OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a prospective cohort study to examine the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as predicted by baseline neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and brain regional glucose metabolic dysfunction. METHODS: About 1,363 cognitively unimpaired individuals (52.8% males) aged ≥50 years were followed for a median of 4.8 years to the outcome of incident MCI. NPS were assessed using Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. Glucose hypometabolism was measured by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and defined as standardized uptake value ratio ≤ 1.47 in regions typically affected in Alzheimer disease. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 status. RESULTS: Participants with regional glucose hypometabolism and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II ≥13) had a more than threefold increased risk of incident MCI (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.66 [1.75, 7.65], p <0.001, χ2 = 11.83, degree of freedom [df] = 1) as compared to the reference group (normal regional glucose metabolism and no depression), and the risk was also significantly elevated (7.21 [3.54, 14.7], p <0.001, χ2 = 29.68, df = 1) for participants with glucose hypometabolism and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory ≥10). Having glucose hypometabolism and ≥1 NPS (3.74 [2.40, 5.82], p <0.001, χ2 = 34.13, df = 1) or ≥2 NPS (3.89 [2.20, 6.86], p <0.001, χ2 = 21.92, df = 1) increased the risk of incident MCI by more than three times, and having ≥3 NPS increased the risk by more than four times (4.12 [2.03, 8.37], p <0.001, χ2 = 15.39, df = 1). CONCLUSION: Combined presence of NPS with regional glucose hypometabolism is associated with an increased risk of incident MCI, with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography appearing to be a stronger driving force of cognitive decline than NPS.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc metabolismus   MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnostické zobrazování   metabolismus   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   metabolismus   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí metabolismus   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• exprese proteinu REST, léčebný potenciál,
• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * diagnóza   genetika   chemicky indukované   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• cizopasní červi MeSH
• demence diagnóza   genetika   chemicky indukované   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy MeSH
• kognitivní rezerva * fyziologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mozek anatomie a histologie   cytologie   fyziologie   metabolismus   patofyziologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• neurodegenerativní nemoci * MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• oxidační stres * fyziologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• preklinické hodnocení léčiv MeSH
• umlčovací elementy transkripční fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• novinové články MeSH

Aphanomyces astaci, the crayfish plague pathogen, first appeared in Europe in the mid-19(th) century and is still responsible for mass mortalities of native European crayfish. The spread of this parasite across the continent is especially facilitated by invasive North American crayfish species that serve as its reservoir. In France, multiple cases of native crayfish mortalities have been suggested to be connected with the presence of the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus, which is highly abundant in the country. It shares similar habitats as the native white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes and, when infected, the signal crayfish might therefore easily transmit the pathogen to the native species. We investigated the prevalence of A. astaci in French signal crayfish populations to evaluate the danger they represent to local populations of native crayfish. Over 500 individuals of Pacifastacus leniusculus from 45 French populations were analysed, plus several additional individuals of other non-indigenous crayfish species Orconectes limosus, O. immunis and Procambarus clarkii. Altogether, 20% of analysed signal crayfish tested positive for Aphanomyces astaci, and the pathogen was detected in more than half of the studied populations. Local prevalence varied significantly, ranging from 0% up to 80%, but wide confidence intervals suggest that the number of populations infected by A. astaci may be even higher than our results show. Analysis of several individuals of other introduced species revealed infections among two of these, O. immunis and P. clarkii. Our results confirm that the widespread signal crayfish serves as a key reservoir of Aphanomyces astaci in France and therefore represents a serious danger to native crayfish species, especially the white-clawed crayfish. The prevalence in other non-indigenous crayfish should also be investigated as they likely contribute to pathogen transmission in the country.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 diagnostické užití   MeSH
• fyziologie buňky * MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mapování mozku * MeSH
• myši MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• neuronové sítě MeSH
• neurozobrazování * MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Auxin binding protein 1 (ABP1) is a putative auxin receptor and its function is indispensable for plant growth and development. ABP1 has been shown to be involved in auxin-dependent regulation of cell division and expansion, in plasma-membrane-related processes such as changes in transmembrane potential, and in the regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. However, the ABP1-regulated downstream pathway remains elusive. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using auxin transport assays and quantitative analysis of cellular morphology we show that ABP1 regulates auxin efflux from tobacco BY-2 cells. The overexpression of ABP1can counterbalance increased auxin efflux and auxin starvation phenotypes caused by the overexpression of PIN auxin efflux carrier. Relevant mechanism involves the ABP1-controlled vesicle trafficking processes, including positive regulation of endocytosis of PIN auxin efflux carriers, as indicated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and pharmacological manipulations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The findings indicate the involvement of ABP1 in control of rate of auxin transport across plasma membrane emphasizing the role of ABP1 in regulation of PIN activity at the plasma membrane, and highlighting the relevance of ABP1 for the formation of developmentally important, PIN-dependent auxin gradients.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 diagnostické užití   MeSH
• fyziologie buňky * MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mapování mozku * MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• neuronové sítě MeSH
• neurozobrazování * MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH