The introduction of hybrid PET/MRI imaging using integrated systems into clinical practice has opened up the possibility of reducing the radiation dose from hybrid imaging by eliminating the contribution from computed tomography. Studies comparing the possibilities of PET/CT and PET/MRI imaging demonstrated it is possible to use the advantages of the high contrast resolution of magnetic resonance for soft tissue and bone marrow along with PET records in a quality comparable to PET/CT imaging. The significant feature for PET imaging in Hodgkińs lymphoma is that it is a tissue with high levels of radiopharmaceutical accumulation, which decreases proportionally after successful therapeutic effect, the effect of therapy is assessed using Deauville score system on interim examinations. While the efficacy of prognosis determined using the Deauville scale in HL is widely accepted, it turns out that in DLBCL, the prognostic value of PET imaging is bound to the evaluation of subtypes. PET/MRI scanning can be used to evaluate a relapse if follicular lymphoma has already been treated, or to confirm transformation into more aggressive forms. In children and adults with Burkitt's lymphoma, negative findings after induction therapy have a high negative predictive value for relapse prognosis.

• Klíčová slova
• Deauville score, Fluorodeoxyglucose, Hybrid imaging, Lymphoma, PET/MRI,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfom diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Ultrasound and CT angiography are common diagnostic methods of abdominal aortic pathologies. In the last decade, hybrid methods (PET/CT, PET/MRI) have become more common in this diagnostic algorithm. Originally they were indicated in malignancies or inflammatory processes. Currently, efforts are developed to visualize possible local inflammatory activity in the aortic wall and thus to assess a certain “disease activity” with the goal to anticipate further development of aortic pathology. The aim of our study was to analyze potential benefits of hybrid methods in predicting abdominal aortic pathology progression. METHODS: In this prospective, open-label, observational study we examined 75 patients referred to PET/CT (N=61) or PET/MRI (N=14) due to any aortic pathology in 2015-2017. The patients included those with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) (N=48; 64%), aortitis (N=5; 6.7%), aortic dissection (N=4; 5.3%), patients undergoing EVAR (N=6; 8%), patients with excessive atherosclerosis (N=7; 9.3%), patients with concomitant AAA and retroperitoneal fibrosis (N=4; 5.3%) and patient with an intramural hematoma (N=1; 1.3%). The minimum follow-up period was 6 months (0.5-2.5 years). Clinical symptoms, aortic diameter, growth rate and CRP levels were analyzed during the follow-up and correlation with PET/CT or PET/MRI findings was evaluated. RESULTS: Increased metabolic activity in the aorta was found in 25 of the 75 examined patients (33.3%). Based on statistical analysis there were no associations between increased activity based on PET/CT or PET/MRI in the aortic wall and disease symptoms or progression. CONCLUSION: Our results provide no evidence that hybrid methods can predict further development of pathological findings in the abdominal aorta. PET/CT- or PET/MRI-based activity did not correlate with disease symptoms, AAA progression rate or dissection, either. Our results are also supported by some recent literature data.

• Klíčová slova
• Aorta, PET/CT, PET/MRI, aneurysm, dissection,
• MeSH
• aneurysma břišní aorty * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• aorta abdominalis diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• PET/CT * MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

The introduction of integrated PET/MRI imaging combining full magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography is a new milestone in tissue imaging. As usual innovations in clinical practice generate new dilemmas. The questions it poses are: when to use PET/MRI scanning, what radiopharmaceutical to use and how to optimize examination protocols. A range of new radiopharmaceuticals, in addition to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), are now available for assessing and characterizing tissues.

• Klíčová slova
• Hybrid imaging, Multiparametric imaging, PET/MRI,
• MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• úvodníky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH

18F-FDG PET/MRI might be the diagnostic method of choice for Hodgkin lymphoma patients, as it combines significant metabolic information from PET with excellent soft-tissue contrast from MRI and avoids radiation exposure from CT. However, a major issue is longer examination times than for PET/CT, especially for younger children needing anesthesia. Thus, a targeted selection of suitable whole-body MRI sequences is important to optimize the PET/MRI workflow. Methods: The initial PET/MRI scans of 84 EuroNet-PHL-C2 study patients from 13 international PET centers were evaluated. In each available MRI sequence, 5 PET-positive lymph nodes were assessed. If extranodal involvement occurred, 2 splenic lesions, 2 skeletal lesions, and 2 lung lesions were also assessed. A detection rate was calculated dividing the number of visible, anatomically assignable, and measurable lesions in the respective MRI sequence by the total number of lesions. Results: Relaxation time-weighted (T2w) transverse sequences with fat saturation (fs) yielded the best result, with detection rates of 95% for nodal lesions, 62% for splenic lesions, 94% for skeletal lesions, and 83% for lung lesions, followed by T2w transverse sequences without fs (86%, 49%, 16%, and 59%, respectively) and longitudinal relaxation time-weighted contrast-enhanced transverse sequences with fs (74%, 35%, 57%, and 55%, respectively). Conclusion: T2w transverse sequences with fs yielded the highest detection rates and are well suited for accurate whole-body PET/MRI in lymphoma patients. There is no evidence to recommend the use of contrast agents.

• Klíčová slova
• Hodgkin lymphoma, MRI sequences, PET/MRI, whole-body imaging,
• MeSH
• celotělové zobrazování metody   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance metody   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 MeSH
• Hodgkinova nemoc * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• nemoci kostí * MeSH
• PET/CT MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• průběh práce MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH

The introduction of the integrated hybrid PET/MRI equipment creates the possibility to perform PET and MRI simultaneously. Depending on the clinical question, the metabolic conversion to glycolytic activity or beta-oxidation is performed before the application of FDG. Since FDG aids to evaluate the energetic metabolism of the myocytes and myocardial MRI reaches the imaging capabilities of perfusion and tissue characterization in the daily routine, FDG-PET/MRI looks to be a promising method of PET/MRI exploitation in cardiac imaging. When myocardial FDG uptake should be evaluated in association with the perfusion distribution, the cross-evaluation of FDG accumulation distribution and perfusion distribution pattern is necessary. The different scenarios may be used in the assessment of myocardium, the conversion to glycolytic activity is used in the imaging of the viable myocardium, but the glycolytic activity suppression might be used in the indications of the identification of injured myocardium by ischemia or inflammation. FDG-PET/MRI might aid to answer the clinical tasks according to the structure, current function and possibilities to improve the function in ischemic heart disease or to display the extent or activity of myocardial inflammation in sarcoidosis. The tight coupling between metabolism, perfusion and contractile function offers an opportunity for the simultaneous assessment of cardiac performance using one imaging modality.

• Klíčová slova
• Fluorodeoxyglucose, Myocardium, PET/MRI, Positron emission tomography,
• MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• nemoci srdce diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH
• srdce diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH

Hybrid imaging using various radiopharmaceuticals is currently essential not only in detection and therapy response monitoring of tumors, but also in assessment of inflammatory or systemic diseases. Combination of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is still relatively new method with great prospects of comprehensive assessment using anatomical and multiple functional information. However, benefits of PET/MRI in thorax, abdomen and retroperitoneum are not completely defined. Breathing movements affect imaging of thoracic, abdominal and retroperitoneal organs and pathological structures using PET and MRI. Fast MRI sequences are performed using breath-hold technique; however, acquisition of longer sequences and PET scanning need to be breathing-synchronized. Review article summarizes concrete PET/MRI protocols and importance of concrete MRI sequences and radiopharmaceuticals in different pathological lesions with focus on benefit of breathing-synchronized techniques.

• Klíčová slova
• Hybrid imaging, Oncologic imaging, PET/MRI,
• MeSH
• břicho diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dýchání * MeSH
• hrudník diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zadržování dechu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

A combination of morphological imaging of the brain with microstructural and functional imaging provides a comprehensive overview of the properties of individual tissues. While diffusion weighted imaging provides information about tissue cellularity, spectroscopic imaging allows us to evaluate the integrity of neurons and possible anaerobic glycolysis during tumor hypoxia, in addition to the presence of accelerated synthesis or degradation of cellular membranes; on the other hand, PET metabolic imaging is used to evaluate major metabolic pathways, determining the overall extent of the tumor (18F-FET, 18F-FDOPA, 18F-FCH) or the degree of differentiation (18F-FDG, 18F-FLT, 18F-FDOPA and 18F-FET). Multi-parameter analysis of tissue characteristics and determination of the phenotype of the tumor tissue is a natural advantage of PET/MRI scanning. The disadvantages are higher cost and limited availability in all centers with neuro-oncology surgery. PET/MRI scanning of brain tumors is one of the most promising indications since the earliest experiments with integrated PET/MRI imaging systems, and along with hybrid imaging of neurodegenerative diseases, represent a new direction in the development of neuroradiology on the path towards comprehensive imaging at the molecular level.

• Klíčová slova
• Brain tumors, Hybrid imaging, Multiparametric imaging, PET/MRI, Positron emission tomography,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• multimodální zobrazování metody   MeSH
• nádory mozku diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie metody   MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radiofarmaka * MeSH

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the yields of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG-PET/MRI) and 18F-FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) for the detection of metastatic involvement of locoregional neck nodes in patients with head and neck malignancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 90 patients (66 men and 24 women) met the inclusion criteria. Preoperative staging was performed: 53 examinations using PET/CT and 37 using PET/MRI. RESULTS: For PET/MRI, the study demonstrated a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 64%, positive predictive value of 85%, and negative predictive value of 70%; PET/CT had a sensitivity of 95%, specificity 47%, positive predictive value of 82%, and negative predictive value of 78%. CONCLUSION: Both methods have a high yield in N-clinical staging with statistically insignificant differences. We assume PET/MRI to be the first-choice method in organ-targeted examinations, for pediatric patients and repeat examinations. In cases of MRI contraindication, PET/CT can be used with no impact on the quality of care.

• Klíčová slova
• Head and neck tumours, PET/CT, PET/MRI, cancer staging, hybrid imaging, lymph node,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• PET/CT * MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH

Perfusion dynamics play a vital role in delivering essential nutrients and oxygen to tissues while removing metabolic waste products. Imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) use contrast agents to visualize perfusion and clearance patterns; however, each technique has specific limitations. Hybrid PET/MRI combines the quantitative power and sensitivity of PET with the high functional and anatomical detail of MRI and holds great promise for precision in molecular imaging. However, the development of dual PET/MRI probes has been hampered by challenging synthesis and radiolabeling. Here, we present a novel PET/MRI probe, [18F][Gd(FL1)], which exhibits excellent stability comparable to macrocyclic MRI contrast agents used in clinical practice. The unique molecular design of [18F][Gd(FL1)] allows selective and expeditious radiolabeling of the gadolinium chelate in the final synthetic step. Leveraging the strengths of MRI and PET signals, the probe enables quantitative in vivo mapping of perfusion and excretion dynamics through an innovative voxel-based analysis. The diagnostic capabilities of [18F][Gd(FL1)] were demonstrated in a pilot study on healthy mice, successfully detecting early cases of unilateral renal dysfunction, a condition that is typically challenging to diagnose. This study introduces a new approach for PET/MRI and emphasizes a streamlined probe design for practical synthesis and improved diagnostic accuracy.

• Klíčová slova
• cancer, fluorine 18, gadolinium, hybrid PET/MRI, imaging agents,
• MeSH
• gadolinium chemie   MeSH
• kontrastní látky * chemie   chemická syntéza   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• makrocyklické sloučeniny * chemie   chemická syntéza   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• perfuzní zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie * MeSH
• radioizotopy fluoru chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• gadolinium MeSH
• kontrastní látky * MeSH
• makrocyklické sloučeniny * MeSH
• radioizotopy fluoru MeSH

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a state-of-the-art diagnostic method of nuclear medicine, used for diagnostics of many pathological states in the organism, first and foremost in oncological issues. The first analysis of utilization and potential utilization of PET in the Czech Republic was published in 2013. In the following years, there was a sharp increase in a number of PET/CT and PET/MRI scanners in the country; in 2013-2021, it doubled. Simultaneously with the increase in scans performed, the range of available radiopharmaceuticals also broadened. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyses the numbers and structure of PET, PET/CT and PET/MRI scans in the 2013-2021 period, using the pseudonymized data acquired from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic. The data was evaluated through a series of qualitative and quantitative indicators (number of scans performed, structure of diagnoses, use of different tracers, and availability of a scan for a patient). RESULTS: In the observed interval of time, the number of scans performed practically doubled, both thanks to more scanners installed and more radiopharmaceuticals available. The percentage of oncological and non-oncological scans remains more or less the same. Nevertheless, the regional differences in a number of scans performed persist, as does the availability of the scan for patients. CONCLUSION: PET is still a dynamically developing molecular imaging method in the Czech Republic. The analysis of a number and structure of scans performed offers a priceless overview of the development of the method over the years, in regard to diagnoses, utilization of individual radiopharmaceuticals or geographic distribution of scans performed. The observed findings are a motivation for further analyses.

• Klíčová slova
• radiopharmaceuticals, Positron emission tomography, nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography, radiopharmaceuticals,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• PET/CT * metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• radiofarmaka MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radiofarmaka MeSH