Melanoma cells secrete pro-angiogenic factors, which stimulates growth, proliferation and metastasis, and therefore are key therapeutic targets. Buddleja saligna (BS), and an isolated triterpenoid mixture (DT-BS-01) showed a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 33.80 ± 1.02 and 5.45 ± 0.19 µg/mL, respectively, against melanoma cells (UCT-MEL-1) with selectivity index (SI) values of 1.64 and 5.06 compared to keratinocytes (HaCat). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition was observed with IC50 values of 35.06 ± 2.96 (BS) and 26.40 ± 4.19 µg/mL (DT-BS-01). BS (30 µg/mL) significantly inhibited interleukin (IL)-6 (83.26 ± 17.60%) and IL-8 (100 ± 0.2%) production, whereas DT-BS-01 (5 µg/mL) showed 51.07 ± 2.83 (IL-6) and 0 ± 6.7% (IL-8) inhibition. Significant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition, by 15.84 ± 4.54 and 12.21 ± 3.48%, respectively, was observed. In the ex ovo chick embryo yolk sac membrane assay (YSM), BS (15 µg/egg) significantly reduced new blood vessel formation, with 53.34 ± 11.64% newly formed vessels. Silver and palladium BS nanoparticles displayed noteworthy SI values. This is the first report on the significant anti-angiogenic activity of BS and DT-BS-01 and should be considered for preclinical trials as there are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs to inhibit angiogenesis in melanoma.

• Klíčová slova
• Buddleja saligna, angiogenesis, antiproliferative activity, ex ovo YSM, melanoma,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In search of new cytotoxic derivatives based on the lupane scaffold, methyl betulonate and methyl 20,29-dihydrobetulonate were conjugated with Reformatsky reagents to provide homolupanes extended at the C3-carbon atom. Further transformations of the functional groups afforded a series of derivatives with 2-hydroxyethyl and allyl alcohol moieties. Their varying antiproliferative activity in vitro was then investigated in four cancer cell lines and in normal human BJ fibroblasts. In cervical carcinoma HeLa cells, derivatives 5, 6 and 17 were the most promising with lower micromolar IC50s and no toxicity to fibroblasts, thus showing a high therapeutic index. In addition, induction of apoptosis was found in HeLa cells after 24 h treatment with compounds 5, 6, 13 and 29. This newly synthesized series is more interesting than the published lupane and homolupane triterpenes and saponins, due to their nontoxicity towards healthy human cells and stronger cytotoxicity to various cancer cell lines. This approach increases their potential as anticancer agents.

• Klíčová slova
• Antiproliferative activity, Apoptosis, Cancer cells, Fibroblasts, Lupanes, Reformatsky reaction,
• MeSH
• HeLa buňky MeSH
• kyselina betulinová MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• protinádorové látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• triterpeny * farmakologie   MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kyselina betulinová MeSH
• lupane MeSH Prohlížeč
• protinádorové látky * MeSH
• triterpeny * MeSH

Prenylated or geranylated flavonoids have been studied for their promising antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities. Twelve natural geranylated flavonoids (1-12) were isolated from the fruit of Paulownia tomentosa Steud. Their structures were elucidated using UV and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configurations were determined using NMR and circular dichroism. Seven of the compounds were characterized as new geranylated derivatives isolated from a natural source for the first time, namely 3'-O-methyl-5'-hydroxyisodiplacone (3), paulodiplacone A (5), tomentone II (6), tomentone B (7), tomentodiplacone P (8), paulodiplacone B (9), and tomentoflavone A (12). After 24 h of incubation at concentrations in the range 1-30 μM, the isolated compounds were tested for their antiproliferative and cytotoxic potentials against the human monocytic leukaemia cell line THP-1, using WST-1 and LDH assays, respectively. Almost all of the test compounds induced a concentration-dependent reduction in the metabolic activity of THP-1 cells and a concentration-dependent reduction in the cell viability. Diplacone (1) was the most potent antiproliferative and cytotoxic agent (IC50 9.31 ± 0.72 μM, LC50 18.01 ± 1.19 µM). 3'-O-Methyl-5'-hydroxydiplacone (2) showed relatively strong antiproliferative effect (IC50 12.61 ± 0.90 μM) and weaker cytotoxic activity (LC50 > 30 μM), indicating that it may serve as a potential lead compound for further testing. The structure-activity relationship for the 12 isolated compounds is discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• Antiproliferative activity, Cytotoxic activity, Flavonoid, Geranyl, Paulownia tomentosa, Prenyl, THP-1 cell line,
• MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Magnoliopsida chemie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
• ovoce chemie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• flavonoidy MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

A series of six heteroleptic copper(II) complexes with 2'-hydroxy-4-(dimethylamino)chalcone (HL) with the composition [Cu(N-N)(L)]NO3 (1-6), where N-N stands for dmbpy = 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (1), bphen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (2), dbbpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (3), nphen = 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (4), bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, (5), and dpa = 2,2'-dipyridylamine (6), was prepared and thoroughly characterized. The in vitro cytotoxicity screening on eight human cancer cell lines identified complex 2, containing the bulkiest N-donor ligands (bphen) as highly cytotoxic against cancer cells, with IC50 values ranking from 1.0 to 2.3 μM, with good selectivity and low toxicity against healthy human fetal lung fibroblasts MRC-5. The cell-based assays, involving the most effective complex 2 in A2780 cancer cells, revealed its strong pro-apoptotic effects based on the effective activation of caspases 3/7, ROS overproduction, and autophagy in the A2780 cells while not impeding the cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane functions. The cellular uptake studies in A2780 and 22Rv1 cells uncovered no intracellular transport of the cationic complex 2, supporting the hypothesis that the in vitro anticancer effects of complex 2 are based on the combined extrinsic activation of apoptosis and autophagy induction.

• Klíčová slova
• antiproliferative activity, cell cycle, cell death, chalcone, copper(II) complexes, in vitro cytotoxicity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A series of 78 synthetic 7-chloro-(4-thioalkylquinoline) derivatives were investigated for cytotoxic activity against eight human cancer as well as 4 non-tumor cell lines. The results showed, with some exceptions, that sulfanyl 5-40 and sulfinyl 41-62 derivatives exhibited lower cytotoxicity for cancer cell lines than those of well-described sulfonyl N-oxide derivatives 63-82. As for compound 81, the most pronounced selectivity (compared against BJ and MRC-5 cells) was observed for human cancer cells from HCT116 (human colorectal cancer with wild-type p53) and HCT116p53-/- (human colorectal cancer with deleted p53), as well as leukemia cell lines (CCRF-CEM, CEM-DNR, K562, and K562-TAX), lung (A549), and osteosarcoma cells (U2OS). A good selectivity was also detected for compounds 73 and 74 for leukemic and colorectal (with and without p53 deletion) cancer cells (compared to MRC-5). At higher concentrations (5 × IC50) against the CCRF-CEM cancer cell line, we observe the accumulation of the cells in the G0/G1 cell phase, inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, and induction of apoptosis. In addition, X-ray data for compound 15 is being reported. These results provide useful scientific data for the development of 4-thioalkylquinoline derivatives as a new class of anticancer candidates.

• Klíčová slova
• DNA/RNA damage, Sulfanyl-Sulfinyl-Sulfonyl groups, antiproliferative activity, cell cycle, synthesis of 4-thioalkylquinoline,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This review deals with cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of fifty seven prenylated phenols isolated from Morus alba. Prenyl side chain, which can be variously modified, increases lipophilicity of the substances, thereby improving their penetration through biological membranes and thus results in an increased bioavailability. The objective was to describe the relationship between structure of the prenylated phenols and their cytotoxic effect and to clarify various mechanisms by which cytotoxic prenylated phenols induce apoptosis. The conclusions showed that the cytotoxicity of the substances increases with increasing number of the prenyl side chains and ketal groups. Conversely, modification of the prenyl side chain, such as hydroxylation, reduces cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic activity is also influenced by the presence of prenyl and hydroxyl groups at specific positions.

• Klíčová slova
• <i>Morus alba</i>, anti­proliferative activity, cytotoxicity, prenylated phenols,
• MeSH
• cytotoxiny izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fenoly izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• Morus chemie   MeSH
• prenylace MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytotoxiny MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship analysis of a two groups of 2,3-seco analogues of brassinosteroids (BRs) were performed to examine their antiproliferative activities. Two steroid skeletons were chosen for the preparation of seco analogues - cholestane and stigmastane. The synthetic strategy consists of multistep reactions and detailed analysis of compounds prepared. We have discovered unpublished behaviour of 2,3-seco-2,3-dihydroxy-6-ketones leading to formation of intramolecular ketal with two new steroidal rings. Their reaction intermediates were also characterized in some cases. All compounds prepared were fully characterized with NMR and MS techniques. Most of compounds were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on three cancer cell lines (CEM, MCF7, and HeLa) and normal human fibroblasts (BJ). It was discovered that some seco analogues caused apoptosis in cancer cells. The most promising seco derivative 28 proved to have high therapeutic index.

• Klíčová slova
• Apoptosis, Brassinosteroids, Cyclization, Cytotoxicity, Seco analogues, Skeletal modification,
• MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• brassinosteroidy chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• HeLa buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• MFC-7 buňky MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• techniky syntetické chemie MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• brassinosteroidy MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH

A series of urea derivatives bearing nitroaryl moiety has been synthesized and assayed for their potential antiproliferative activities. Some of the tested compounds displayed activity in RK33 laryngeal cancer cells and TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cells while being generally less toxic to healthy HSF human fibroblasts cells. One compound was demonstrated to be a moderate CDK2 inhibitor with IC50 = 14.3 µM. Its structure was solved by an X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling was performed to determine structure-activity relationship. Obtained compounds constitute novel structures and generally demonstrated greater cytotoxicity in comparison to cisplatin. This study offers new structural motifs with potential for further development.

• Klíčová slova
• Antiproliferative, CDK inhibitor, cancer, molecular modelling, synthesis,
• MeSH
• cyklin-dependentní kinasa 2 antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• močovina analogy a deriváty   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• objevování léků * MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• CDK2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• cyklin-dependentní kinasa 2 MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas MeSH
• močovina MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH

Aroylhydrazone iron chelators such as salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH) protect various cells against oxidative injury and display antineoplastic activities. Previous studies have shown that a nitro-substituted hydrazone, namely, NHAPI, displayed markedly improved plasma stability, selective antitumor activity, and moderate antioxidant properties. In this study, we prepared four series of novel NHAPI derivatives and explored their iron chelation activities, anti- or pro-oxidant effects, protection against model oxidative injury in the H9c2 cell line derived from rat embryonic cardiac myoblasts, cytotoxicities to the corresponding noncancerous H9c2 cells, and antiproliferative activities against the MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma and HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell lines. Nitro substitution had both negative and positive effects on the examined properties, and we identified new structure-activity relationships. Naphthyl and biphenyl derivatives showed selective antiproliferative action, particularly in the breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line, where they exceeded the selectivity of the parent compound NHAPI. Of particular interest is a compound prepared from 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-nitroacetophenone and biphenyl-4-carbohydrazide, which protected cardiomyoblasts against oxidative injury at 1.8 ± 1.2 μM with 24-fold higher selectivity than SIH. These compounds will serve as leads for further structural optimization and mechanistic studies.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• chelátory železa chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• hydrazony chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• radioizotopy železa MeSH
• stabilita léku MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• chelátory železa MeSH
• hydrazony MeSH
• Iron-59 MeSH Prohlížeč
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• radioizotopy železa MeSH

We present the synthesis and characterization of six new heteroleptic osmium(II) complexes of the type [Os(C^N)(N^N)2]OTf (N^N = 2,2'-bipyridine and dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline; C^N = deprotonated methyl 1-butyl-2aryl-benzimidazolecarboxylate) with varying substituents in the R3 position of the phenyl ring of the cyclometalating C^N ligand. The new compounds are highly kinetically inert and absorb a full-wavelength range of visible light. An investigation of the antiproliferative activity of the new compounds has been performed using a panel of human cancer and noncancerous 2D cell monolayer cultures under dark conditions and green light irradiation. The results demonstrate that the new Os(II) complexes are markedly more potent than conventional cisplatin. The promising antiproliferative activity of selected Os(II) complexes was also confirmed using 3D multicellular tumor spheroids, which have the characteristics of solid tumors and can mimic the tumor tissue microenvironment. The mechanism of antiproliferative action of complexes has also been investigated and revealed that the investigated Os(II) complexes activate the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in cancer cells and disrupt calcium homeostasis.

• MeSH
• benzimidazoly farmakologie   MeSH
• homeostáza MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny * farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory * MeSH
• osmium farmakologie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• vápník MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• benzimidazoly MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny * MeSH
• osmium MeSH
• protinádorové látky * MeSH
• vápník MeSH