Článek se zaměřuje na komunikační strategie pro neurology při rozhovoru s pacienty s roztroušenou sklerózou (RS) při zhoršení jejich zdravotního stavu. Sdělování špatných zpráv je obtížné a často nedostatečně pokryté lékařským vzděláním, což může vést k citovému odpoutání lékařů od pacientů a syndromu vyhoření. Cílené školení komunikačních dovedností zlepšuje vztah lékař-pacient. Doporučené komunikační strategie posilující compliance zahrnují: přípravu prostředí, strukturovaný průběh rozhovoru, zjištění informovanosti pacienta, budování terapeutického vztahu, upřímné a empatické sdělení diagnózy, srozumitelnou edukaci o léčebném postupu a využití multidisciplinarity. Zásadní je i péče o vzdělávání lékařů a psychické zdraví týmu.
The article focuses on communication strategies for neurologists when talking to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients as their diagnosis deteriorates. Breaking of bad news is difficult and often insufficiently covered in medical education, which can lead to emotional detachment of physicians from patients and burnout. Targeted communication skills training improves the physician-patient relationship. Recommended communication strategies to enhance the compliance include: preparation of the environment, structured interview process, ascertaining the patient's awareness, building a therapeutic relationship, honest and empathetic communication of the diagnosis, understandable education about the treatment procedure and the use of multidisciplinarity. It is also essential to take care of the physicians education and the team and physicians mental wellbeing.
The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia.
- MeSH
- cukry * MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- postoj MeSH
- sexuální chování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Obstructive sleep apnea increases morbidity and mortality risks. The most common treatment is continuous positive airway pressure, with nasal mask usage being important, but not always optimal. While most research on treatment adherence focuses on the patient, the bed partner's involvement may be detrimental. Our study aim is to obtain a European-wide picture of the bed partner's attitude and support towards continuous positive airway pressure therapy, including effects on relationship satisfaction and intimacy. The English translation of a German bed partner questionnaire, assessing relationship satisfaction and three major components (general attitude, perceived mask looks, intimacy effects) was distributed within the European Sleep Apnea Database Network and translated in participating countries' local language. Data were collected for 2 years. In total, 10 European countries (13 sleep centres) participated with 1546 questionnaires. Overall, 91% of bed partners had a positive attitude towards continuous positive airway pressure therapy, 86% perceived mask looks not negative, 64% stated no negative intimacy effects. More specifically, 71% mentioned improved sleep quality, 68% supported nightly device usage. For 41% of bed partners, relationship satisfaction increased (no change for 47%). These results were significantly more pronounced in Eastern/Southern Europe compared with Middle Europe, especially regarding intimacy effects. However, increased continuous positive airway pressure therapy length affected attitude negatively. These results provide necessary information to improve treatment strategies by including educational couple-focused approaches. Among others, we revealed that negative intimacy effects are not considered a barrier to continuous positive airway pressure adherence. These results may inspire more research identifying regional gaps with need for treatment adjustments.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obstrukční spánková apnoe * terapie psychologie MeSH
- osobní uspokojení * MeSH
- percepce MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sexuální partneři psychologie MeSH
- trvalý přetlak v dýchacích cestách * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Vydání první 199 stran, 16 nečíslovaných stran obrazových příloh : ilustrace ; 23 cm
Příručka, která se zaměřuje na metody terapie uměním a na vedení a etické aspekty terapie. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.
- MeSH
- arteterapie MeSH
- profesionální etika MeSH
- vztahy mezi lékařem a pacientem MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NLK Obory
- psychoterapie
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this qualitative study was to identify the main factors that help and hinder adolescents' wellbeing at school using their perspectives and experiences. METHODS: We used data from 45 adolescents in the first year of high school in Slovakia (mean age = 14.98; 22.2% boys). We obtained the data using 11 semi-structured group interviews conducted in 2020/2021. Participants were selected from three types of high school with regard to graduation system. Data was analysed using consensual qualitative research and thematic analysis. RESULTS: We identified three main themes of factors contributing to their wellbeing at school: 1. School (atmosphere and organisation of life at school, physical environment, threats and the ability of school to deal with issues); 2. Relationships (with peers and teachers, and teachers' behaviour towards them); 3. Myself (own perceived obstacles and resilience resources). CONCLUSION: The organisation of life at school, surroundings, threats and dealing with issues importantly affect adolescents' wellbeing. Therefore, adjustment of physical environment and interpersonal competences of teachers, supporting of resilience resources of adolescents should be targets for interventions and prevention programmes at schools.
- MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- osobní uspokojení MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- školy * MeSH
- studenti psychologie MeSH
- učitelé psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- geriatrie * ekonomika organizace a řízení MeSH
- kongresy jako téma * MeSH
- mezioborová komunikace MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
AIM: The paper describes the characteristics of relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (R-OCD), including the types of obsessions and compulsions, the common triggers and the impact on psychological well-being and relationship functioning. It also offers basic cognitive-behavioural strategies to help patients change their attitudes towards obsessive thoughts and reduce compulsive behaviours. METHODS: This article is a narrative review of the literature and case studies on R-OCD. To search for relevant sources, we used PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases with the keywords "relationship obsessive compulsive disorder", "R-OCD", "relationship OCD" and "partner-focused OCD". We included only studies published in English from January 1990 to June 2023. The paper provides examples of how basic cognitive-behavioural strategies help individuals with R-OCD. RESULTS: People with R-OCD experience intrusive thoughts about whether they have the right feelings for their partner, whether their partner loves them, whether the relationship is suitable or whether their partner has flaws. These thoughts trigger the urge to perform various rituals to alleviate anxiety, such as repeated checking, reassurance or comparison. However, this behaviour leads to disruption of the relationship and long-term maintenance of the anxiety. Examples of basic cognitive-behavioural strategies can be applied in clinical practice to help individuals change their attitudes towards relational obsessive thoughts and reduce compulsive behaviours.
- MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- komodifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sociální práce * ekonomika trendy MeSH
- účast komunity MeSH
- veřejná politika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
