Podľa údajov Svetovej zdravotníckej organizácie (WHO) asi 40 % žien trpí nadváhou a 15 % žien trpí obezitou, čo sa premieta aj do charakteru zdravotných komplikácií, ktoré musí v súčasnosti riešiť gynekológ a pôrodník a ktoré si vyžadujú špecifický manažment v porovnaní so ženami bez obezity.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 40% of women are preobesity and 15% are obese, which translates into the nature of the health complications that gynecologists and obstetricians currently have to deal with, which require specific management compared to women without obesity.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru metody MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku diagnóza patologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- nádory endometria diagnóza patologie MeSH
- nádory prsu diagnóza patologie MeSH
- nádory vaječníků diagnóza patologie MeSH
- obezita v těhotenství komplikace MeSH
- obezita * komplikace MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- gama sonda, magnetická detekce sentinelové uzliny,
- MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfoscintigrafie metody MeSH
- melanom diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza MeSH
- methylenová modř aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- nádory prsu diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza MeSH
- sentinelová uzlina * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Background: Papillary lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group, encompassing a wide range of lesions. The histologic distinction between papillary breast lesions remains challenging, especially on core biopsy specimens. Aim: This study aimed to determine the rate of upgrade to atypia or malignancy of biopsy-proven papillary lesions on surgical follow-up and to assess for factors associated with an upgrade in Greater Vancouver, BC, Canada. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective population-based study of all breast papillary lesions diagnosed on core biopsy between 2017 and 2019 in the Fraser Health Authority in Greater Vancouver, Canada. Patients were retrieved from the laboratory information system. Patient demographics, histopathologic, and radiologic findings were analyzed. Results: A total of 269 specimens from 269 patients (mean 61.1 years), including 265 female and 4 male patients, were included in the study. Of the 269 specimens, 129 (48%) were intraductal papillomas and 140 (52%) were atypical papillary lesions. The overall upgrade rate among papillomas was 11.6% (15 of 129) on final excision. The mean age of patients diagnosed with papilloma on core biopsy was significantly younger than those with atypical papillary lesions (55.6 vs 66.1 years, P < .0001). Lesion size in patients with papillomas on core biopsy was significantly smaller than those with atypical papillary lesions (11.1 vs 15.1 mm, P = .001). The upgrade rates in patients <55 and ≥55 years were 4.9% and 13.2%. Size (P = .004) and atypia on core biopsy (P = .009) were significantly associated with upgrade. Older age (>55 years) (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.04-27.08) was an independent predictor of upgrade among papillomas. Size, location, and Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) radiologic categories in our study were not associated with predicting the upgrade of papillomas. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the risk of upgrade to atypia or malignancy is sufficient to warrant the excision of benign papillomas of any size in patients aged ≥55 years. In patients younger than 55 years, observation with close clinical and radiological follow-up without surgery may be sufficient. Our findings also support surgical excision of papillomas diagnosed on core biopsy when associated with atypia.
- MeSH
- biopsie dutou jehlou MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza MeSH
- papilom * patologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Kanada MeSH
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru MeSH
- chování snižující riziko MeSH
- dědičné nádorové syndromy * MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza genetika prevence a kontrola MeSH
- nádory vaječníků * diagnóza epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
- MeSH
- fertilizace in vitro MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- genetické testování MeSH
- geny BRCA1 MeSH
- geny BRCA2 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- webová vysílání jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
Women's most frequent type of cancer is breast cancer, second only to lung cancer. This paper summarizes changes in genomics and epigenetics and incremental biological activities. A tumour develops through a series of phases involving a separate abnormal gene. Even though many diseases cause DNA mutations, most treatments are designed to relieve symptoms rather than change the DNA. Clustering short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) or Cas9 is the primary approach for discovering and confirming tumorigenic genomic targets. A Kohonen neural network with an expression programming model was developed for gene selection. The main problem in genetic selection is reducing the number of features chosen while maintaining accuracy. This purpose is accomplished systematically. In the end, the approach method performed better than the existing quantum squirrel-inspired algorithm and the recurrent neural network oppositional call search algorithm for genetic selection. The KNNet-EPM model used an expression programming approach to identify gene biomarkers for breast cancer. This method was achieved with RAE of 42%, sensitivity of 93%, f1 score of 88%, accuracy of 98%, kappa score of 83%, specificity of 92% and MAE of 30%.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- karcinogeneze MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory plic * MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza genetika MeSH
- umělá inteligence MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- trastuzumab, pertuzumab, pembrolizumab, studie FeDeriCa, studie PHeanceSCa, studie KEYNOTE-522,
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- kombinovaná protilátková terapie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prsu * chirurgie diagnóza farmakoterapie radioterapie MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie * metody MeSH
- patologická kompletní odpověď MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Cancer cells have a special energy metabolism that enables them to multiply quickly. Under normal oxygen conditions, the Warburg effect is a distinguishing aspect of cancer metabolism in which anaerobic glycolysis is favored. Enhanced glycolysis also helps to produce nucleotides, amino acids, lipids, and folic acid, all of which are necessary for cancer cell division. In a variety of metabolic processes, including glycolysis, the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) mediates redox reactions. NAD levels that are higher promote glycolysis and supply energy to cancer cells. NAD metabolism, like energy metabolism, is linked in cancer genesis and could be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this research, NAD-consuming enzymes, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and SIRT1, have been investigated in breast cancer patients, in addition to detect the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and vitamin K levels. Sixty participants were enrolled in this study, 30 women with breast cancer and 30 controls. Serum were analysed for determination of the levels of PARP1, SIRT1, MDA, SOD, and vitamin K. The results showed a drop in the expression levels of PARP and that was concomitant with the elevation in the expression levels of SIRT1 and MDA, in addition to the drop in SOD and vitamin K levels. These findings suggest that SIRT1 might be the most NAD-consuming enzyme in cancerous cells rather than PARP (the DNA repair enzyme), and this increase in MDA with the drop in SOD and vitamin K might be associated with the increase in cell proliferation and a decrease in apoptotic cell death. Finally, this study could be used as a treatment option for patients with breast cancer. could be used as a treatment option for patients with breast cancer.
- MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- NAD metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery analýza MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza patologie MeSH
- poly-ADP-ribóza-polymeráza 1 analýza metabolismus MeSH
- sirtuin 1 analýza metabolismus MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa analýza metabolismus MeSH
- vitamin K analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
Tento článek sumarizuje současná data týkající se použití olaparibu v terapii metastazujícího karcinomu prsu u pacientů s mutací v genech BRCA1, BRCA2: jeho mechanismus účinku, zásadní registrační studii OlympiAD, výsledky finální analýzy LUCY, jež hodnotila olaparib v klinické praxi, a také recentní data z adjuvantní studie OlympiA, na jejichž podkladě byl olaparib nově zařazen do mezinárodních léčebných postupů jako první cílený lék v terapii časného karcinomu prsu s mutací BRCA.
This article summarizes current data regarding the use of olaparib in metastatic breast cancer in patients with a BRCA1, BRCA2 mutation, its mechanism of action, data from the main registration study OlympiAD, final analysis of LUCY, which evaluated olaparib in clinical practice, and also recent results from the adjuvant study OlympiA, based on its results olaparib was included in treatment guidelines internationally as the first targeted drug in the therapy of early breast cancer with BRCA mutation.
- Klíčová slova
- olaparib,
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie MeSH
- cisplatina terapeutické užití MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- geny BRCA1 MeSH
- geny BRCA2 MeSH
- inhibiční proteiny cyklin-dependentních kinas terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- nádory závislé na hormonech MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie MeSH
- PARP inhibitory škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- zárodečné mutace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
