In the paper, we understand social capital as a variable that affects the quality of life. A variable whose change affects another variable is called a predictor. The paper is based on Putnam's understanding of social capital with the dimensions of trust, norms and networks. Trust is considered the most important dimension, and for the purposes of the paper social capital is identified with trust. Quality of life is a holistic concept with two dimensions expressing an assessment of satisfaction with life. After society became richer-in the 1960's in the West and, after the collapse of the bipolar world, also in Central and Eastern Europe-the need for quantity was replaced by the need for quality. The paper is focused on Czechia, with social capital as a predictor of quality of life being investigated geographically at the level of districts. According to the research hypothesis, social capital will have a strong influence on the quality of life of residents in Czechia, i.e., it will be its predictor. To test the validity of the research hypothesis, research was conducted. The aim of the paper is to outline the epistemology of social capital from the aspect of quality of life, description of quality of life and then to test the validity of the research hypothesis by measurements. The result of the quantification of social capital and quality of life at the level of districts and their correlation is important from an epistemological point of view for two reasons. The first is to question the generally accepted premise of the position of social capital as a strong predictor of quality of life. The second is the recognition that the premise of the position of social capital as a strong predictor of quality of life applies in the districts with the highest quality of life.

• Klíčová slova
• Czechia, predictor, quality of life, social capital, trust,
• MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• osobní uspokojení MeSH
• sociální kapitál * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: The concept of social capital has been extensively used to explain the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and adolescent health and well-being. Much less is known about the specific mechanism through which social capital impacts the relationship. This paper investigates whether an individual's perception of community social capital moderates or mediates the association between SES and life satisfaction. METHODS: This study employs cross-sectional data from the 2009-2010 Czech Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey: a WHO Collaborative Cross-National Study (HBSC). A sample of 4425 adolescents from the 5th, 7th and 9th grade (94.5% school response rate, 87% student response) was used to perform multilevel analysis. RESULTS: We found that pupils' life satisfaction was positively related to both family affluence and perceived wealth. Moreover, we found the cognitive component of social capital to be positively associated with life satisfaction. Additionally, a significant interaction was found, such that the social gradient in life satisfaction was flattened when pupils reported high levels of perceived community social capital. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that community social capital acts as an unequal health resource for adolescents, but could potentially represent opportunities for public health policy to close the gap in socioeconomic disparities.

• Klíčová slova
• Czech Republic, Health inequalities, Life satisfaction, Social capital, Youth,
• MeSH
• charakteristiky bydlení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• osobní uspokojení * MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rodina MeSH
• sociální kapitál * MeSH
• sociální prostředí MeSH
• společenská třída * MeSH
• víceúrovňová analýza MeSH
• zdraví dospívajících * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Previous research is inconclusive as to whether having an immigration background acts as a risk factor for poor mental health in adolescents, and furthermore, what contribution the social context in which adolescents grow up may make. To address these questions, the current study uses an integrative resilience framework to investigate the association between immigration background and adolescent mental health, and the moderating role of social capital at the individual, the school, and the national level. The study uses data gathered from nationally representative samples of adolescents aged 11, 13, and 15 years (Ngirls = 63,425 (52.1%); Mage = 13.57, SD = 1.64) from 29 countries participating in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Data analysis reveals that first- and second-generation immigrants reported higher levels of life dissatisfaction and psychosomatic symptoms than their native peers, and that this association varied across schools and countries. In addition, social capital was found to moderate the association between immigration background and adolescent mental health. Individual-level social support from peers and family and national-level trust protected against poor mental health in adolescents with an immigration background, while the opposite was true for individual-level teacher support. Supportive teacher-student relationships were found to provide more protection against poor mental health for native adolescents than for immigrant adolescents. Our findings indicate the importance of taking an ecological approach to design interventions to reduce the negative effects of having an immigration background on adolescent mental health.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• emigrace a imigrace MeSH
• emigranti a imigranti * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• sociální kapitál * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

While many researchers suggest that relational conflict has adverse performance effects in family firms, the exact mechanisms through which conflict harms performance are rarely empirically investigated. This paper explores the role of family social capital in the relationship between relational conflict and family firm performance. We hypothesize that the negative relationship between relational conflict and family firm performance is partially mediated by family social capital, while family ownership moderates the relationship between relational conflict and family social capital. In a sample of 175 U.S.-based small and medium-sized family firms recruited through Prolific Academic, we find that relational conflict harms firm performance indirectly through the erosion of family social capital. However, no evidence of a direct negative effect of relational conflict on performance is found. Our results also indicate that the negative relationship between relational conflict and family social capital is intensified by family ownership. We discuss the implications and contributions and present relevant directions for future research.

• Klíčová slova
• Relational conflict Family social capital Family ownership Family firm performance,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Researchers have shown interest in the relation between (a) social capital and individual income and (b) the individual health of people of industrial nations. The socioeconomic complexity of industrial nations makes it difficult to arrive at firm conclusions. We circumvent the obstacle by using data from a small-scale rural society of foragers-farmers in the Bolivian Amazon (Tsimane'). We examine the interactions between the outcome (BMI) and relative income, relative social capital, village income, and village social capital. We test three hypotheses: people in villages with more social capital should have higher BMI, the positive association between social capital and BMI will be more marked among the less well-off, and better-off people who display generosity will have higher BMI than better-off people who do not. On the methodological side we show the importance of: focusing on relative measures of income and social capital, estimating interaction between community and relative measures of income and social capital, and showing results through contour plots that summarize the relation between BMI and pairs of explanatory variables. On the substantive side we find evidence that village social capital and village income complement each other and are associated with higher BMI, the rich who are stingy have lower BMI than the rich who display generosity, and increase in village income might reduce individual incentives to invest in social capital. We explore interactions between explanatory variables and their influence on BMI, and end by recommending the use of an experimental research design to obtain unbiased estimates of causal effects.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• indiáni Jižní Ameriky MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• populační skupiny * MeSH
• příjem * MeSH
• sociální žádoucnost * MeSH
• sociologie MeSH
• společenská kontrola neformální * MeSH
• společenská třída MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• venkovské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• zemědělství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Bolívie MeSH

The nexus between corporate environment, social, and governance (ESG) performance and the consequent financial performance have been extensively explored in the literature. However, little is known whether the investment in ESG endeavors has any implication for the cost of capital of an enterprise. The present study investigates the impact of ESG performance of top global technology leading firms on their cost of capital. Panel data fixed effects and random effects and generalized method of moment (GMM) regression estimation techniques have been applied to ascertain this relationship during a period of eight years (2010-2017). For a deeper insight, we segregate the cost of capital into the cost of equity and cost of debt. The empirical outcomes reveal that ESG performance is positively associated with both measures of the cost of capital i.e., cost of equity and cost of debt. It suggests that socially responsible top global technology leaders bear a higher cost of capital as investors perceive ESG as an additional financial burden and do not treat ESG costs as a value-added factor. Hence, corporate managers shall rationalize investment in ESG undertakings to curtail their cost of capital. Based on these findings, the policy prescriptions are discussed for the concerned stakeholders.

• Klíčová slova
• Cost of debt, Cost of equity, ESG performance, GMM estimation, Global hi-tech companies, Panel fixed-effects,
• MeSH
• investice * MeSH
• organizace * MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• sociální prostředí MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The paper is an effort to find what determined the success of Polish health reform implemented in 1999 in the Silesian Voivodeship. The problem has been referred to "social capital" proposed by R. Putnam; the first part of the article contains a short description of this approach. Then data concerning health insurance performance in Poland are presented, which confirm that the Silesian Regional Sickness Fund functioned most effectively. As a possible factor influencing present decentralised institutions performance, the situation of the Silesian Region during the mid-war period was described. Autonomy of the region, as well as tradition of social voluntary activity may be a source of "social capital" in Putnam's meaning. Besides, continuity of the Prussian bismarckian health insurance system is presented as a potential source of "institutional memory" also increasing the present reform's chances for success. In the last part of the paper, limitations of applying the "social capital" approach to the Silesian case are presented, such as shortness of the mid-war autonomy period and changes in the cultural structure of Upper Silesia caused by migrations after World War II. Other factors, which could increase the efficacy of the health insurance system, such as relatively high incomes of the region's inhabitants, are also described. Nevertheless, the final conclusion is that social and cultural conditions deriving from historical traditions could have had a significant influence on the process of implementing health reform in 1999.

• MeSH
• kultura MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• politika * MeSH
• programy národního zdraví * MeSH
• reforma zdravotní péče * MeSH
• sociální opora MeSH
• sociální spravedlnost * MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• zdravotní pojištění * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Polsko MeSH

This article presents survey data from households from the Muoyo-Mukukutu area in Western Province, Zambia based on stratified sampling. Data from 411 households were collected using a questionnaire survey from 2022. Understanding the complexities of well-being is crucial for informing policies to enhance the quality of life and reduce multidimensional poverty in developing countries. Hence, the survey focuses on subjective and objective well-being and their determinants. Survey data contains details on various dimensions of objective well-being, such as living standards, health, and nutrition. It also covers the issue of subjective well-being (life satisfaction), including the related concept of freedom of choice. Moreover, we collected detailed information about diverse forms of inequalities and deprivations at the societal and intra-household level, paying particular attention to the areas of social capital and decision-making power. Additionally, the data contain details about the relationships with and attitudes to traditional leaders and statutory government representatives, respondents' economic activities and aspirations (with a special focus on agriculture), and their various socio-demographic characteristics. Individual survey results can be compared with a robust set of data as we intentionally used questions applied in other international surveys when possible.

• Klíčová slova
• Aspirations, government perceptions, Decision-making power, Deprivations, Human development, Intra-household inequalities,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Following recent literature, this study focused on the mediating mechanisms through which cultural capital leads to students' higher grades and academic ability. Structural modeling was applied to 2018 CZ_PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) data and the results showed that students' family highbrow cultural resources and reading interest have indirect positive effects on their reading ability and school grades via non-cognitive skills (i.e., students' aspirations and self-concept in reading). The results also implied that only a negligible part of the relationship between students' cultural capital and school grades is mediated by teacher-student relationships, which partly questions the core idea of Bourdieu's cultural reproduction theory. Still, the study suggests that there could be a significant relationship between student's beaux-arts consumption and their reading skills, however, this association could be rather indirect and mediated by student's educational aspirations and self-concept in reading. Finally, the results did not reveal any substantial differences in the mediating mechanism for male and female or low-status and high-status students.

• Klíčová slova
• Cultural capital, Highbrow cultural resources, Mediation effect, PISA, Reading ability, Reading interest, School grades,
• MeSH
• čtení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• školy * MeSH
• studenti * psychologie   MeSH
• stupeň vzdělání MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

This study investigates the empirical link between the social and financial performance of the Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) by utilizing the PVAR-Granger causality model and a fixed-effects panel data model with a rich dataset comprising 234 ESG-rated REITs across five developed economies from 2003 to 2019. The results suggest that investors pay attention to individual E/S/G metrics and price each component of ESG investing differently, with E-investing and S-investing practices being the significant financial performance factors of REITs. This study is the first attempt to test the social impact and risk mitigation hypotheses of the stakeholder theory of the corporation and the neoclassic trade-off argument to explore the association between corporate social responsibility and the market valuation of REITs. The full sample results strongly support the trade-off hypothesis, indicating that REITs' environmental policies involve high financial costs that may drain off capital and lead to decreasing market returns. On the contrary, investors have attached a higher value to S-investing performance, especially in the post-GFC period from 2011 to 2019. A positive premium for S-investing supports the stakeholder theory as the social impact could be monetarized into a higher return and a lower systematic risk and give rise to a competitive advantage.

• Klíčová slova
• Corporate social performance, ESG investing, PVAR Granger causality test, REITs, Stakeholder theory of corporation, Trade-off hypothesis,
• MeSH
• finanční řízení * MeSH
• investice MeSH
• kapitálové financování * metody   MeSH
• organizace MeSH
• sociální odpovědnost MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH