BACKGROUND: Whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used in rehabilitation and sport. Studies confirm its positive impact on muscle strength and power or regulating muscle hypertension. However, there are some uncertainties regarding its influence on postural stability. This issue seems particularly interesting in the case of individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), for whom proprioceptive training and muscle strengthening exercises are recommended while techniques that decrease muscle tension are not advised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with GJH. METHODS: 60 participants were categorized into the groups: 1) hypermobility with vibration (GJH+WBV), 2) hypermobility without vibration (GJH-WBV), 3) control group with vibration (CTRL+WBV), 4) control group without vibration (CTRL-WBV). The first and the third group completed WBV (frequency: 15 Hz and 30 Hz, amplitude 3 mm, 3 × 3 min). The second and fourth groups participated only in measurement sessions. GJH was assessed using the Beighton test. Postural stability was measured as the overall stability index (OSI) on the Biodex Balance System on the stable and unstable platform with open and closed eyes. Measurements were taken before and after WBV for two weeks. RESULTS: At a frequency of 15 Hz, a significant time effect was observed for measurements Before and After in CTRL-WBV on the stable platform with open eyes (p= 0.012) and on the unstable platform with closed eyes (p= 0.000) for the GJH+WBV and CTRL+WBV groups. There were no significant interactions (p> 0.05) between factors. At a frequency of 30 Hz, there was a significant time effect Before and After (p= 0.047) on the stable platform with open eyes, but no interaction was found between factors (p= 0.835). CONCLUSION: There is no positive acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with and without GJH.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Joint Instability * physiopathology rehabilitation therapy MeSH
- Postural Balance * physiology MeSH
- Vibration * therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Warm-up (WU) is a commonly practiced technique aimed at preparing athletes for physical activity. Although coaches and athletes consider WU essential, there is still an ongoing debate about its effectiveness. This might be due to the fact that WU procedures often rely on experiences rather than scientific research. During WU, athletes may pursue intermediate goals such as ensuring proper ranges of motion in joints, which seem crucial particularly for runners' ankle joints. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate influence of whole-body vibration (WBV), drop jump (DJ), and a combination of both (WBV + DJ) in terms of ankle dorsiflexion and running parameters among recreational runners. METHODS: Sixteen runners performed as a WU: five sets of 30 s calf raises without WBV (CTRL), five sets of 30 s calf raises during WBV, five sets of six DJ, five sets of 30 s calf raises during WBV followed by 6 DJ. Range of motion (ROM) of the ankle joint was measured in a prone position using an inclinometer for the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles, separately. Measurements were conducted before and after WU, and after a 3000 m run. RESULTS: There was no interaction for time and WU for left (p = 0.926) and right (p = 0.738) soleus muscle as well as for left (p = 0.748) and right (p = 0.197) gastrocnemius muscles. No difference (p = 0.914) for the running time was found. DISCUSSION: WBV, drop jumps, or a combination of both did not affect ankle dorsiflexion and running time.
- MeSH
- Running * physiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Ankle Joint * physiology MeSH
- Cross-Over Studies * MeSH
- Muscle, Skeletal physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Range of Motion, Articular * physiology MeSH
- Vibration * MeSH
- Warm-Up Exercise physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
In this study, the vibrational characteristics of optically excited echinenone in various solvents and the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) in red and orange states are systematically investigated through steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy techniques. Time-resolved experiments, employing both Transient Absorption (TA) and Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (FSRS), reveal different states in the OCP photoactivation process. The time-resolved studies indicate vibrational signatures of exited states positioned above the S1 state during the initial 140 fs of carotenoid evolution in OCP, an absence of a vibrational signature for the relaxed S1 state of echinenone in OCP, and more robust signatures of a highly excited ground state (GS) in OCP. Differences in S1 state vibration population signatures between OCP and solvents are attributed to distinct conformations of echinenone in OCP and hydrogen bonds at the keto group forming a short-lived intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state. The vibrational dynamics of the hot GS in OCP show a more pronounced red shift of ground state CC vibration compared to echinenone in solvents, thus suggesting an unusually hot form of GS. The study proposes a hypothesis for the photoactivation mechanism of OCP, emphasizing the high level of vibrational excitation in longitudinal stretching modes as a driving force. In conclusion, the comparison of vibrational signatures reveals unique dynamics of energy dissipation in OCP, providing insights into the photoactivation mechanism and highlighting the impact of the protein environment on carotenoid behavior. The study underscores the importance of vibrational analysis in understanding the intricate processes involved in early phase OCP photoactivation.
Voice registers are assumed to be related to different laryngeal adjustments, but objective evidence has been insufficient. While chest register is usually associated with the lower pitch range, and head register with the higher pitch range, here we investigated a professional singer who claimed an ability to produce both these registers at every pitch, throughout her entire singing range. The singer performed separated phonations alternating between the two registers (further called chest-like and head-like) at all pitches from C3 (131 Hz) to C6 (1047 Hz). We monitored the vocal fold vibrations using high-speed video endoscopy and electroglottography. The microphone sound was recorded and used for blind listening tests performed by the three authors (insiders) and by six "naive" participants (outsiders). The outsiders correctly identified the registers in 64% of the cases, and the insiders in 89% of the cases. Objective analysis revealed larger closed quotient and vertical phase differences for the chest-like register within the lower range below G4 (<392 Hz), and also a larger closed quotient at the membranous glottis within the higher range above Bb4 (>466 Hz), but not between Ab4-A4 (415-440 Hz). The normalized amplitude quotient was consistently lower in the chest-like register throughout the entire range. The results indicate that that the singer employed subtle laryngeal control mechanisms for the chest-like and head-like phonations on top of the traditionally recognized low-pitched chest and high-pitched head register phenomena. Across all pitches, the chest-like register was produced with more rapid glottal closure that was usually, but not necessarily, accompanied also by stronger adduction of membranous glottis. These register changes were not always easily perceivable by listeners, however.
- MeSH
- Acoustics * MeSH
- Video Recording MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Electrodiagnosis MeSH
- Phonation * MeSH
- Vocal Cords physiology MeSH
- Voice Quality * MeSH
- Laryngoscopy MeSH
- Larynx physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Vibration MeSH
- Singing * MeSH
- Sound Spectrography MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Case Reports MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Vibratory positive expiratory pressure (PEP) devices are now commonly used as a resource for voice therapy. PEP devices promote improved vocal economy with the added benefit of producing a massage effect in the vocal tract. Although the benefits of PEP devices for voice have already been demonstrated, their impact on the vocal source is still not very clear. This study assesses the impact of phonation into the Acapella Choice (a type of PEP device) on the voice. METHODS: Three normophonic subjects underwent high-speed videoendoscopy assessment while pressure, flow and electroglottographic data was collected. RESULTS: Phonation into the Acapella device produces large changes in the pressure and flow profiles consequently affecting the voice source. In specific, when intraoral pressure increases as a consequence of the downward movement of the rocker arm in the Acapella device (reduction of the airflow outlet), phonation is hindered, demonstrated by the lower amplitude of vibration of the vocal folds and weaker modulation of the pressure and flow values by the glottal cycle. When the rocker arm in the Acapella device opens (increasing the airflow outlet), the opposite trend is observed where vocal fold vibration is aided and the modulation of pressure and flow by the vocal cycle increases. Based on the pressure and flow signals, we can assume that the impedance of the vocal tract alternates between two dominant regimes: increased inertive reactance (aided vibration) and increased resistance (hindered vibration). CONCLUSIONS: PEP devices, such as the Acapella device, are efficient in modulating the pressure and flow profiles in the vocal tract leading to the alternation of glottal vibration from aided to hindered. These changes in the glottal vibration can be considered an additional consequence of the massage effect caused by the Acapella device.
- MeSH
- Video Recording * MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Equipment Design * MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Electrodiagnosis instrumentation MeSH
- Phonation * MeSH
- Glottis * physiology MeSH
- Vocal Cords physiology MeSH
- Voice Training * MeSH
- Voice Quality * MeSH
- Laryngoscopy instrumentation MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pressure * MeSH
- Positive-Pressure Respiration instrumentation MeSH
- Vibration * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Účelem článku je seznámit odbornou veřejnost s autorským výkladem nejdůležitějších změn nařízení vlády č. 272/2011 Sb., o ochraně zdraví před nepříznivými účinky hluku a vibrací, které nabývají účinnosti dnem 1. července 2023. Cílem novely je racionalizace a zjednodušení přístupu ochrany veřejného zdraví před hlukem v tom smyslu, aby byl zachován rozvoj veřejné infrastruktury se zásadou dodržování ochrany veřejného zdraví před hlukem. Změny se týkají zejména oblasti hluku z dopravy, resp. hluku z pozemních komunikací a drah. Současná právní úprava byla již překonána a způsobovala v některých případech i paradoxní situace. Z dočasných institutů se staly rigidní mechanismy, které již prakticky nezajišťovaly ochranu veřejného zdraví před hlukem z dopravních zdrojů a způsobovaly komplikace v dalším rozvoji zastavěných území sídel i dopravní infrastruktury.
The aim of this article is the author's presentation of the most important adjustmens of Government Regulation No. 272/2011 Coll. for the professional public. This Government Regulation is going to come into force on 01/07/2023. The main purpose is to rationalize and simplify the relationship between two policies - environmental noise regulation and sustainable urban and transport infrastructure development. The changes concern in particular the area of traffic noise, i.e. noise from roads and railways. The current national framework is obsolete and it is causing absurd legal interpretations. The temporary legal exceptations have become rigid obligations which are only formal and nowadays are not bringing the meaningful purpose - public health protection against exposure to traffic noise on the one hand and sustainable urban and transport infrastructure development on the onther hand.
- MeSH
- Noise, Transportation * adverse effects statistics & numerical data legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Health Impact Assessment statistics & numerical data legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Public Health Surveillance methods MeSH
- Vibration adverse effects MeSH
- Legislation as Topic standards MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
The aim of this study was to examine whether acute whole-body vibration, a single bout of drop jumps, or a combination of both may enhance countermovement jump (CMJ) and would affect volitional pace 3 km running performance. Twelve healthy and recreationally active males completed 4 conditions in randomized order: (i) 5 sets of 30 s calf raises on the platform but without vibration; (ii) 5 sets of 30 s calf raises on the vibration platform with 30 s rest intervals between sets; (iii) 5 sets of 6 drop jump with a 30 s rest interval between sets; (iv) 5 sets of 30 s calf raises on the vibration platform followed by 6 drop jumps with a 30 s rest interval between sets. Before, 3-min after, and immediately after a 3 km run each participant performed CMJ. No significant difference between conditions (p = 0.327) for the 3 km time trial was found. Whereas CMJ height and relative peak power were significantly improved in post-3 km run than at baseline (p < 0.001 and p = 0.025) and post-warm-up (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002) in all conditions. The present study indicates that warm-up consisting of either whole-body vibration, drop jumps, or a combination of both failed to acutely improve CMJ and 3 km volitional pace running performance in physically active males. However, the increase in the CMJ performance was noted after the end of the 3 km run, which may indicate that the warm-up protocols used were insufficient to enhance subsequent performance.
- MeSH
- Running * MeSH
- Leg MeSH
- Muscle, Skeletal MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Rest MeSH
- Athletic Performance * MeSH
- Vibration MeSH
- Warm-Up Exercise * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
In this tribute article to D.G. Miller, we review some historical and recent contributions to understanding the myoelastic-aerodynamic (MEAD) theory of phonation and the related acoustic phenomena in subglottal and vocal tract. At the time of the formulation of MEAD by van den Berg in late 1950s, it was assumed that vocal fold oscillations are self-sustained thanks to increased subglottal pressure pushing the glottis to open and decreased subglottal pressure allowing the glottis to close. In vivo measurements of subglottal pressures during phonation invalidated these assumptions, however, and showed that at low fundamental frequencies subglottal pressure rather tends to reach a maximum value at the beginning of glottal closure and then exhibits damped oscillations. These events can be interpreted as transient acoustic resonance phenomena in the subglottal tract that are triggered by glottal closure. They are analogous to the transient acoustic phenomena seen in the vocal tract. Rather than subglottal pressure oscillations, a more efficient mechanism of transfer of aerodynamic energy to the vocal fold vibrations has been identified in the vertical phase differences (mucosal waves) making the glottal shape more convergent during glottis opening than during glottis closing. Along with other discoveries, these findings form the basis of our current understanding of MEAD.
- MeSH
- Acoustics MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Phonation * MeSH
- Glottis * MeSH
- Vocal Cords MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Vibration MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
Cíl: Účelem této studie je určit účinek použití aplikace buzzy k analýze úzkosti a bolesti u dětí s rakovinou během infuze. Metodika: Toto je randomizovaná kontrolní studie zahrnující vzorek 53 dětí s rakovinou (ve věku 3-18 let), u kterých je plánována infuze. Studie byla provedena v dětské chemoterapeutické místnosti. Data byla získána pomocí dotazníku s biografickými údaji pacienta, aplikace buzzy a infuzní jehly. K měření bolesti a úzkosti byl použit nástroj Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale. Měření úzkosti u skupiny buzzy a kontrolních skupin bylo prováděno před a po zavedení, zatímco bolest byla měřena při zavádění infuzní jehly. Intervenční skupina dostala aplikaci buzzy 15 sekund před infuzí, která se dále udržovala po dobu 3 minut po bodnutí. K analýze dat byl použit T-test, pro stanovení skóre bolesti bylo použito párového vzorku T-testu a pro stanovení skóre úzkosti bylo použito nezávislého vzorku T-testu na úrovni <0,05. Výsledky: Statistiky ukázaly významný rozdíl p = 0,001 v úzkosti a bolesti mezi aplikací buzzy a kontrolní skupinou. Rozdíl v průměrné úzkosti ve skupině buzzy (4,37 ± 1,30) byl větší než v kontrolní skupině (2,24 ± 0,77). Mezitím byla bolest v buzzy skupině nižší než v kontrolní skupině, skóre bolesti bylo hlášeno dětmi, které také pozorovala sestra. Závěr: Použití aplikace buzzy během infuze účinně snižuje úzkost a bolest u dětí s rakovinou.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using the buzzy application on the level of the anxiety and pain in children with cancer during infusion. Methods: This is a randomized control trial study comprising of a sample of 53 children with cancer (aged 3-18 years) scheduled to be given infusion. The study was conducted in a children's chemotherapy ward. Data were obtained using a patient biographical data questionnaire, the buzzy application, and an infusion needle. The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale instrument was used to measure pain and anxiety. The measurement of anxiety in the buzzy and control groups was carried out before and after the insertion while the pain was measured at the insertion of the infusion needle. The intervention group received buzzy 15 seconds before infusion, which is further maintained for 3 minutes after stabbing. Data analysis was used T-test, pain score used paired sample T-test and anxiety score used independent sample T-test significant at <0.05. Results: Statistics showed a significant difference of p = 0.001 in anxiety and pain between the buzzy and control groups. The difference in mean anxiety in the buzzy group (4.37 ± 1.30) was greater than the control group (2.24 ± 0.77). Meanwhile, pain in the buzzy group was lower than the control group, the pain score was reported by the children and also observed by the nurse. Conclusions: The use of buzzy during infusion effectively reduces anxiety and pain in children with cancer.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Cryotherapy methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pain Management * methods MeSH
- Pain Measurement methods MeSH
- Catheterization, Peripheral adverse effects MeSH
- Pain, Procedural MeSH
- Anxiety MeSH
- Vibration therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
PURPOSE: Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (LHSV) has been recognized as a highly valuable modality for the scientific investigations of vocal fold (VF) vibrations. In contrast to stroboscopic imaging, LHSV enables visualizing aperiodic VF vibrations. However, the technique is less well established in the clinical care of disordered voices, partly because the properties of aperiodic vibration patterns are not yet described comprehensively. To address this, a computer model for simulation of VF vibration patterns observed in a variety of different phonation types is proposed. METHOD: A previously published kinematic model of mucosal wave phenomena is generalized to be capable of left-right asymmetry and to simulate endoscopic videos instead of only kymograms of VF vibrations at single sagittal positions. The most influential control parameters are the glottal halfwidths, the oscillation frequencies, the amplitudes, and the phase delays. RESULTS: The presented videos demonstrate zipper-like vibration, pressed voice, voice onset, constant and time-varying left-right and anterior-posterior phase differences, as well as left-right frequency differences of the VF vibration. Video frames, videokymograms, phonovibrograms, glottal area waveforms, and waveforms of VF contact area relating to electroglottograms are shown, as well as selected kinematic parameters. CONCLUSION: The presented videos demonstrate the ability to produce vibration patterns that are similar to those typically seen in endoscopic videos obtained from vocally healthy and dysphonic speakers. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20151833.
- MeSH
- Video Recording MeSH
- Phonation MeSH
- Vocal Cords * diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Laryngoscopy MeSH
- Larynx * diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Vibration MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
