Introduction Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
In the framework of a regional collaborative project between authorities and scientists, evidence was found of repeated introduction of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) alongside the main road entrances (E461 and E65) connecting Austria and the Slovak Republic with the Czech Republic. In comparison to data from 2012 (17 specimens collected on three occasions), the seasons 2016 (66 specimens on ten occasions) and 2017 (90 specimens on eight occasions) show an apparent increase of introduction events as well as of mosquito numbers and underline the need for more intense surveillance activities.
- Klíčová slova
- Aedes albopictus, Import, Introduction, Invasive vector,
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- entomologie * MeSH
- hmyz - vektory MeSH
- zavlečené druhy * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- kolaterální oběh MeSH
- koronární cirkulace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obstrukční plicní nemoci patofyziologie MeSH
- plicní edém patofyziologie MeSH
- plicní embolie patofyziologie MeSH
- plicní hypertenze patofyziologie MeSH
- plicní oběh * MeSH
- tělesná námaha MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
An introduction to the Nanoscale and Journal of Materials Chemistry B themed collection on micro- and nano-motors that features a series of articles discussing the virtue of their small size and controllable mobility, while highlighting the revolutionary potential applications.
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza krev diagnóza MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- hypertriglyceridemie krev diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mediátory zánětu krev MeSH
- triglyceridy krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodní články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické markery MeSH
- mediátory zánětu MeSH
- triglyceridy MeSH
This article provides an introduction to peritoneal tumors, which are the subject of a series of review papers published in Issue 5 (2019) of Klinicka onkologie. Many malignant peritoneal tumors are characterized by production of mucinous and gelatinous masses, multiple peritoneal disability, so-called peritoneal carcinomatosis, and various grades of malignancy depending on their origin, staging, and histological type. Malignant peritoneal tumors are rare and their clinical symptomatology is nonspecific and varies according to the extent of disability. Diagnosis, particularly in the initial asymptomatic stages, is very complicated and often impossible, and tumors are often diagnosed by chance during other operations. Malignant peritoneal tumors were regarded as incurable and lethal for a long time; however, this view has changed over the past three decades. The Sugarbaker method, a combination of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, was introduced in the 1990s. Postoperative cytostatic lavage is usually performed in specific cases. Classifications for the extent of disease and completeness of cytoreduction were established. Studies repeatedly confirmed the efficacy of this treatment for peritoneal malignancy. The combination of an aggressive surgical approach and intraperitoneal chemotherapy not only enhances quality of life, but also prolongs progression-free survival and overall survival in selected patients. Specialized centers for treatment of peritoneal malignancy were established based on results from the Czech Republic and around the world. These centers provide complex care, including specific surgical interventions and follow-up, for selected patients with primary and secondary peritoneal malignancy.
- Klíčová slova
- cytoreductive surgery, intraperitoneal chemotherapy, peritoneal metastases, peritoneal tumors,
- MeSH
- cytoredukční chirurgie MeSH
- indukovaná hypertermie MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- peritoneální nádory * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- úvodní články MeSH
A short introduction to the description of in vivo (1)H MR spectra is given. The parameters important for successful measurement and interpretation of spectra are discussed. Basic metabolites visible in proton MR spectra are described and the attention is paid to N acetylaspartate, creatine and cholines.
- MeSH
- cholin metabolismus MeSH
- kreatin metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina aspartová metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- mozek - chemie * MeSH
- mozek metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cholin MeSH
- kreatin MeSH
- kyselina aspartová MeSH
The quality of data measured in in vivo MR spectroscopy is often insufficient due to a number of limitations such as low concentrations of observed metabolites and restricted measurement time resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio. However, there are a variety of methods called post-processing techniques which allow the enhancement of the measured signal after measurement. In this review an introduction to the most important post-processing techniques for (1)H MR spectroscopy is given and practical examples are shown. In the first section the concept of FID and spectrum is introduced and the relationship between FID and spectrum is explained. Subsequently, the objectives and description of the following post-processing techniques are provided: eddy current correction, removal of an unwanted component (water), signal filtering for various purposes, zero filling, phase correction and baseline correction.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- artefakty MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- počítačové zpracování signálu * MeSH
- tělesná voda metabolismus MeSH
- vylepšení obrazu metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
