Micropropagation of Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch. and C.A. Mey was used as a model system to study the influence of cytokinins (CKs) on plant regeneration and biochemical accumulation of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in organ and callus cultures and their antioxidant activity. Fourteen free phenolic acids were detected using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) while antioxidant activity was evaluated using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Cytokinins had a significant effect on the biochemical accumulation of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in H. hemerocallidea organ cultures. In particular, meta-topolin-treated organ cultures produced high concentrations of gallic, protocatechuic, gentisic, p-hydroxybenzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic, salicylic, chlorogenic and trans-cinnamic acids. The isoprenoid CK, N(6)-(2-isopentenyl)-adenine significantly increased the accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, namely, caffeic, p-coumaric, sinapic and ferulic acids. Cytokinin-treated organ cultures exhibited a significant increase in antioxidant activity, particularly in the ORAC model. In callus cultures, CKs decreased the concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and antioxidant activity when compared to the control. Overall, both CK type and concentration had a significant effect on plant regeneration, callus proliferation, biochemical accumulation of free phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of the resultant extracts.

• Klíčová slova
• Antioxidants, Hydroxybenzoic acids, Hydroxycinnamic acids, Hypoxidaceae, Organogenesis, Secondary metabolites,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• bifenylové sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• cytokininy farmakologie   MeSH
• fenoly metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Hypoxis růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• isopentenyladenosin farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• pikráty metabolismus   MeSH
• regenerace MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin farmakologie   MeSH
• somatická embryogeneze rostlin MeSH
• stavba rostlin růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl MeSH Prohlížeč
• antioxidancia MeSH
• bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
• cytokininy MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• isopentenyladenosin MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• N(6)-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine MeSH Prohlížeč
• pikráty MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin MeSH

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární MeSH
• kořeny rostlin chemie   MeSH
• kyselina chlorogenová analýza   MeSH
• kyseliny kávové analýza   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové analýza   MeSH
• léčivé rostliny chemie   MeSH
• methanol MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• rozpouštědla MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• caffeic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• ferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• kyselina chlorogenová MeSH
• kyseliny kávové MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• methanol MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• rozpouštědla MeSH

Peptide samples derived from enzymatic in-gel digestion of proteins resolved by gel electrophoresis often contain high amount of salts originating from reaction and separation buffers. Different methods are used for desalting prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS), e.g. reversed-phase pipette tip purification, on-target washing, adding co-matrices, etc. As a suitable matrix for MALDI MS of peptides, alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) is frequently used. Crystalline CHCA shows the ability to bind peptides on its surface and because it is almost insoluble in acidic water solutions, the on-target washing of peptide samples can significantly improve MALDI MS signals. Although the common on-target washing represents a simple, cheap and fast procedure, only a small portion of the available peptide solution is efficiently used for the subsequent MS analysis. The present approach is a combination of the on-target washing principle carried out in a narrow-end pipette tip (e.g. GELoader tip) and preconcentration of peptides from acidified solution by passing it through small CHCA crystals captured inside the tip on a glass microfiber frit. The results of MALDI MS analysis using CHCA-tip peptide preconcentration are comparable with the use of homemade POROS R2 pipette tip microcolumns. Advantages and limitations of this approach are discussed.

• MeSH
• chemická frakcionace metody   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové chemie   MeSH
• peptidy * chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• soli chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice metody   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate MeSH Prohlížeč
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• peptidy * MeSH
• soli MeSH

Hydroxycinnamates are common phenolic compounds of plants and plant foods, often found in substantial quantities. Due to their high in vitro antioxidant activity they can easily be oxidized under oxidative conditions. In this study, we found that in vitro oxidation of coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acids resulted mainly in dimeric compounds. We hypothesized that these dimers are present in plants and plant foods not only in their bound form but also as free acids that can be extracted from non-hydrolyzed samples. By applying sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method, we were able to identify and quantify four free hydroxycinnamic acid dimers for the first time, namely 8-8'-disinapic, 8-5'-diferulic, 8-O-4'-diferulic and 8-3'-dicoumaric acids, in wheat sprouts, Chinese cabbage, millet sprouts, light beer and parsley. Concentrations of dicinnamates in plant tissues ranged from 0.05 to 2.8 μg g(-1) DW and the monomer:dimer ratio ranged from 2 to 850.

• Klíčová slova
• Food, Hydroxycinnamic and dicinnamic acids, Liquid chromatography, Mass spectrometry, Oxidative coupling, Phenylpropanoids, Plant,
• MeSH
• antioxidancia chemie   MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• cinnamáty chemie   MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• fenylpropionáty chemie   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové chemie   MeSH
• kyslík chemie   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• potraviny MeSH
• pšenice chemie   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• traviny s jedlými semeny chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-phenylpropionic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• antioxidancia MeSH
• cinnamáty MeSH
• cinnamic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• diferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• fenoly MeSH
• fenylpropionáty MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• kyslík MeSH
• sinapinic acid MeSH Prohlížeč

Cancer cells generally possess higher levels of reactive oxygen species than normal cells, and this can serve as a possible therapeutic target. In this proof-of-concept study, an antioxidant-inspired drug discovery strategy was evaluated using a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative. The processing of oxidized mixtures of p-coumaric acid methyl ester (pcm) revealed a new antitumor lead, graviquinone. Graviquinone bypassed ABCB1-mediated resistance, induced DNA damage in lung carcinoma cells but exerted DNA protective activity in normal keratinocytes, and modulated DNA damage response in MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxic effect of pcm in MCF-7 cells was potentiated under H2O2-induced oxidative stress, and the formation of graviquinone was confirmed by Fenton's reaction on pcm. In silico density functional theory calculations suggested graviquinone as a kinetic product of pcm-scavenging •OH radicals. Our results demonstrate the pharmacological value of an in situ-formed, oxidative stress-related metabolite of an antioxidant. This might be of particular importance for designing new strategies for antioxidant-based drug discovery.

• MeSH
• chemorezistence účinky léků   MeSH
• cyklohexanony farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál chemie   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové chemie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• objevování léků MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 4-coumaric acid methyl ester MeSH Prohlížeč
• cyklohexanony MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů MeSH

An online accumulation/mobilization preconcentration technique based on a dynamic pH junction technique and electrokinetic injection was employed for analysis of phenolic acids (sinapic, ferulic, coumarinic, caffeic, syringic, vanillic, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in extracts from Majorana hortensis leaves. Samples were extracted by pressurized solvent extraction with acetone at 150 degrees C and 15 MPa. The capillary electrophoretic method employed 50 mmol.L (-1) sodium borate, pH 9.5, as the sample electrolyte, 50 mmol.L (-1) sodium phosphate, pH 2.5, as the background electrolyte, and 50 mmol.L (-1) sodium phosphate, pH 2.5, with 60 mmol.L (-1) sodium dodecyl sulfate as the mobilization electrolyte. The method allowed 720-fold to 5560-fold preconcentration of the phenolic acids during 30 min of electrokinetic accumulation with detection limits from 0.38 to 4.22 ng.mL (-1).

• MeSH
• boritany MeSH
• dobromysl (rod) chemie   MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární metody   MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty analýza   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové analýza   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• boritany MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• sodium borate MeSH Prohlížeč

Complete separation of aglycones and glucosides of selected isoflavones (genistin, genistein, daidzin, daidzein, glycitin, glycitein, ononin, sissotrin, formononetin, and biochanin A) was possible in 1.5 min using an ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (U-HPLC) on a different particular chemically modified stationary phases with a particle size under 2 microm. In addition, selected separation conditions for simultaneous determination of isoflavones together with a group of phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acid) allowed separation of all 19 compounds in 1.9 min. Separations were conducted on a non-polar reversed phase (C(18)) and also on more polar phases with cyanopropyl or phenyl groups using a gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.3% aqueous acetic acid and methanol. Chromatographic peaks were characterised using parameters such as resolution, symmetry, selectivity, etc. Individual substances were identified and quantified using UV-vis diode array detector at wavelength 270 nm. Limits of detection (3S/N) were in the range 200-400 pg ml(-1). Proposed U-HPLC technique was used for separation of isoflavones and phenolic acids in samples of plant materials (Trifolium pratense, Glycine max, Pisum sativum and Ononis spinosa) after acid hydrolysis of the samples and modified Soxhlet extraction.

• MeSH
• genistein chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Glycine max chemie   MeSH
• hrách setý chemie   MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• isoflavony chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kyselina gallová analogy a deriváty   chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kyselina vanilová chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kyseliny kávové chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• propionáty MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Trifolium chemie   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biochanin A MeSH Prohlížeč
• caffeic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• daidzein MeSH Prohlížeč
• daidzin MeSH Prohlížeč
• ferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• formononetin MeSH Prohlížeč
• genistein MeSH
• genistin MeSH Prohlížeč
• glycitein MeSH Prohlížeč
• glycitin MeSH Prohlížeč
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• isoflavony MeSH
• kyselina gallová MeSH
• kyselina vanilová MeSH
• kyseliny kávové MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• p-coumaric acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• phenolic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• propionáty MeSH
• protocatechuic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• sinapinic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• syringic acid MeSH Prohlížeč

Macroporous poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) monolithic columns were prepared in fused silica capillaries of 100 microm id by in-situ copolymerization of styrene with divinylbenzene in the presence of propan-1-ol and formamide as the porogen system. The monoliths were subsequently alkylated with linear alkyl C-18 groups via Friedel-Crafts reaction to improve the retention and chromatographic resolution of strongly polar phenolic acids. A new thermally initiated grafting procedure was developed in order to shorten the time of the alkylation process. The grafting procedure was optimized with respect to the reaction temperature, time, the grafting reactant concentration, and the solvent used. The type of solvent and the grafting temperature are the most significant factors affecting the hydrodynamic properties, porosity, and efficiency of the columns. While the equivalent particle diameter of the grafted column increased, the capillary-like flow-through pore diameter decreased in comparison to non-alkylated monoliths. The hydrodynamic permeability of the monolith decreased, but the monolithic column still permitted fast micro-HPLC separations.

• MeSH
• alkylace MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty analýza   MeSH
• kapilární elektrochromatografie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• kyselina gallová analogy a deriváty   analýza   MeSH
• kyselina vanilová analýza   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové analýza   MeSH
• polystyreny chemická syntéza   chemie   MeSH
• poréznost MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• Amberlite XAD-2 resin MeSH Prohlížeč
• ferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• kyselina gallová MeSH
• kyselina vanilová MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• phenolic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• polystyreny MeSH
• syringic acid MeSH Prohlížeč

Naturally occurring plant phenolics, p-coumaric acid (PA), caffeic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA) and gentisic acid (GA) (25-100 nmol/L) had protective effects on acridine orange (AO; 216 mumol/L)- and ofloxacin (3 mumol/L)-induced genotoxicity in Salmonella typhimurium. FA, GA and CA exhibited a significant concentration-dependent protective effect against the genotoxicity of AO and ofloxacin, with the exception of PA, which at all concentrations tested abolished the AO and ofloxacin genotoxicity. UV spectrophotometric measurements showed the interaction of PA, FA, GA and CA with AO but not with ofloxacin; this interaction is obviously responsible for the reduction of AO-induced S. typhimurium mutagenicity. In the case of ofloxacin the antimutagenic effect of PA, FA, GA and CA is assumed to be a result of their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by ofloxacin.

• MeSH
• akridinová oranž toxicita   MeSH
• antimutagenní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• gentisáty * MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny kávové farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové farmakologie   MeSH
• mutageny toxicita   MeSH
• ofloxacin toxicita   MeSH
• propionáty MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• testy genotoxicity MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• akridinová oranž MeSH
• antimutagenní látky MeSH
• caffeic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• ferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• gentisáty * MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• kyseliny kávové MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• mutageny MeSH
• ofloxacin MeSH
• p-coumaric acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• phenolic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• propionáty MeSH

This study investigated the effect of one-week consumption of 165 g/day fresh blue honeysuckle berries (208 mg/day anthocyanins) in 10 healthy volunteers. At the end of intervention, levels of benzoic (median 1782 vs 4156), protocatechuic (709 vs 2417), vanillic (2779 vs 4753), 3-hydroxycinnamic (143 vs 351), p-coumaric (182 vs 271), isoferulic (805 vs 1570), ferulic (1086 vs 2395), and hippuric (194833 vs 398711 μg/mg creatinine) acids by LC/MS were significantly increased in the urine. Clinical chemistry safety markers were not altered. Oxidative stress markers, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (0.73 vs 0.88 U/g Hb) and catalase (2.5 vs 2.8 μkat/g Hb) activities, and erythrocyte/plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (522 vs 612/33 vs 38 μmol/g Hb/protein) levels were significantly increased, without change in plasma antioxidant status. Nonsignificant changes of advanced oxidation protein products and oxidized LDL were observed. The results provide a solid base for further study of metabolite excretion and antioxidant parameters after ingestion of anthocyanins.

• MeSH
• anthokyaniny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• antioxidancia metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery moč   MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• cinnamáty moč   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• erytrocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa krev   MeSH
• hippuráty moč   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• hydroxybenzoáty moč   MeSH
• katalasa krev   MeSH
• kyselina benzoová moč   MeSH
• kyselina vanilová moč   MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové moč   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL krev   MeSH
• Lonicera chemie   MeSH
• metabolom * MeSH
• ovoce chemie   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anthokyaniny MeSH
• antioxidancia MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• cinnamáty MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa MeSH
• hippuráty MeSH
• hippuric acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• hydroxybenzoáty MeSH
• isoferulic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• katalasa MeSH
• kyselina benzoová MeSH
• kyselina vanilová MeSH
• kyseliny kumarové MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL MeSH
• oxidized low density lipoprotein MeSH Prohlížeč
• phenolic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• protocatechuic acid MeSH Prohlížeč