BACKGROUND: The dominant feature of COVID-19-associated ARDS is gas exchange impairment. Extravascular lung water index is a surrogate for lung edema and reflects the level of alveolocapillary disruption. The primary aim was the prediction of extravascular lung water index by the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference. The secondary aims were in determining the relationship between the extravascular lung water index and other oxygenation parameters, the [Formula: see text], end-tidal oxygen concentration, pulmonary oxygen gradient ([Formula: see text] minus end-tidal oxygen concentration), and [Formula: see text]. METHODS: This observational prospective single-center study was performed at the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, The University Hospital in Ostrava, The Czech Republic, during the COVID-19 pandemic, from March 20, 2020, until May 24, 2021. RESULTS: The relationship between the extravascular lung water index and alveolar-arterial oxygen difference showed only a mild-to-moderate correlation (r = 0.33, P < .001). Other extravascular lung water index correlations were as follows: [Formula: see text] (r = 0.33, P < .001), end-tidal oxygen concentration (r = 0.26, P = .0032), [Formula: see text] minus end-tidal oxygen concentration (r = 0.15, P = .0624), and [Formula: see text] (r = -0.15, P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: The alveolar-arterial oxygen difference does not reliably correlate with the extravascular lung water index and the degree of lung edema in COVID-19-associated ARDS.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- extravaskulární plicní voda * metabolismus MeSH
- kyslík * metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plicní alveoly * metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- plicní edém etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně * patofyziologie etiologie MeSH
- výměna plynů v plicích MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
This systematic review aimed to summarize the available data on the treatment of pulmonary contusions with exogenous surfactants, determine whether this treatment benefits patients with severe pulmonary contusions, and evaluate the optimal type of surfactant, method of administration, and drug concentration. Three databases (MEDline, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched using the following keywords: pulmonary surfactant, surface-active agents, exogenous surfactant, pulmonary contusion, and lung contusion for articles published between 1945 and February 2023, with no language restrictions. Four reviewers independently rated the studies for inclusion, and the other four reviewers resolved conflicts. Of the 100 articles screened, six articles were included in the review. Owing to the limited number of papers on this topic, various types of studies were included (two clinical studies, two experiments, and two case reports). In all the studies, surfactant administration improved the selected ventilation parameters. The most frequently used type of surfactant was Curosurf® in the concentration of 25 mg/kg of ideal body weight. In most studies, the administration of a surfactant by bronchoscopy into the segmental bronchi was the preferable way of administration. In both clinical studies, patients who received surfactants required shorter ventilation times. The administration of exogenous surfactants improved ventilatory parameters and, thus, reduced the need for less aggressive artificial lung ventilation and ventilation days. The animal-derived surfactant Curosurf® seems to be the most suitable substance; however, the ideal concentration remains unclear. The ideal route of administration involves a bronchoscope in the segmental bronchi.
- MeSH
- bronchoskopie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plicní surfaktanty * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- poškození plic * farmakoterapie etiologie MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně * farmakoterapie etiologie MeSH
- umělé dýchání metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zhmoždění * farmakoterapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Mikroskopická polyangiitida je ANCA vaskulitida, která se vyznačuje přítomností protilátek proti myeloperoxidáze (anti-MPO). Jedná se o vaskulitidu malých cév s fokálně nekrotizující glomerulonefritidou bez tvorby granulomů v dýchacích cestách. Na začátku onemocnění jsou přítomny nespecifické příznaky. Mezi ně patří artralgie, artritidy a myalgie. Difuzní alveolární hemoragie (DAH) je klinický syndrom charakterizovaný akutním nástupem alveolárních infiltrátů a hypoxemií, které vedou k progresivnímu difuznímu alveolárnímu krvácení vyžadujícího okamžitou léčbu. Kazuistika popisuje pacientku s nově diagnostikovanou mikroskopickou polyangiitidou (MPA), jejíž první manifestací byla difuzní alveolární hemoragie. Základní onemocnění bylo dále komplikováno těžkým hypoxickým respiračním selháním s nutností zavedení extrakorporální membránové oxygenace (V-V ECMO), obtížným weaningem (odpojení od umělé plicní ventilace) a recidivujícími infekty včetně multirezistentních kmenů. Pacientka byla léčena vysokodávkovými pulzy glukokortikoidů, cyklo- fosfamidem v redukované dávce a aplikací imunoglobulinů. Po osmiměsíční úspěšné léčbě byla propuštěna domů, nyní je její stav nadále uspokojivý.
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ANCA-associated vasculitis characterized by the presence of anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) antibodies. It is a small vessel vasculitis with focally necrotizing glomerulonephritis without granuloma formation in the airways. Constitutional symptoms are present at the onset of the disease. These include arthralgia, arthritis, and myalgia. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute onset of alveolar infiltrates and hypoxemia leading to progressive diffuse alveolar hemorrhage requiring immediate treatment. This case report describes a patient with newly diagnosed microscopic polyangiitis whose first manifestation was diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. The underlying disease was further complicated by severe hypoxic respiratory failure with the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO), difficult weaning (disconnection from artificial pulmonary ventilation), and recurrent infections including multidrug-resistant strains. The patient was treated with high-dose pulses of glucocorticoids, reduced-dose cyclophosphamide, and immunoglobulin administration. After eight months of successful treatment, she was discharged home and her condition remains satisfactory.
- Klíčová slova
- difuzní alveolární hemoragie,
- MeSH
- akutní poškození plic diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopická polyangiitida * diagnóza farmakoterapie imunologie komplikace MeSH
- mimotělní membránová oxygenace metody MeSH
- rentgendiagnostika hrudníku klasifikace metody MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně * diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza etiologie imunologie klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
BACKGROUND: Maintaining the patient awake and not intubated during the venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) reduces the risk of ventilation-induced lung injury in patients with ARDS. Currently, there is a lack of data on outcomes and complications associated with the awake ECMO approach. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate outcomes and the occurrence of complications of awake ECMO approach guided by local safety protocol comprising ultrasound-guided cannulation, argatroban-based anticoagulation, respiratory support, and routine sedation targeted to reduce respiratory effort and keeping nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:1. DESIGN: A single-center retrospective case series analysis. METHODS: Consecutive patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (CARDS) treated by full awake VV ECMO approach from April 2019 to December 2023 were eligible. RESULTS: Our center treated 10 patients (mean age 54.7 ± 11.6 years) with CARDS with an awake ECMO approach. The reasons for awake ECMO included the presence of barotrauma in six patients, a team consensus to prefer awake ECMO instead of mechanical ventilation in three patients, and the patient's refusal to be intubated in one case. Before ECMO, patients were severely hypoxemic, with a mean value of Horowitz index of 48.9 ± 9.1 mmHg and a mean respiratory rate of 28.8 ± 7.3 breaths per minute on high-flow nasal cannula or noninvasive ventilation support. The mean duration of awake VV ECMO was 558.0 ± 173.6 h. Seven patients (70%) were successfully disconnected from ECMO and fully recovered. Intubation from respiratory causes was needed in three patients (30%), all of whom died eventually. In total, three episodes of delirium, two episodes of significant bleeding, one pneumothorax requiring chest tube insertion, and one oxygenator acute exchange occurred throughout the 5580 h of awake ECMO. No complications related to cannula displacement or malposition occurred. CONCLUSION: The awake ECMO strategy guided by safety protocol appears to be a safe approach in conscious, severely hypoxemic, non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related ARDS.
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- arginin analogy a deriváty MeSH
- bdění * MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- intervenční ultrasonografie MeSH
- kyseliny pipekolové MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mimotělní membránová oxygenace * škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sulfonamidy MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně * terapie etiologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Umělá plicní ventilace (UPV) patří mezi zavedené metody orgánové podpory na jednotkách intenzivní péče. U pacientů s plicním postižením, zejména pak s jejich těžšími formami, může UPV působit takovými silami, že mohou vést k dalšímu poškození nemocných plic. Mechanická energie (ME) je parametr představující celkovou energii, kterou UPV působí na plíce (případně na plíce, dýchací cesty a hrudník). Vyšší hodnoty ME jsou spojené s vyšším rizikem plicního postižení indukovaného ventilátorem (VILI). ME je možné vypočítat z ventilačních parametrů pomocí rovnic, z nichž některé umožňují výpočet přímo u lůžka nemocného na běžné kalkulačce. Úpravou jednotlivých parametrů, pak můžeme ME snížit ve snaze snížení rizika VILI. Ze vzorců lze rovněž odvodit jak se jednotlivé parametry podílejí na celkové ME a můžeme se tak rozhodnout, který parametr je vhodné upravit. Tento přehledový článek přináší ucelený pohled na současné postavení ME jako ventilačního parametru asociovaného s rizikem VILI. Jsou zde uvedeny rovnice pro výpočet ME pro jednotlivé ventilační režimy s kritickým hodnocením přesnosti jednotlivých možností výpočtu a využití konceptu ME v běžné denní praxi u lůžka pacienta na UPV.
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is one of the established methods of organ support in intensive care units. In patients with lung disease, especially in its more severe forms, MV can act with such forces that it can lead to further damage to the diseased lungs. Mechanical energy (ME) is a parameter representing the total energy that the MV exerts on the lungs (or lungs, airways, and chest). Higher ME values are associated with a higher risk of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). ME can be calculated from ventilation parameters using equations, some of which allow calculation directly at the patient's bedside on a regular calculator. By adjusting individual parameters, we can then reduce the ME to reduce the risk of VILI. From the formulas, it is also possible to derive how the individual parameters contribute to the overall ME, and we can thus decide which parameter should be adjusted. This review article provides a comprehensive view of the current knowledge of ME as a ventilatory parameter associated with the risk of VILI. Equations for calculating ME for individual ventilation modes are presented here, with a critical assessment of the accuracy of individual calculation options and the use of the ME concept in routine daily practice at the patient's bed on MV.
- Klíčová slova
- mechanická energie,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanické ventilátory škodlivé účinky MeSH
- poškození plic mechanickou ventilací prevence a kontrola MeSH
- přenos energie MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně etiologie terapie MeSH
- umělé dýchání * metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ventilace umělá s výdechovým přetlakem metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Real-time effects of changing body position and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on regional lung overdistension and collapse in individual patients remain largely unknown and not timely monitored. The aim of this study was to individualize PEEP in supine and prone body positions seeking to reduce lung collapse and overdistension in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesized that prone positioning with bedside titrated PEEP would provide attenuation of both overdistension and collapse. In this prospective observational study, patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS under mechanical ventilation were included. We used electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with decremental PEEP titration algorithm (PEEPEIT-titration), which provides information on regional lung overdistension and collapse, along with global respiratory system compliance, to individualize PEEP and body position. PEEPEIT-titration in supine position followed by PEEPEIT-titration in prone position were performed. Immediately before each PEEPEIT-titration, the same lung recruitment maneuver was performed: 2 min of PEEP 24 cmH2O and driving pressure of 15 cmH2O. Forty-two PEEPEIT-titration were performed in ten patients (21 pairs supine and prone positions). We have found larger % of overdistension along the PEEP titration in prone than supine position (P = 0.042). A larger % of collapse along the PEEP titration was found in supine than prone position (P = 0.037). A smaller respiratory system compliance was found in prone than supine position (P < 0.0005). In patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS, prone body position, when compared with supine body position, decreased lung collapse at low PEEP levels, but increased lung overdistension at PEEP levels greater than 10 cm H2O.Trial registration number: NCT04460859.
- MeSH
- atelektáza * MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plíce patologie MeSH
- pronační poloha MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně * etiologie terapie MeSH
- ventilace umělá s výdechovým přetlakem * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Analgezie a sedace je jedním ze základních terapeutických postupů v intenzivní péči, nicméně zvláště u pacientů na umělé plicní ventilaci má neadekvátně hluboká analgosedace řadu nežádoucích účinků. Vposledních desetiletích vidíme celosvětový trend směrem ktitrované lehké sedaci umožňující časné odvykání od ventilátoru a zkrácení pobytu na intenzivním lůžku i v nemocnici. V tomto přehledovém článku je popsána farmakologie nejčastěji používaných léků a strategie analgosedace uměle ventilovaných pacientů. Poslední část je věnována analgosedaci pacientů s akutním syndromem dechové tísně „běžné“ i covidové etiologie. Tito nemocní většinou trpí kritickým respiračním selháním, vyžadujícím relativně agresivní ventilační režim, polohování do pronace a další úkony, pro které je někdy stále nezbytná hluboká analgosedace, ev. svalová relaxace. Iu těchto pacientů bychom se nicméně měli snažit o co nejčasnější odtlumení a přechod na prohlubované ventilační režimy se spontánní dechovou aktivitou.
Analgesia and sedation are basic parts of the treatment in the intensive care. Nevertheless, deep sedation during mechanical ventilation has many adverse effects. In last decades the trend towards mild titrated sedation is seen. It enables early weaning from mechanical ventilation and shortening the stay in the intensive care setting and hospital. In this article pharmacology of main drugs used for analgesia/sedation nad strategy of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients are described. The last section of this article is dedicated to sedation of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome of „common“ and COVID -19 etiology. These patients usually suffer from critical respiratory failure and agressive ventilatory support, prone positioning and other invasive techniques are needed. That is why deep sedation or even paralysis is sometimes necessary, but also in these patients lower sedation and weaning attempts should be tried as soon as possible.
- MeSH
- analgetika aplikace a dávkování farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- analgosedace * metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- anestetika aplikace a dávkování farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- COVID-19 komplikace ošetřování patofyziologie MeSH
- hospitalizovaní pacienti MeSH
- látky tlumící činnost CNS aplikace a dávkování farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu metody MeSH
- pneumonie komplikace ošetřování patofyziologie MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně etiologie ošetřování patofyziologie MeSH
- umělé dýchání * ošetřování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
U části pacientů po těžkém průběhu onemocnění covidem-19 nedochází ke spontánní resorpci (po) zánětlivých změn a je zde riziko rozvoje organizující se pneumonie a fibrotizace plicního parenchymu. Přes nedostatek důkazů o jejich efektivitě v této indikaci je použití glukokortikoidů v léčbě plicního postižení v rámci post-covidového syndromu běžnou praxí. Studií zabývajících se jejich použitím v pozdní fázi onemocnění je bohužel málo. Na základě dostupných prací se zdá, že v případě neregredujících infiltrátů s větším rozsahem než 15 % plicního parenchymu a za současné nepřítomnosti kontraindikace kortikoterapie je jejich použití opodstatněné. Článek shrnuje význam kortikoterapie v léčbě a prevenci plicního post-covidového postižení.
Prolonged resorption occurs in the small number of patients with severe course of COVID-19. There is the risk of development of organizing pneumonia and subsequent fibrotization of lung parenchyma. The use of glucocorticoids in the treatment of post-COVID lung involvement is common practice, despite the lack of evidence regarding their efficacy in this indication. The number of studies dealing with their use in late phase of the disease is unfortunately small. According to current scarce evidence their use may be justified in case of 15% or larger lung involvement without spontaneous resolution. Of course, the absence of contraindications for their use is required. The article focuses on the position of glucocorticoids in the prevention and therapy of lung involvement in post-COVID syndrome patients.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace MeSH
- dexamethason * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- farmakoterapie COVID-19 MeSH
- glukokortikoidy aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně etiologie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- virová pneumonie diagnostické zobrazování etiologie komplikace MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Previously, we demonstrated that supplementation of resuscitation fluids with the Kv7 voltage-activated potassium channel inhibitor linopirdine reduces fluid resuscitation requirements and stabilizes hemodynamics in various rat models of hemorrhagic shock. To further evaluate the therapeutic potential of linopirdine, we tested the effects of linopirdine-supplemented resuscitation fluids in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Ventilated rats underwent unilateral lung ischemia from t=0-75 min, followed by lung reperfusion and fluid resuscitation to a mean arterial blood pressure of 60 mmHg with normal saline (NS, n=9) or NS supplemented with 50 μg/ml linopridine (NS-L), n=7) until t=360 min. As compared with NS, fluid resuscitation with NS-L stabilized blood pressure and reduced fluid requirements by 40% (p<0.05 vs. NS at t=240-360 min). While NS-L did not affect ARDS development, it reduced mortality from 66% with NS to 14% with NS-L (p=0.03, hazard ratio 0.14; 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio: 0.03-0.65). Median survival time was 240 min with NS and >360 min with NS-L. As compared with NS treated animals that survived the observation period (n=3), however, plasma lactate and creatinine concentrations at t=360 min were higher with NS-L (n=6; p<0.05). Our findings extend therapeutic potential of NS-L from hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock to hemodynamic instability under normovolemic conditions during organ ischemia-reperfusion injury. Possible adverse effects of NS-L, such as impairment of renal function and/or organ hypoperfusion, require further evaluation in long-term pre-clinical models.
- MeSH
- blokátory draslíkových kanálů aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- indoly aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- intravenózní infuze MeSH
- krevní tlak účinky léků MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- pyridiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- reperfuzní poškození komplikace MeSH
- resuscitace * MeSH
- solný roztok aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně etiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- tekutinová terapie * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that administration of dexamethasone 20 mg is superior to a 6 mg dose in adult patients with moderate or severe ARDS due to confirmed COVID-19. The secondary objective is to investigate the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone 20 mg versus dexamethasone 6 mg. The exploratory objective of this study is to assess long-term consequences on mortality and quality of life at 180 and 360 days. TRIAL DESIGN: REMED is a prospective, phase II, open-label, randomised controlled trial testing superiority of dexamethasone 20 mg vs 6 mg. The trial aims to be pragmatic, i.e. designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in conditions that are close to real-life routine clinical practice. PARTICIPANTS: The study is multi-centre and will be conducted in the intensive care units (ICUs) of ten university hospitals in the Czech Republic. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Subjects will be eligible for the trial if they meet all of the following criteria: 1. Adult (≥18 years of age) at time of enrolment; 2. Present COVID-19 (infection confirmed by RT-PCR or antigen testing); 3. Intubation/mechanical ventilation or ongoing high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy; 4. Moderate or severe ARDS according to Berlin criteria: • Moderate - PaO2/FiO2 100-200 mmHg; • Severe - PaO2/FiO2 < 100 mmHg; 5. Admission to ICU in the last 24 hours. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Subjects will not be eligible for the trial if they meet any of the following criteria: 1. Known allergy/hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or excipients of the investigational medicinal product (e.g. parabens, benzyl alcohol); 2. Fulfilled criteria for ARDS for ≥14 days at enrolment; 3. Pregnancy or breastfeeding; 4. Unwillingness to comply with contraception measurements from enrolment until at least 1 week after the last dose of dexamethasone (sexual abstinence is considered an adequate contraception method); 5. End-of-life decision or patient is expected to die within next 24 hours; 6. Decision not to intubate or ceilings of care in place; 7. Immunosuppression and/or immunosuppressive drugs in medical history: a) Systemic immunosuppressive drugs or chemotherapy in the past 30 days; b) Systemic corticosteroid use before hospitalization; c) Any dose of dexamethasone during the present hospital stay for COVID-19 for ≥5 days before enrolment; d) Systemic corticosteroids during present hospital stay for conditions other than COVID-19 (e.g. septic shock); 8. Current haematological or generalized solid malignancy; 9. Any contraindication for corticosteroid administration, e.g. • intractable hyperglycaemia; • active gastrointestinal bleeding; • adrenal gland disorders; • presence of superinfection diagnosed with locally established clinical and laboratory criteria without adequate antimicrobial treatment; 10. Cardiac arrest before ICU admission; 11. Participation in another interventional trial in the last 30 days. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Dexamethasone solution for injection/infusion is the investigational medicinal product as well as the comparator. The trial will assess two doses, 20 mg (investigational) vs 6 mg (comparator). Patients in the intervention group will receive dexamethasone 20 mg intravenously once daily on day 1-5, followed by dexamethasone 10 mg intravenously once daily on day 6-10. Patients in the control group will receive dexamethasone 6 mg day 1-10. All authorized medicinal products containing dexamethasone in the form of solution for i.v. injection/infusion can be used. MAIN OUTCOMES: Primary endpoint: Number of ventilator-free days (VFDs) at 28 days after randomisation, defined as being alive and free from mechanical ventilation. SECONDARY ENDPOINTS: a) Mortality from any cause at 60 days after randomisation; b) Dynamics of inflammatory marker (C-Reactive Protein, CRP) change from Day 1 to Day 14; c) WHO Clinical Progression Scale at Day 14; d) Adverse events related to corticosteroids (new infections, new thrombotic complications) until Day 28 or hospital discharge; e) Independence at 90 days after randomisation assessed by Barthel Index. The long-term outcomes of this study are to assess long-term consequences on mortality and quality of life at 180 and 360 days through telephone structured interviews using the Barthel Index. RANDOMISATION: Randomisation will be carried out within the electronic case report form (eCRF) by the stratified permuted block randomisation method. Allocation sequences will be prepared by a statistician independent of the study team. Allocation to the treatment arm of an individual patient will not be available to the investigators before completion of the whole randomisation process. The following stratification factors will be applied: • Age <65 and ≥ 65; • Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI) <3 and ≥3; • CRP <150 mg/L and ≥150 mg/L • Trial centre. Patients will be randomised in a 1 : 1 ratio into one of the two treatment arms. Randomisation through the eCRF will be available 24 hours every day. BLINDING (MASKING): This is an open-label trial in which the participants and the study staff will be aware of the allocated intervention. Blinded pre-planned statistical analysis will be performed. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): The sample size is calculated to detect the difference of 3 VFDs at 28 days (primary efficacy endpoint) between the two treatment arms with a two-sided type I error of 0.05 and power of 80%. Based on data from a multi-centre randomised controlled trial in COVID-19 ARDS patients in Brazil and a multi-centre observational study from French and Belgian ICUs regarding moderate to severe ARDS related to COVID-19, investigators assumed a standard deviation of VFD at 28 days as 9. Using these assumptions, a total of 142 patients per treatment arm would be needed. After adjustment for a drop-out rate, 150 per treatment arm (300 patients per study) will be enrolled. TRIAL STATUS: This is protocol version 1.1, 15.01.2021. The trial is due to start on 2 February 2021 and recruitment is expected to be completed by December 2021. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study protocol was registered on EudraCT No.:2020-005887-70, and on December 11, 2020 on ClinicalTrials.gov (Title: Effect of Two Different Doses of Dexamethasone in Patients With ARDS and COVID-19 (REMED)) Identifier: NCT04663555 with a last update posted on February 1, 2021. FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol (version 1.1) is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest of expediting dissemination of this material, the standard formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 komplikace terapie MeSH
- délka pobytu MeSH
- dexamethason aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- glukokortikoidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- hodnocení ekvivalence jako téma MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze II jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multicentrické studie jako téma MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně etiologie terapie MeSH
- umělé dýchání * MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- protokol klinické studie MeSH