 25♂) with UIP findings, the percentage ratio between fibrotic and preserved parts of the lungs was quantified. Three quantitative stages of fibrotic involvement of the lung parenchyma and concomitant changes were defined. These are initial (≤20%), advanced (21-40%), and diffuse (≥41%) fibrosis of the lungs. Histologically, temporal heterogeneity is predominant with thickened alveolar septa, interstitial fibrosis, and the presence of fibroblastic foci up to mature diffuse fibrosis with honeycomb changes. The finding is accompanied by variably mature lymphocytic inflammation, presence of macrophages, emphysema, bronchioloectasia of the alveoli, bronchiectasis, bronchial muscle wall hypertrophy, hypertrophy of the vessel walls, alveolar mucosa, focal haemorrhage, and hyalinization of the lungs. Pneumocyte hyperplasia, occasionally atypical in appearance with hobnail changes, as well as squamous metaplasia are observed. In the methodically quantified stages of fibrous involvement, 14 subjects were classified (6♀, 8♂) into the stage of initial fibrosis, 21 subjects (11♀; 10♂) into the stage of advanced fibrosis, and 15 subjects (8♀; 7♂) into the stage of diffuse fibrosis.
Prematurely erupted teeth are rare in fullterm neonates and extremely rare in prematurely delivered infants. The aim of this study was to present macroscopic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations of prematurely erupted primary teeth of preterm very low birthweight (VLBW) and extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants. Three preterm VLBW and ELBW infants with prematurely erupted lower incisors were examined. The dental examination assessed the type, location, clinical appearance, and degree of mobility of the prematurely erupted teeth. The structural appearance of enamel and dentin of three extracted and longitudinally sectioned prematurely erupted teeth was investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Lower incisors were rootless with hypermobility. The surface of enamel of the prematurely erupted primary teeth was hypoplastic and hypomineralized and had a typical "honeycomb" appearance in SEM. The aprismatic type of enamel was visible in some regions. The neonatal line separating the layer of prenatal enamel from postnatal enamel was observed. The enamel prisms were interconnected by interprismatic substances, and cross-striations of prisms were visible. Dentin presented a typical tubular character. The dentinal layer near the enamel dentin junction had Y-shaped branching of dentinal tubules. On the pulpal side, dentin had a globular character. The macroscopic and SEM investigations particularly revealed alterations in enamel, while the dentin of neonatal teeth had a nearly normal appearance.
- MeSH
- dentin * MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- novorozenec nedonošený * MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- řezáky MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
High chromatographic resolution of wax esters (WEs) was achieved by non-aqueous reversed-phase liquid chromatography on a Nova-Pak C18 column by optimising the acetonitrile/ethyl acetate mobile phase gradient. The retention behaviour of WEs was studied in this chromatographic system. The WEs eluted according to their equivalent carbon number (ECN) values; within the group of WEs with the identical ECN, the most unsaturated species tended to elute first. The isobaric WEs with different positions of the ester moiety were separated from each other whenever the lengths of the chains were sufficiently different. The methyl-branched esters eluted at shorter retention times than the straight-chained analogues, and the resolution among methyl-branched WEs depended on the position of the branching. The analytes were detected by atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) using data-dependent scanning. WEs provided simple full-scan spectra with abundant protonated molecules and low-intensity fragments. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) promoted identification of the WE molecular species. The responses of WEs were found to be dependent on the number of double bonds and on the alkyl-chain length; the limits of the detection ranged from 20micromol/L to 200nmol/L. The HPLC/APCI-MS was applied for the analysis of the WEs isolated from honeycomb beeswax, jojoba oil and human hair. Good agreement between reported results and the literature data was achieved, with several novel polyunsaturated WEs also being found.
Úvod: Intersticiální plicní procesy (IPP, též fibrotizující plicní procesy) jsou imunopatologické procesy na úrovni intersticia plic, tj. v oblasti interalveolární, v alveolech a v peribronchiu. Zabraňují účinné výměně plynů na alveolo-kapilární membráně a vedou k respirační insuficienci. Kazuistika: 59letý pacient byl odeslán na naše pracoviště k vyloučení embolie do plicnice. Byl vyšetřen na kardiologii pro otoky DK, vyšetření bylo uzavřeno jako chronická žilní insuficience bez kardiálního podílu na otocích. Kromě toho je pacient léčen 19 let v plicní ambulanci pro plicní fibrózu typu obliterující bronchiolitidy, klinicky má chronickou námahovou dušnost, echokardiograficky je bez známek plicní hypertenze či cor pulmonale. Na plicní scintigrafii jsme prokázali vcelku homogenní distribuci perfuze i ventilace, takže jsme mohli embolii do plicnice vyloučit. Na nízkodávkovém nediagnostickém CT jsme zachytili výrazné parenchymové intersticiální změny se smíšenou denzitou až voštinovitého charakteru. Nález dokládá intersticiální charakter poškození plíce bez významné změny distribuce perfuze i ventilace a vysvětluje klinicky přítomnou dušnost. Závěr: Hybridní plicní scintigrafie u pacientů s plicní fibrózou může vysvětlit příčinu dušnosti i při spolehlivém vyloučení možné embolie do plicnice průkazem intersticiálních parenchymových změn.
Introduction: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD, also fibrosing lung processes) are immunopatological processes in the lung interstitium, i.e. interalveolarly, in the alveoli and in peribonchium. They make difficult gas exchange in the alveolo-capillary membrane and cause respiratory insufficiency. Case report: 59-y-old man was sent to our department to exclude pulmonary embolism. He was assessed by cardiologist due to lower extremities edema; it was concluded as a chronic venous insufficiency without heart role. Patient was followed for 19 years by pneumologist for ILD, type bronchiolitis obliterans. He suffers from chronical exertional dyspnea. There was neither pulmonary hypertension nor cor pulmonale on echocardiography. There were quite homogenous perfusion and ventilation on lung scintigraphy, so we were able to exclude pulmonary embolism. We detected significant parenchymal changes with a mixed density and honeycomb character on a low dose nondiagnostic CT. So we can conclude the presence of interstitial damage in the lung without a significant changes of perfusion and ventilation, which explain clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Hybrid lung scintigraphy in patients with interstitial lung diseases is able to explain the cause of dyspnea and simultaneously exclude pulmonary embolism by confirmation of parenchymal changes.
- Klíčová slova
- plicní scintigrafie,
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- PET/CT metody MeSH
- plicní fibróza * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
V kazuistice je popisován případ 55letého muže, u kterého byla diagnostikována idiopatická plicní fibróza (IPF). V rámci časného přístupu mohla být nasazena účinná antifibrotická terapie pirfenidonem a následně při splnění indikačních kritérií mohlo být pokračováno v terapii podle stanovené úhrady. Již v době diagnózy byly klinické potíže pacienta výrazné, dominovala ponámahová dušnost a suchý dráždivý kašel. Při fyzikálním vyšetření byly přítomny paličkovité prsty a poslechově byl na plicích přítomný krepitus. Radiologicky byly difuzně převážně subpleurálně patrné fibrózní proužky a retikulární opacity, bazálně byl obraz voštinovité plíce s trakčními bronchiektáziemi. Histologicky z VATS byl potvrzen obraz obvyklé intersticiální pneumonie (UIP). Funkční vyšetření prokázalo lehkou restrikční ventilační poruchu, bylo zjištěno středně těžké snížení transferfaktoru a lehké snížení transferkoeficientu. U našeho pacienta při léčbě pirfenidonem za celé období léčby nedošlo k významnější radiologické progresi onemocnění a také pokles funkčních parametrů nepřekročil 10 %. Výsledky spiroergometrického vyšetření se výrazněji neměnilo. Ačkoliv se jedná o závažné onemocnění s nepříznivou prognózou, lze při včasné diagnostice indikovat terapii pirfenidonem, která může v kombinaci se speciální individuální dechovou rehabilitací a dalšími léky (N-acetylcysteinem, inhibitory protonové pumpy) zlepšit průběh i prognózu tohoto fatálního onemocnění.
Presented is a case of a 55-year-old male diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. As an early approach, effective antifibrotic therapy with pirfenidone was initiated; with the indication criteria being met, the treatment was continued in accordance with the established reimbursement cost. As early as at diagnosis, the patient's signs and symptoms were significant were prominent, dominated by exertional dyspnea and dry irritative cough. Physical examination revealed finger clubbing and crackles on auscultation. Radiological examination showed diffuse, mostiy subpleural fibrotic bands and reticular opacities, and honeycomb lung with traction bronchiectasis at the bases. Histological examination of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery samples confirmed usual interstitial pneumonia. Functional tests showed a mild restrictive ventilatory defect, moderate transfer factor decrease and mild tiansfer factor decrease. Throughout the patient's pirfenidone therapy, no significant radiological progression of the disease was noted and the decrease in functional parameters did not exceed 10 %. No significant changes in cardio-pulmonary exercise test results were observed. Although the condition is severe and the prognosis is unfavorable, if diagnosed early, pirfenidone therapy may be indicated, able to improve both the course and prognosis if combined with special individualized pulmonary rehabilitation and other medications (N-acetylcysteine, proton pump inhibitors).
- MeSH
- azathioprin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- idiopatická plicní fibróza * farmakoterapie patologie radiografie MeSH
- inhibitory protonové pumpy terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
- prednison aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- pyrroly aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- respirační funkční testy MeSH
- TNF-alfa aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
