AIMS: To present the initial results of Scharioth Macula Lens (SML) implantation. The SML is a new add-on intraocular lens designed to increase uncorrected near visual acuity (UCVA) in patients with stabilized maculopathy. METHODS: Eight patients were included in the study. All met the indication criteria before SML implantation. An SML was implanted in the better seeing eye. Near and distance visual acuity were tested. Possible complications and patient complaints were recorded and patients were asked about their quality of vision after SML implantation. The examination was carried out on day 1, 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Six-month-results are presented. Apart from one, all patients with the SML had good near visual acuity at a recommended reading distance of 15 cm. Preoperatively, the mean (min-max) near UCVA was J13 (J8-J16), mean distance BCVA was 0.27. Postoperatively, the best results were after 1 month - near UCVA was J2.5 (J1-J7), distance BCVA was 0.26. Three months after surgery, this decreased to J4.5 (J1-J8); distance VA remained 0.25. Six months postoperatively - near vision was J4 (J1-J8) and distance VA was unchanged. Patients reported problems with reading speed and reading distance. Daily exercise improved their reading ability. One patient converted to wet AMD 3 months post-implantation. CONCLUSION: The SML is a new hope for low-vision patients. It acts as a magnifier in the eye. It is a suitable method for increasing near visual acuity in patients with inactive maculopathy.

• Klíčová slova
• Scharioth Macula Lens, low-vision, maculopathy, near vision improvement,
• MeSH
• implantace nitrooční čočky přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• macula lutea patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• makulární degenerace chirurgie   MeSH
• nitrooční čočky * MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zraková ostrost fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: There is currently no system of registration for visually impaired children in Slovakia and the current prevalence of visual impairment (VI), low vision and blindness is unknown for this population. We propose a template for a process of registration of visually impaired children in Slovakia as well as a system for the Low Vision Health Core for this population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on a literature search, we report our data of the estimated prevalence of VI in children in Slovakia and the number of registered students with VI. We have created a registration form and suggested a template of registration for VI children as well as the Health Care System for this population. RESULTS: In industrialized countries, the prevalence of VI, including blindness is 10 -22/10,000 in children aged less than 16 years. Extrapolating these figures to the Slovak population, we estimate that there will be between 1500 to 3200 VI children under the age of 19 years. Only 752 students with VI of this age were recorded in Slovakia in 2009/2010. We suggest that three Low Vision Centres for VI children should be adequate to cater for the VI population, each of which should provide all levels of care and that ophthalmologists should register patients with VI by filling the proposed registration form. CONCLUSION: The number of VI children in Slovakia appears to be very low. The only way of accurately assessing the prevalence is to introduce a VI registration system into the country, to be carried out by the ophthalmologists. We suggest that the Low vision service provided by the health authority needs to be divided into primary, secondary and tertiary care (including visual rehabilitation by low vision aids). Only if the Health Insurance will adequately remunerate the Ophthalmologists for the individual procedures will they be motivated enough to provide this level of health care to VI patients.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• snížené vidění komplikace   diagnóza   epidemiologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH

The authors analyze the causes of blindness in children, of Low Vision and hospital admission among pupils of the school for blind children in Levoca, a primary school for children with visual debility in Bratislava and in hospitalized children at the Ophthalmological Clinic, Faculty Hospital Bratislava. The main causes of severe visual disorders in children are in as many as 90% inborn or hereditary diseases. The latter account for 48% of the reasons for hospital admission. The authors draw attention to the increasing incidence of numerous prenatally conditioned diseases as the dominating cause of serious visual disorders in children. In this context they submit recommendations for the improvement of comprehensive care of children with defective eyesight.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• slepota epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• snížené vidění epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo epidemiologie   MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Low visual aids (LVAs) are the simplest and the most economic method of reducing the consequences of visual impairment (VI). We evaluate prescribing of LVAs in order to improve the quality of life of visually impaired children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the notes of 113 patients (pts.) with VI (visual acuity (VA) 6/18 or worse or with visual field defects) who attended the Low Vision Clinic, F.D. Roosevelt Hospital in Banska Bystrica, between Jan 2000 - Dec 2005. There were 61 boys and 52 girls with ages ranging from < 1 year to < 19 years (mean age 9.4 years, median 9 years). RESULTS: Of the 113 notes reviewed, only 109 of patients were cooperative in having their VA formally tested. Blindness (VA worse than 3/60) occurred in 31 pts. (28.4%) and Low vision (VA worse than 6/18 or equal to 3/60) in 67 (61.5%). Of the remaining 11 patients, 4 had gross field defects (and good VA), (indicating that the total number with Low vision was 71 (65%). The other 7 patients had either developmental delay or were too young to perform a formal visual field test. Blindness was caused by perinatal factors in 52% of cases, prenatal factors in 45% and postnatal factors in 3%. Low vision was caused in 74.6% of cases by prenatal factors. The causes of blindness according to the affected anatomical site were: optic nerve disease in 12 (39%), cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in 8 (26%), and retinal disease in 6 (20%). Low vision was caused by retinal disease in 23 (34.3%), lens pathology in 11 (16.5%) and CVI in 10(14.9%). 171 LVAs were prescribed to 74 patients (65%): 76 (44.4%) were magnifiers, 21 (12.3%) were hyperoculars or high adds, 65 (38%) were telescopes and 9 (5.5%) telescope extensions. An average of 1.5 devices was prescribed for each patient. Every patient who was prescribed an LVA had subjective and objective improvement of their visual function and functional vision. CONCLUSION: Blindness occurred in almost one third of our patients which agrees with the worldwide accepted estimate. The LVA are improving the quality of life of visually impaired children. The prescribing of LVA depends on the individual: it is not possible to anticipate the optical power of the LVA that a patient will need simply from looking at their diagnosis and measuring their VA because there are so many different requirements depending on their age and visual demands.

• MeSH
• čočky * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• optické prostředky MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• slepota * etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• snížené vidění etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

UNLABELLED: Punctate Inner Choroidopathy (PIC) is a rare idiopathic ocular inflammatory disease. It occurs mostly in young, myopic, otherwise healthy women. Symptoms of the disease include acute vision decrease associated with central and paracentral scotoma. In 80% of cases PIC occur bilaterally. We report the case of a woman at the age of twenty-five, who was treated for PIC. Due to the finding of active inflammatory deposit in the retina of the left eye and low visual acuity was recommended corticosteroid therapy with a good therapeutic effect. KEY WORDS: Punctate Inner Choroidopathy (PIC), white dot syndromes.

• MeSH
• chorioretinitida komplikace   diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluoresceinová angiografie MeSH
• glukokortikoidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• skotom diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• snížené vidění diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukokortikoidy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• STRABISMUS/diagnosis *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• snížené vidění * MeSH
• strabismus diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of developmental impairments (DI) among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants at 24 months' corrected age, born in perinatal centers in 1997-2007, and evaluate their changing prognosis of intact development. DESIGN: Prospective epidemiological study. SETTING: Follow-up clinics of neonatal centers level III. METHODS: Live birth rate, in-hospital mortality, neonatal morbidity, DI and quality of survival were assessed. Neonatal morbidity was analyzed in periods 2000/2, 2003/5, and 2006/7 by the data of Institute of Health Informatics and Statistics. DI and quality of survival were evaluated in cohorts of VLBW infants born in 1997/9 (period I), 2000/2 (period II), 2003/5 (period III) and 2006/7 (period IV). RESULTS: Live birth rate of VLBW newborns in 1997-2007 increased in total of 39.5%, in-hospital mortality decreased, significantly in 1997-9 (fall of 10%). Neonatal morbidity, except infections, also declined. Significant decrease in DI-CP and visual impairment, was observed after period II, in category 1000-1499 g of 7/1.5%, in infants <1000 g of 8/7% resp. After period II, the prevalence of impaired children 1000-1499 g decreased of 5%, whereas in category < 1000 g only small decrease of 2% occurred in period III. Number of children without impairment increased gradually in both categories. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed significant increase in surviving VLBW infants, especially in category <1000 g. Increased survival rate at concurrent fall in severe neonatal morbidity (except infections) was not accompanied with worsened prognosis of an intact development.

• MeSH
• kojenecká mortalita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozková obrna diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců diagnóza   mortalita   MeSH
• novorozenec s extrémně nízkou porodní hmotností * MeSH
• novorozenec s velmi nízkou porodní hmotností * MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• poruchy sluchu diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• poruchy zraku diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• vývoj dítěte * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• STRABISMUS *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• snížené vidění * MeSH
• strabismus * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• STRABISMUS/in infancy and childhood *,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• snížené vidění * MeSH
• strabismus * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BLIND/rehabilitation *, OCCUPATIONS AND PROFESSIONS *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• slepota * MeSH
• snížené vidění * MeSH
• zaměstnání * MeSH
• zrakově postižení rehabilitace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH