BACKGROUND: Cancer stem cells (CSC) and their role in tumorigenesis of various solid tumors have been studied in past decades. Urothelial CSC were first identified 10 years ago and subsequent studies have been performed with the aim to identify reliable markers of CSC. So far, a few studies have investigated a relationship between CSC markers expression in urothelial carcinoma tissue and histopathological characteristics of the tumor. METHODS: In our study, we evaluated an immunoexpression of the CSC markers CD24, CD44, CD66 and CD133 in tissue sections of urothelial carcinoma (all tumor grades and stages were included), urothelial carcinoma in situ and non-neoplastic urothelium, totally 218 specimens were enrolled. RESULTS: All studied molecules were expressed either in tumor tissue and non-neoplastic urothelium. Urothelial carcinomas of higher tumor grade and stage expressed molecules CD24 and CD133 significantly more frequently whereas molecules CD44 and CD66 did not show significant association with tumor histopathological features. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that studied molecules are not suitable for direct detection of CSC in urothelial carcinoma tissue sections, but an expression of molecules CD24 and CD133 is significantly related to urothelial carcinoma grade and stage, which are both important prognostic indicators and therefore an expression of these markers might have a potential prognostic value.

• MeSH
• antigen CD24 MeSH
• karcinom z přechodných buněk * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• močový měchýř MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Skp2 is a crucial component of SCFSkp2 E3 ubiquitin ligase and is often overexpressed in various types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PCa). The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in PCa progression. The acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype that results in a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in PCa was described. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression and localization of Skp2 in clinical samples from patients with PCa, the association of Skp2 with EMT status, and the role of Skp2 in prostate CSC. We found that nuclear expression of Skp2 was increased in patients with PCa compared to those with benign hyperplasia, and correlated with high Gleason score in PCa patients. Increased Skp2 expression was observed in PCa cell lines with mesenchymal and CSC-like phenotype compared to their epithelial counterparts. Conversely, the CSC-like phenotype was diminished in cells in which SKP2 expression was silenced. Furthermore, we observed that Skp2 downregulation led to the decrease in subpopulation of CD44+CD24- cancer stem-like cells. Finally, we showed that high expression levels of both CD24 and CD44 were associated with favorable recurrence-free survival for PCa patients. This study uncovered the Skp2-mediated CSC-like phenotype with oncogenic functions in PCa.

• MeSH
• antigen CD24 genetika   MeSH
• antigeny CD44 genetika   MeSH
• buňky PC-3 MeSH
• epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši nahé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• nádory prostaty genetika   metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• proteiny asociované s kinázou S-fáze genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů * MeSH
• stupeň nádoru MeSH
• xenogenní modely - testy protinádorové aktivity MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: CD157 has been recently reported as a useful glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked marker for the detection of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clones in patients with suspected paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria by flow cytometry as it targets both neutrophils and monocytes. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of a non-fluorescent aerolysin (FLAER) approach and propose an alternative for laboratories, where FLAER is not available. METHODS: We validated a non-FLAER-based single-tube, 6-color assay targeting the GPI-linked structures CD157, CD24, and CD14. We determined its performance characteristics on 20 PNH patient samples containing a variety of clone sizes and compared results with a previously validated FLAER-based approach. RESULTS: Coefficient of variation (CV) for intra-/interassay precision analyses ranged from 0.1%/0.2% to 3.02%/7.58% for neutrophils and from 0.10%/0.3% to 5.39%/6.36% for monocytes. Coefficient of determination (r2 ) for linear regression analysis of PNH clones from 20 patients ranging from 0.06% to 99.7% was 0.99 in all cases, Wilcoxon ranks test showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05), Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated performance agreement with mean bias ranging from 0.06 to 0.2. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm very good performance characteristics for both intra- and interassay precision analyses, favorable correlation, and agreement between the FLAER and non-FLAER-based approaches, using the CD157 GPI marker. Our experience suggests that a rapid and cost-effective simultaneous evaluation of PNH neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry without using FLAER is possible in areas where FLAER may not be widely available. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.

• MeSH
• ADP-ribosylcyklasa imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• antigen CD24 imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální toxiny MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• CD antigeny imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• cytotoxické proteiny tvořící póry MeSH
• GPI-vázané proteiny imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipopolysacharidové receptory imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• monocyty imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• neutrofily imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• paroxysmální hemoglobinurie imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

There is an error in the Funding section. The correct funding information is as follows: The work was supported in part by grants from the Australian Research Council, Cancer Council Queensland to J.N. and the Internal Grant Agency (IGA) of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (IGA NT/14078-3), and the European Regional Development Fund (the BIOCEV project, CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0109) to JN. EAP was supported by the Douglas Francis Green PhD Scholarship provided by the Queensland Asbestos-Related Disease Society. LFD was supported by the Griffith University Research Fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

• MeSH
• alfa-tokoferol MeSH
• antigen CD24 MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• maligní mezoteliom MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky * patologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• testy karcinogenity metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies. Its dismal prognosis is often attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that have been identified in PDAC using various markers. However, the co-expression of all of these markers has not yet been evaluated. Furthermore, studies that compare the expression levels of CSC markers in PDAC tumor samples and in cell lines derived directly from those tumors are lacking. Here, we analyzed the expression of putative CSC markers-CD24, CD44, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), CD133, and nestin-by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and quantitative PCR in 3 PDAC-derived cell lines and by immunohistochemistry in 3 corresponding tumor samples. We showed high expression of the examined CSC markers among all of the cell lines and tumor samples, with the exception of CD24 and CD44, which were enriched under in vitro conditions compared with tumor tissues. The proportions of cells positive for the remaining markers were comparable to those detected in the corresponding tumors. Co-expression analysis using flow cytometry revealed that CD24+/CD44+/EpCAM+/CD133+ cells represented a significant population of the cells (range, 43 to 72%) among the cell lines. The highest proportion of CD24+/CD44+/EpCAM+/CD133+ cells was detected in the cell line derived from the tumor of a patient with the shortest survival. Using gene expression profiling, we further identified the specific pro-tumorigenic expression profile of this cell line compared with the profiles of the other two cell lines. Together, CD24+/CD44+/EpCAM+/CD133+ cells are present in PDAC cell lines derived from primary tumors, and their increased proportion corresponds with a pro-tumorigenic gene expression profile.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• adhezní molekula epiteliálních buněk metabolismus   MeSH
• antigen AC133 metabolismus   MeSH
• antigen CD24 metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny CD44 metabolismus   MeSH
• kmenové buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• nestin metabolismus   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

B cells play an important role in the immune responses which affect the outcomes of kidney allografts. Dynamic changes of B-cell compartments in clinical kidney transplantation are still poorly understood. B-cell subsets were prospectively monitored using flow cytometry for 1 year in 98 kidney transplant recipients. Data were correlated with immunosuppression and clinical outcomes. An increase in the total population of B lymphocytes was observed during the first week after transplantation. The level of IgM(high) CD38(high) CD24(high) transitional B cells reduced significantly up until the third month, with partial repopulation in the first year. Lower numbers of transitional B cells in the third month were associated with higher risk of graft rejection. IgM(+) IgD(+) CD27(-) naive B cells did not change within follow-up. IgM(+) CD27(+) nonswitched memory B cells and IgM(-) CD27(+) switched memory B cells increased on post-operative day 7. IgM(-) CD38(high) CD27(high) plasmablasts showed similar kinetics during the first post-transplant year, similar to transitional B cells. In conclusion, sensitized kidney transplant recipients as well as those with either acute or chronic rejection within the first post-transplant year exhibited lower levels of transitional B cells. Therefore, these data further support the hypothesis that transitional B cells have a protective role in kidney transplantation.

• MeSH
• alografty MeSH
• antigen CD24 metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny CD27 metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny CD38 metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• imunologická paměť imunologie   MeSH
• imunosupresivní léčba MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• plazmatické buňky imunologie   MeSH
• podskupiny B-lymfocytů imunologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prekurzorové B-lymfoidní buňky imunologie   MeSH
• příjemce transplantátu MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rejekce štěpu imunologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• transplantace ledvin * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive type of tumour causing high mortality. One reason for this paradigm may be the existence of a subpopulation of tumour-initiating cells (TICs) that endow MM with drug resistance and recurrence. The objective of this study was to identify and characterise a TIC subpopulation in MM cells, using spheroid cultures, mesospheres, as a model of MM TICs. Mesospheres, typified by the stemness markers CD24, ABCG2 and OCT4, initiated tumours in immunodeficient mice more efficiently than adherent cells. CD24 knock-down cells lost the sphere-forming capacity and featured lower tumorigenicity. Upon serial transplantation, mesospheres were gradually more efficiently tumrigenic with increased level of stem cell markers. We also show that mesospheres feature mitochondrial and metabolic properties similar to those of normal and cancer stem cells. Finally, we show that mesothelioma-initiating cells are highly susceptible to mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate. This study documents that mesospheres can be used as a plausible model of mesothelioma-initiating cells and that they can be utilised in the search for efficient agents against MM.

• MeSH
• antigen CD24 metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčná adheze účinky léků   MeSH
• buněčné sféroidy účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genový knockdown MeSH
• inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
• invazivní růst nádoru MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezoteliom metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• mitochondrie účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• myši nahé MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• nádory plic metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• tokoferoly farmakologie   MeSH
• transplantace nádorů MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Various markers are used to identify the unique sub-population of breast cancer cells with stem cell properties. Whether these markers are expressed in all breast cancers, identify the same population of cells, or equate to therapeutic response is controversial. METHODS: We investigated the expression of multiple cancer stem cell markers in human breast cancer samples and cell lines in vitro and in vivo, comparing across and within samples and relating expression with growth and therapeutic response to doxorubicin, docetaxol and radiotherapy. RESULTS: CD24, CD44, ALDH and SOX2 expression, the ability to form mammospheres and side-population cells are variably present in human cancers and cell lines. Each marker identifies a unique rather than common population of cancer cells. In vivo, cells expressing these markers are not specifically localized to the presumptive stem cell niche at the tumour/stroma interface. Repeated therapy does not consistently enrich cells expressing these markers, although ER-negative cells accumulate. CONCLUSIONS: Commonly employed methods identify different cancer cell sub-populations with no consistent therapeutic implications, rather than a single population of cells. The relationships of breast cancer stem cells to clinical parameters will require identification of specific markers or panels for the individual cancer.

• MeSH
• antigen CD24 biosyntéza   imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny CD44 biosyntéza   imunologie   MeSH
• chemorezistence genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• MFC-7 buňky MeSH
• nádorové kmenové buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory prsu genetika   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• transkripční faktory SOXB1 biosyntéza   imunologie   MeSH
• xenogenní modely - testy protinádorové aktivity MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Increased proportions of naive B cell subset and B cells defined as CD27(neg)CD21(neg)CD38(neg) are frequently found in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) syndrome. Current methods of polychromatic flow cytometry and PCR-based detection of k deletion excision circles allow for fine definitions and replication history mapping of infrequent B cell subsets. We have analyzed B cells from 48 patients with CVID and 49 healthy controls to examine phenotype, frequency, and proliferation history of naive B cell subsets. Consistent with previous studies, we have described two groups of patients with normal (CVID-21norm) or increased (CVID-21lo) proportions of CD27(neg)CD21(neg)CD38(neg) B cells. Upon further analyses, we found two discrete subpopulations of this subset based on the expression of CD24. The B cell subsets showed a markedly increased proliferation in CVID-21lo patients as compared with healthy controls, suggesting developmental arrest rather than increased bone marrow output. Furthermore, when we analyzed CD21(pos) naive B cells, we found two different subpopulations based on IgM and CD24 expression. They correspond to follicular (FO) I and FO II cells previously described in mice. FO I subset is significantly underrepresented in CVID-21lo patients. A comparison of the replication history of naive B cell subsets in CVID patients and healthy controls implies refined naive B cell developmental scheme, in which human transitional B cells develop into FO II and FO I. We propose that the CD27(neg)CD21(neg)CD38(neg) B cells increased in some of the CVID patients originate from the two FO subsets after loss of CD21 expression.

• MeSH
• antigen CD24 * biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• běžná variabilní imunodeficience * imunologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace imunologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• G0 fáze * imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• počet lymfocytů MeSH
• podskupiny B-lymfocytů imunologie   klasifikace   patologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk MeSH
• regulace genové exprese * imunologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Bone marrow-and adult kidney-derived stem/progenitor cells hold promise in the development of therapies for renal failure. Here is reported the identification and characterization of renal multipotent progenitors in human embryonic kidneys that share CD24 and CD133 surface expression with adult renal progenitors and have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. It was found that these CD24+CD133+ cells constitute the early primordial nephron but progressively disappear during nephron development until they become selectively localized to the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule. When isolated and injected into SCID mice with acute renal failure from glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis, these cells regenerated different portions of the nephron, reduced tissue necrosis and fibrosis, and significantly improved renal function. No tumorigenic potential was observed. It is concluded that CD24+CD133+ cells represent a subset of multipotent embryonic progenitors that persist in human kidneys from early stages of nephrogenesis. The ability of these cells to repair renal damage, together with their apparent lack of tumorigenicity, suggests their potential in the treatment of renal failure.

• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• antigen CD24 biosyntéza   MeSH
• CD antigeny biosyntéza   MeSH
• embryo savčí cytologie   MeSH
• glykoproteiny biosyntéza   MeSH
• kmenové buňky cytologie   MeSH
• konfokální mikroskopie MeSH
• ledvinové kanálky metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši SCID MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nefrony patologie   MeSH
• peptidy MeSH
• regenerace MeSH
• renální insuficience metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• rhabdomyolýza patologie   terapie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH