Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most valuable cereal crops for human consumption. Its grain storage proteins define bread quality, though they may cause food intolerances or allergies in susceptible individuals. Herein, we discovered a diversity of grain proteins in three Ukrainian wheat cultivars: Sotnytsia, Panna (both modern selection), and Ukrainka (landrace). Firstly, proteins were isolated with a detergent-containing buffer that allowed extraction of various groups of storage proteins (glutenins, gliadins, globulins, and albumins); secondly, the proteome was profiled by the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Using multi-enzymatic digestion, we identified 49 differentially accumulated proteins. Parallel ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography separation followed by direct mass spectrometry quantification complemented the results. Principal component analysis confirmed that differences among genotypes were a major source of variation. Non-gluten fraction better discriminated bread wheat cultivars. Various accumulation of clinically relevant plant proteins highlighted one of the modern genotypes as a promising donor for the breeding of hypoallergenic cereals.

• MeSH
• 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
• albuminy chemie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• chléb analýza   MeSH
• gliadin chemie   genetika   MeSH
• globuliny chemie   genetika   MeSH
• gluteny chemie   genetika   MeSH
• jedlá semena chemie   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obilninové proteiny chemie   klasifikace   MeSH
• proteom genetika   MeSH
• pšenice chemie   genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• doškolování MeSH
• gynekologicko-porodnické oddělení nemocnice organizace a řízení   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• urologické oddělení nemocnice organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

BACKGROUND: The European Association of Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) fellowship programme was established in 2014, allowing nine surgeons annually to obtain experience and skills in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) from specialist centres across the Europe and United States. It aligns with the strategic focus of EAES Education and Training Committee on enabling Learning Mobility opportunities. To assess the impact of the programme, a survey was conducted aiming to evaluate the experience and impact of the programme and receive feedback for improvements. METHODS: A survey using a 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate clinical, education and research experience. The impact on acquisition of new technical skills, change in clinical practice and ongoing collaboration with the host institute was assessed. The fellows selected between 2014 and 2018 were included. Ratings were analysed in percentage; thematic analysis was applied to the free-text feedbacks using qualitative analysis. RESULTS: All the fellows had good access to observing in operating theatres and 70.6% were able to assist. 91.2% participated in educational activities and 23.5% were able to contribute through teaching. 44.1% participated in research activities and 41.2% became an author/co-author of a publication from the host. 97.1% of fellows stated that their operative competency had increased, 94.3% gained new surgical skills and 85.7% was able to introduce new techniques in their hospitals. 74.29% agreed that the clinical experience led to a change in their practices. The most commonly suggested improvements were setting realistic target in clinical and research areas, increasing fellowship duration, and maximising theatre assisting opportunities. Nevertheless, 100% of fellows would recommend the fellowship to their peers. CONCLUSION: EAES fellowship programme has shown a positive impact on acquiring and adopting new MIS techniques. To further refine the programme, an individualised approach should be adopted to set achievable learning objectives in clinical skills, education and research.

• MeSH
• chirurgové * MeSH
• endoskopie MeSH
• klinické kompetence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• miniinvazivní chirurgické výkony výchova   MeSH
• stipendia * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

BACKGROUND: Subspecialty fellowship directors are essential to the selection and mentorship of trainees. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gender and racial/ethnic diversity of fellowship directors across fellowship programs in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). METHODS: In December 2023, listings of fellowship programs/directors were surveyed from respective professional society websites across the 5 primary PRS fellowships: hand (American Society for Surgery of the Hand), craniofacial (American Society of Craniofacial Surgeons), microsurgery (American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery), aesthetic (The Aesthetic Society), and burn (American Burn Association). Fellowship director demographics from each program were researched and identified. RESULTS: In total, 248 fellowship directors were identified: 94 hand, 34 craniofacial, 62 microsurgery, 38 aesthetic, and 20 burn. There was a significantly greater percentage of male versus female directors across all fellowships (87.5% versus 12.5%; P < 0.01). Men were noted to have a significantly higher average h-index score (20.4 versus 15.0; P = 0.045) but constituted a lower proportion of assistant professorships (32.3% versus 12.9%; P < 0.01). Relative to directors from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds, White directors constituted a significantly greater percentage of fellowship directors (72.9% versus 27.1%; P < 0.01) and had a greater number of years passed since completing their most recent training (21.7 versus 17.1; P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Across PRS fellowship programs, women and racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately underrepresented in leadership. Targeted initiatives to promote diversity in PRS fellowship directors should be considered as medicine works toward a surgical workforce more reflective of the patient population.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• stipendia * MeSH
• zahraniční odborný personál * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH

The authors report on the scientific exchange of information and the social program during the 2002 POSNA Traveling Fellowship to Europe. Centers were visited in Prague, Vienna, Stolzalpe, and Rome, with the trip ending in Istanbul at the European Pediatric Orthopaedic Society meeting.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• muskuloskeletální nemoci terapie   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Itálie MeSH
• Rakousko MeSH
• Severní Amerika MeSH
• Turecko MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to understand the current situation of surgical education and training in Europe among members of the European Society of Gynecological Oncology (ESGO) and its impact on the daily surgical practice of those that have completed an accredited fellowship in gynecologic oncology. METHODS: A questionnaire addressing topics of interest in surgical training was designed and sent to ESGO members with surgical experience in gynecologic oncology. The survey was completely confidentially and could be completed in less than 5 minutes. Responses from 349 members from 42 European countries were obtained, which was 38% of the potential target population. The respondents were divided into 2 groups depending on whether they had undergone an official accreditation process. RESULTS: Two thirds of respondents said they had received a good surgical education. However, accredited gynecologists felt that global surgical training was significantly better. Surgical self-confidence among accredited specialists was significantly higher regarding most surgical oncological procedures than it was among their peers without such accreditation. However, the rate of self-assurance in ultraradical operations, and bowel and urinary reconstruction was quite low in both groups. There was a general request for standardizing surgical education across the ESGO area. Respondents demanded further training in laparoscopy, ultraradical procedures, bowel and urinary reconstruction, and postoperative management of complications. Furthermore, they requested the creation of fellowship programs in places where they are not now accredited and the promotion of rotations and exchange in centers of excellence. Finally, respondents want supporting training in disadvantaged countries of the ESGO area. CONCLUSIONS: Specialists in gynecologic oncology that have obtained a formal accreditation received a significantly better surgical education than those that have not. The ESGO responders recognize that their society should lead the standardization of surgical training and promote ways of improving members' surgical skills.

• MeSH
• chirurgická onkologie výchova   MeSH
• gynekologie výchova   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ženských pohlavních orgánů chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• MeSH
• nemocnice - restrukturalizace MeSH
• reforma zdravotní péče MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Litva MeSH