Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed in photosystem II (PSII) under various types of abiotic and biotic stresses. It is considered that ROS play a role in chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling, which changes the nuclear gene expression. However, as ROS lifetime and diffusion are restricted due to the high reactivity towards biomolecules (lipids, pigments, and proteins) and the spatial specificity of signal transduction is low, it is not entirely clear how ROS might transduce signal from the chloroplasts to the nucleus. Biomolecule oxidation was formerly connected solely with damage; nevertheless, the evidence appears that oxidatively modified lipids and pigments are be involved in chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling due to their long diffusion distance. Moreover, oxidatively modified proteins show high spatial specificity; however, their role in signal transduction from chloroplasts to the nucleus has not been proven yet. The review attempts to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the involvement of ROS in oxidative signaling in PSII.

• Klíčová slova
• Chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling, Lipid peroxidation, Protein oxidation, Reactive oxygen species,
• MeSH
• chloroplasty * metabolismus   MeSH
• fotosystém II (proteinový komplex) * metabolismus   MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fotosystém II (proteinový komplex) * MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH