Human parvovirus 4 (PARV4, family Parvoviridae, genus Tetraparvovirus) displays puzzling features, such as uncertain clinical importance/significance, unclear routes of transmission, and discontinuous geographical distribution. The origin, or the general reservoir, of human PARV4 infection is unknown. We aimed to detect and characterize PARV4 virus in faecal samples collected from two wild chimpanzee populations and 19 species of captive non-human primates. We aimed to investigate these species as a potential reservoir and alternate route of transmission on the African continent. From almost 500 samples screened, a single wild Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii sample tested positive. Full genome analysis, as well as single ORF phylogenies, confirmed species-specific PARV4 infection.
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- infekce viry z čeledi Parvoviridae přenos veterinární virologie MeSH
- nemoci primátů přenos virologie MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- Pan troglodytes MeSH
- Parvovirinae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
An overview of the rabies situation in the 19 countries of Central and Eastern Europe covering more than 2.5 million km2 is presented. In 2005, 6,500 cases of rabies were registered in this region with 31% in domestic animals and 69% in wild animals. Rabies was found in a limited number of dogs in 10 countries, and sporadically in three countries with seven cases in bats. A similar situation existed in 2006. Rabies is very rare in humans: 2 cases were reported in Belarus in 2006. Around 40,000 people are treated yearly due to rabies exposure. The main vector and reservoir is the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), with a 50% incidence in positive findings. The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is another significant vector, mainly in the Baltics. Oral vaccination is used in varying degrees in 10 countries, with promising results. Two countries are currently rabies free, and several others are close to being rabies-free. An unfavourable situation remains mainly in the Baltics and nearby eastern countries, and also in some Balkan regions. All countries studied have national reference laboratories, appropriate legislation, and rabies as a notifiable disease.
- MeSH
- Chiroptera virologie MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata virologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lišky virologie MeSH
- psi MeSH
- psík mývalovitý virologie MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie prevence a kontrola veterinární MeSH
- vakcína proti vzteklině aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- zdroje nemoci veterinární virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- východní Evropa MeSH
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata virologie MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie prevence a kontrola veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata virologie MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- zdroje nemoci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- encefalitida virová epidemiologie etiologie patologie MeSH
- epidemiologické metody MeSH
- infekce viry rodu Respirovirus epidemiologie krev patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- moč virologie MeSH
- prasata virologie MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zdroje nemoci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata virologie MeSH
- rabies epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
