PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum microRNAs in predicting pathologic findings of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). METHODS: PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library were searched in August 2024 to identify eligible studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. RESULTS: Nine studies comprising 603 patients were selected in this review. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of microRNA-371a-3p for predicting viable tumor other than pure teratoma in RPLND specimen were 0.76 (95% CI 0.49-0.90), 0.97 (95% CI 0.81-0.99) and 31.75 (95% CI 9.24-109.10), respectively. The pooled sensitivity for primary and post-chemotherapy RPLND (PC-RPLND), were 0.77 (95% CI 0.47-0.93) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.28-0.95), respectively. The pooled specificity for primary and PC-RPLND were 0.92 (95% CI 0.72-0.98) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.62-1.00), respectively. The pooled DOR for primary and PC-RPLND were 13.86 (95% CI 2.97-64.79) and 64.11 (95% CI 13.09-313.98), respectively. The major limitation is the lack of standardization of miR371 testing. CONCLUSION: miR-371a-3p is a relatively sensitive and highly specific marker for predicting viable tumors in RPLND pathologic findings. The DOR was particularly significant for patients who underwent PC-RPLND. While serum microRNAs may be useful in distinguishing viable germ cell tumors from necrosis, fibrosis, and teratomas, their ability to differentiate teratomas from necrosis is limited. Well-designed prospective studies are essential to enhance our understanding of the predictive performance of microRNAs.

• Klíčová slova
• Germ cell tumor, MicroRNA, MicroRNA-371a-3p, RPLND, Testicular cancer,
• MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory * krev   patologie   diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy MeSH
• mikro RNA * krev   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor MeSH
• testikulární nádory * krev   patologie   diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mikro RNA * MeSH

To evaluate the oncological outcomes and safety of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with clinical stage (CS) II seminomatous testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). A literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted on July 2023 to identify relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The pooled recurrence rate and treatment-related complications were calculated using a random effects model. Overall 8 studies published between 1997 and 2023 including a total of 355 patients were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis with the overall median follow-up of 38 months. The overall and infield recurrence rate were 0.14 (95% CI: 0.08-0.22) and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.00-0.11), respectively. The overall pooled rate of ≥ Clavien Dindo grade III complications was 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10); there was no significant heterogeneity (I^2 = 35.10%, P = 0.19). Antegrade ejaculation was preserved with the overall pooled rate of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00); there was no significant heterogeneity on Chi-square and I2 tests (I^2 = 0.00%, P = 0.58). Primary RPLND is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with CS II seminomatous TGCT resulting highly promising cure rates combined with low treatment-associated adverse events, at medium-term follow-up. However, owing to the lack of comparative studies to the current standard of care and the limited follow-up, individual decision must be made with the informed patient in a shared decision process together with a multidisciplinary team.

• Klíčová slova
• Chemotherapy, Germ cell tumor, Radiotherapy, Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, Seminoma, Testicular cancer,
• MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * metody   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor MeSH
• seminom * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• staging nádorů * MeSH
• testikulární nádory * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneal tumours (RTs) in adults are a rare heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from the retroperitoneal space. RTs'clinical manifestations are nonspecific and depend on their anatomical positioning and relation with bordering structures. Our study aimed to retrospectively evaluate our patients' diagnosis, length of hospital stay, disease-free period and postoperative metastasis occurrence. METHODS: From 2011 to 2019, fifteen suspected RT resections were performed at our centre. Retrospective analysis of patients' hospital stays, follow-up, histological and immunological tumour profile, and metastasis occurrence/ re-occurrence was performed. RESULT: All of the 15 (100%) patients were males. The average age of our patients was 44 years (SD ± 11.2 years), average hospital stay was 7.4 days (SD±3.4 days) (Tab.1). All resected tumours underwent histological and immunological evaluation. Based on histological examination of the resected tumours, nonseminomatous germ cell tumours were present in 12 (80%) patients - including teratoma in 4 (26.6%) patients, seminoma in 2 (13.3%) patients, and malignant B-cell lymphoma in 1 (6.6%) patient. The average patient follow-up was 42.7 months (SD±31.4.9 months). Complete remission after the surgery was achieved in 11 (76.9%) patients, and 2 (13.3%) patients were lost in follow-up. CONCLUSION: RT is a rare heterogeneous group of neoplasm. The patient's prognosis dramatically depends on the type of tumour, metastasis occurrence and re-occurrence, and the surgeons' ability to resect the tumour completely.

• Klíčová slova
• resection, retroperitoneal, surgery, surgical, treatment, tumors, tumours, type 2 diabetes,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retroperitoneální nádory * chirurgie   patologie   sekundární   MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor patologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• testikulární nádory * patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Retroperitoneal abscess after abdominal and retroperitoneal surgery is a relatively rare but serious complication that most often occurs as a result of a healing disorder in the postoperative period. The incidence is not high, in the literature the cases are mostly reported as case reports with a serious clinical course, high morbidity and mortality. The most important factor of effective treatment, after successful diagnosis by CT examination is rapid evacuation of the abscess and retroperitoneal drainage, in which mini-invasive surgical or radiological drainage dominate as methods of choice. Surgical drainage, burdened by higher morbidity and mortality is considered the last resort after failure of mini-invasive methods. In our case report, we present a case of retroperitoneal abscess, arising as a complication after gastric resection, which was evacuated and drained primarily surgically due to unsuitability for radiological intervention.

• Klíčová slova
• abscess, retroperitoneum, surgical drainage,
• MeSH
• absces MeSH
• břišní absces * diagnóza   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• drenáž škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci peritonea * MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• žaludek MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 disease is associated with a high risk of thromboembolic events, especially in patients with a severe course of the disease. At the same time, however, there is a risk of bleeding. These complications have a significant impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Thus, determining an optimal approach to thromboembolic disease prophylaxis can be challenging. CASE REPORTS: This paper presents two cases of polymorbid female patients suffering from COVID-19. Both patients experienced retroperitoneal hemorrhage while on low molecular weight heparins in the process of deintensification of the treatment of their moderate to severe disease. Although both patients were treated surgically with a good local effect on the hemorrhage, their deterioration progressed, finally resulting in death in both the cases. CONCLUSION: Despite the proven benefit of prophylaxis of thromboembolic events using low molecular weight heparins in patients with COVID-19, care should be taken to monitor coagulation laboratory parameters in proper time intervals. The risk of a fatal course of bleeding complications is extremely high in critically ill patients and patients with multiple comorbidities.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coagulopathy, retroperitoneal hemorrhage,
• MeSH
• antikoagulancia MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• krvácení etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antikoagulancia MeSH

Retroperitoneal hematoma is a life-threatening condition where early diagnosis and correct treatment are of utmost importance. Bleeding in the retroperitoneal space has a high mortality rate. The aim of this study was to present current published scientific evidence regarding the incidence, mechanism of injury, diagnostic methods and treatment based on a review of international literature covering the last 40 years. The systematic review of the literature was performed using the SCOPUS and PUBMED databases. Publications in English were included. We have not included publications dealing with this issue in children. Systematic reviews showed an increasing trend toward nonsurgical management of retroperitoneal injuries.

• Klíčová slova
• retroperitoneal hematoma, trauma, treatment − diagnosis,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• gastrointestinální krvácení MeSH
• hematom diagnostické zobrazování   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci peritonea * MeSH
• poranění břicha * MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder including unicentric and multicentric forms which can further be divided into four histopathologic variants (hyaline vascular, plasma cell, mixed, and plasmablastic). Multicentric CD typically behaves as an aggressive, relapsing entity with generalized lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms. PET/CT following 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose administration (FDG-PET/CT) represents an imaging modality commonly used in malignant lymphomas for staging purposes and response assessment. However, literature data on its role in CD have been limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients, 18 men and 11 women, dia-gnosed in 1998-2016 were enrolled in our retrospective study. All patients underwent FDG-PET/CT during initial staging and/or as part of response assessment. We measured the maximum diameter of a lesion and established an index value corresponding to the ratio of the maximum standardized uptake value for the observed lesion and for the liver. The information about imaging examinations, patients, and disease extensions was put in a registry and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Unicentric and multicentric CD was dia-gnosed in 17 and 12 patients, respectively. Median age at the dia-gnosis was comparable between the two groups (51 and 58 years, respectively; P = 0.352). The majority of patients with multicentric CD (83%) were men. In women, the unicentric form prevailed (82 vs. 18%) while the difference between the two forms was of borderline significance in men (44 vs. 56%; P = 0.064). Most of the patients (88%) with unicentric CD had the hyaline vascular pathology type. On the contrary, the plasma cell type was predominant in multicentric CD (42%). The most commonly included anatomic sites included the retroperitoneum (52%) and the thorax (43%). Inguinal node involvement developed only in patients with multicentric CD. In repeatedly examined patients, FDG-PET/CT demonstrated a progressively decreasing size and metabolic activity of a selected lymph node. CONCLUSION: FDG-PET/CT represents a suitable modality for initial staging and response monitoring of CD, especially in patients with a multicentric form.

• Klíčová slova
• Castleman disease, FDG-PET/CT, SUVmax lesion/SUVmax hepar index,
• MeSH
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH
• hrudník diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• hyperplazie velkých lymfatických uzlin diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• PET/CT * MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 * MeSH

Distant abscesses are uncommon during the episode of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, these are possible sequalae of necrotizing pancreatitis and should be treated appropriately to prevent serious septic complications. We demonstrate a case of a 56-year-old male patient who presented with severe necrotizing pancreatitis and distant retroperitoneal abscess that reached femoral region and was detected on diagnostic imaging scans. Combination of surgical and supportive therapy was employed, and the patient recovered well with no permanent consequences. Our article highlights the importance of quick and accurate diagnosis and timely intervention in this rare type of pancreatitis complication.

• Klíčová slova
• drainage, pancreatitis, retroperitoneal,
• MeSH
• akutní nekrotizující pankreatitida komplikace   MeSH
• břišní absces diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• drenáž MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor MeSH
• stehno diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

We present the case report of bilateral renal angiomyolipomas in a 70-year-old patient. Spontaneous bleeding into the retroperitoneum and hemodynamic instability required an acute surgical revision with a left-sided nephrectomy. The contralateral angiomyolipoma was selectively embolized in the second period and subsequently resected.

• Klíčová slova
• angiomyolipoma − spontaneous rupture − retroperitoneal bleeding − Wunderlich syndrome − tuberous sclerosis,
• MeSH
• angiomyolipom * komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• nefrektomie MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tuberózní skleróza * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma is a serious complication of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. Its incidence has increased in recent years due to an increasing number of patients on this treatment. A number of case series have been described in the literature. In the vast majority of cases, the hemodynamically stable patients were treated either conservatively or by selective radiological embolization of the bleeding source. A surgical approach is reported as a last choice in the cases where the conservative therapy fails, radiological intervention is unavailable, in patients with continuous bleeding or in patients who develop abdominal compartment syndrome. In our case report, we present a patient on anticoagulation therapy for deep venous thrombosis complicated by massive retroperitoneal bleeding: surgery was used as the method of first choice and the treatment was successful. Key words: retroperitoneal hematoma bleeding anticoagulation treatment surgery.

• Klíčová slova
• retroperitoneal hematoma bleeding anticoagulation treatment surgery,
• MeSH
• antikoagulancia MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony * MeSH
• gastrointestinální krvácení MeSH
• hematom * terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci peritonea * terapie   MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antikoagulancia MeSH