The aim of this study was to compare selected ankle and knee kinematic and kinetic parameters before and a fter a prolonged exhaustive treadmill run between two groups of non-rearfoot footstrike pattern (NRFP) runners with different training volumes. Twenty-eight habitual NRFP runners were assigned to two groups based on their weekly training volume (Highly-trained (HT)/Moderately-trained (MT)). Participants underwent the VO2max test, and the exhaustive treadmill ran with biomechanical analysis at the beginning and the end. The two-way RMANOVA was used to assess differences between the groups and the phase of the run. A paired t-test was used for post-hoc analysis in case of significant interaction effect. Kinetic results showed significant group effect for ankle plantarflexion moment and hip external rotation moment (end-phase: both greater in MT group). Kinematic results showed significant group×phase interaction for ankle dorsiflexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group) at initial contact (IC), peak knee flexion angle (end-phase: greater in MT group), and peak ankle eversion angle during the stance phase (end-phase: greater in HT group). Additionally, a group effect was found for knee flexion angle at IC (end-phase: greater in HT group). This study suggests that HT healthy NRFP runners may have less potential for increased biomechanical risk of AT overload during an exhaustive run.
- MeSH
- běh * fyziologie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hlezenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- kolenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- koleno * fyziologie MeSH
- kondiční příprava * metody MeSH
- kotník * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Head tremor poses diagnostic problems, especially when present as an isolated or predominant symptom. OBJECTIVES: To assess how maneuvers activating upper limb postural tremor can help differentiate head tremor in essential tremor (ET) from dystonic tremor (DT) in cervical dystonia. METHODS: 48 patients with head tremor (25 ET, 23 DT), underwent clinical examination and accelerometric evaluation of head and upper limb tremor during routine tremor-inducing tasks. RESULTS: While accelerometric power and clinical scores of head tremor did not significantly differ between patient groups, task-induced variations revealed distinctions. ET patients exhibited increased head tremor power and clinical scores during forward outstretched and lateral wing-beating arm positions, unlike DT patients. Coherence between head and upper limb tremor remained consistent. Tremor stability index showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Task-induced changes in head tremor could aid in distinguishing between ET and DT. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic approaches for head tremor.
- MeSH
- akcelerometrie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dystonie diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- esenciální tremor * diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- hlava * patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- paže * patofyziologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tortikolis diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- tremor * diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Modern trends in reconstructive surgery involve the use of free perforator flaps to reduce the donor site morbidity. The course of perforator vessels has a great anatomic variability and demands detailed knowledge of the anatomical relationships and the variability of the course of the perforators. The numerous modifications to perforator nomenclature proposed by various authors resulted in confusion rather than simplification. In our study, we focused on the hypothesis that a septocutaneous perforator traverses from the given source vessel to the deep fascia adherent to but not to within the septum itself. METHODS: Sixty-nine septocutaneous perforators from three different limb donor sites (lateral arm flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and radial forearm free flap) were collected from the gross pathology specimens of 14 fresh cadavers. The gross picture and the cross-sections with the histological cross-sections on different levels were examined to determine the position of the vessel to the septal tissue. RESULTS: Of the observed 69 septal perforators, 61 (88.5%) perforators were adherent to but not within the septum. The remaining eight (12.5%) perforators passed through the septum. All these eight perforators were found in multiple different cross-section levels (2 of 19 in lateral arm flap, 3 of 27 in anterolateral thigh flap, and 3 of 23 in radial forearm free flap). CONCLUSION: Although septocutaneous vessels appear identical macroscopically, microscopically two types of vessels with paraseptal and intraseptal pathways are observed. The majority of these vessels are merely adherent to the septum having a paraseptal pathway, while a minority are within the septum and are "true" septocutaneous perforators. It is advisable to dissect with a piece of the septum in order to avoid damage or injury to the perforator.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mrtvola MeSH
- perforátorový lalok * krevní zásobení MeSH
- předloktí krevní zásobení chirurgie MeSH
- stehno krevní zásobení MeSH
- volné tkáňové laloky * krevní zásobení MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study was aimed to analyse the lower limb kinematics during the change of direction (COD) performance with the dominant (DL) and non-dominant (NDL) leg using linear (traditional kinematics) and nonlinear (Self Organising Map-based cluster analysis) approaches. Three 5-0-5 COD performances with the DL and three with the NDL were performed by 23 (aged 21.6 ± 2.3 years) collegiate athletes. No significant difference was observed between the COD duration, and approach speed of DL and NDL. Significantly greater ankle abductions, knee and hip external rotations were identified in COD with DL, compared to NDL (p < .001, d > 0.8). Self Organising Maps portrayed a completely different coordination pattern profile during change of direction performance with the DL and NDL. The cluster analysis illustrated similar inter-individual coordination patterning when participants turned with their DL or NDL. No visible relationship was observed in the cluster analysis of the lower limb joint angles and angular velocities. Outcomes of this study portrayed that coordination patterning (combination of joint angles and the rate of change of angles) could portray the movement patterning differences in different tasks, while a sole investigation on the joint angles or angular velocities may not reveal the underlying mechanisms of movement patterning.
- MeSH
- bérec * fyziologie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- dolní končetina * fyziologie MeSH
- funkční lateralita * fyziologie MeSH
- kotník fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- motorické dovednosti * fyziologie MeSH
- nelineární dynamika MeSH
- pohyb fyziologie MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- sportovní výkon * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
AIM: A diabetes-related foot ulcer (DFU) is a major risk factor for lower-extremity amputation (LEA). To help clinicians predict the risk of LEA in people with DFU, the Diabetic Foot Risk Assessment (DIAFORA) system was developed but has never been externally validated. METHODS: In this study, 317 people presenting with a new DFU were included. At baseline, participants were grouped into three groups based on their DIAFORA score: low-risk (<15), medium-risk (15-25), and high-risk (>25). Participants were followed until healing, LEA, death, or at least 3 months. Discriminative accuracy was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios (LRs) and the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: All 317 participants completed at least 3 months of follow-up for a median duration of 146 days, during which 12.6% underwent minor amputation and 2.5% major amputation. People in the low- and medium-risk categories had major amputation rates of 0.9% and 2.1%, respectively, and negative LR of major LEA of 0.10 and 0.38, respectively, while the people in the high-risk category had an amputation rate of 25.0% and a positive LR of 12.9. The DIAFORA risk groups had a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 65.7%, with a corresponding AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.68-0.87) for the prediction of major LEA. CONCLUSION: The DIAFORA score is a useful tool for risk stratification of people presenting with a newly occurred DFU, with the external validation presenting results similar to those presented in the original study. The DIAFORA score may guide clinicians towards more individualized DFU treatment regimens.
- MeSH
- amputace * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- diabetická noha * chirurgie epidemiologie MeSH
- dolní končetina chirurgie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik metody MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Dánsko MeSH
BACKGROUND: Regular evaluation of foot posture should be performed to determine whether foot-level interventions are necessary because changes in foot posture may contribute to lower-limb overuse injuries. This pilot study aims to test the level of pronation in judokas. METHODS: A total of 61 judokas from Slovakia and the Czech Republic participated in the study, including 36 members of the youth team. Based on sex, the sample was composed of 42 males and 19 females with a mean ± SD age of 16.82 ± 2.41 years. Pronation was measured by the navicular drop test on the foot. RESULTS: According to the data, the mean ± SD pronation in males was 0.86 ± 0.34 cm on the right foot and 0.89 ± 0.34 cm on the left foot. The mean ± SD navicular drop measurement for the right foot was 0.874 ± 0.20 cm and 0.878 ± 0.23 for the left foot. No correlation between pronation and age (r = 0.29), height (r = 0.04), body mass index (r = 0.02), or years of judo training (r = 0.22) was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study of judoka pronation values is the first of its kind, providing novel insights into the biomechanics of judo athletes. The findings indicate that sex and age do not significantly influence pronation, suggesting that training and technique may play a more critical role in movement patterns.
- MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- bojové sporty * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- noha (od hlezna dolů) * fyziologie MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- pronace * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dolní končetina patologie MeSH
- hrudní obratle patologie MeSH
- laminektomie metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meziobratlová ploténka patologie MeSH
- neurochirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- paréza MeSH
- výhřez meziobratlové ploténky * komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
The feasibility of a pedicled flexor digitorum superficialis muscle flap was studied in 10 fresh cadavers. The number, length and distance from the flexion wrist crease of muscular branches from the ulnar artery in the distal 10 cm of the forearm were recorded. The mean number of muscular branches was 2.7 (range 1-4). The mean distance of the most distal branch was 35 mm (range 26-40) from the proximal wrist flexion crease. Its mean length was 20 mm (range 16-26). A partial muscle flap was raised on the most distal branch and transposed over the median nerve in the distal forearm. Dissection and transposition of this flap were feasible in all specimens. The reliable pattern of muscular branches to the flexor digitorum superficialis allows the elevation of a pedicled partial muscle flap that can cover the median nerve in the distal forearm.Level of evidence: V.
- MeSH
- arteria ulnaris * chirurgie MeSH
- chirurgické laloky * krevní zásobení MeSH
- kosterní svaly * krevní zásobení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mrtvola * MeSH
- nervus medianus chirurgie MeSH
- předloktí * chirurgie krevní zásobení MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
V kazuistice prezentujeme případ patnáctiletého chlapce se vzácnou primární imunodeficiencí, tzv. syndromem XMEN. Tento syndrom je charakterizován zvýšenou náchylností k chronické EBV infekci a lymfoproliferacím asociovaným s EBV, dalšími klinickými znaky bývají sinopulmonární infekce, otitidy, lymfadenopatie, dysgamaglobulinemie a autoimunitní cytopenie. XMEN syndrom je způsoben mutacemi genu MAGT1, který kóduje přenašeč hořečnatých kationtů magnesium transporter protein 1. Klíčovým bodem kazuistiky je strastiplná diagnostická cesta pacienta, jemuž přes postupné návštěvy celé řady specialistů chybělo komplexní zhodnocení stavu a zachycení souvislostí různých klinických symptomů, které přinesla až návštěva v ambulanci alergologa/klinického imunologa
In this case report, we present a case of a 15 year old boy with a rare primary immunodeficiency called XMEN syndrome. XMEN syndrom is characterized by increased susceptibility to chronic EBV infection and EBV-associated lymphoproliferation, sinopulmonary and ear infections, lymphadenopathy, dysgammaglobulinemia, and autoimmune cytopenias. XMEN disease is caused by loss of function mutations in the gene MAGT1, which codes magnesium transporter protein 1.The critical point of the case report is the difficult diagnostic journey of the patient, who, despite a series of visits to several specialists, lacked a comprehensive assessment of his condition. A visit to an allergist/ clinical immunologist only gave a grasp of the context of various clinical symptoms.
