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Functional trait space and the latitudinal diversity gradient
C. Lamanna, B. Blonder, C. Violle, NJ. Kraft, B. Sandel, I. Šímová, JC. Donoghue, JC. Svenning, BJ. McGill, B. Boyle, V. Buzzard, S. Dolins, PM. Jørgensen, A. Marcuse-Kubitza, N. Morueta-Holme, RK. Peet, WH. Piel, J. Regetz, M. Schildhauer, N....
Language English Country United States
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
NLK
Free Medical Journals
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Freely Accessible Science Journals
from 1915 to 6 months ago
PubMed Central
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Europe PubMed Central
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Open Access Digital Library
from 1915-01-01
Open Access Digital Library
from 1915-01-15
- MeSH
- Biodiversity * MeSH
- Models, Biological * MeSH
- Plant Physiological Phenomena * MeSH
- Quantitative Trait, Heritable * MeSH
- Trees physiology MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
The processes causing the latitudinal gradient in species richness remain elusive. Ecological theories for the origin of biodiversity gradients, such as competitive exclusion, neutral dynamics, and environmental filtering, make predictions for how functional diversity should vary at the alpha (within local assemblages), beta (among assemblages), and gamma (regional pool) scales. We test these predictions by quantifying hypervolumes constructed from functional traits representing major axes of plant strategy variation (specific leaf area, plant height, and seed mass) in tree assemblages spanning the temperate and tropical New World. Alpha-scale trait volume decreases with absolute latitude and is often lower than sampling expectation, consistent with environmental filtering theory. Beta-scale overlap decays with geographic distance fastest in the temperate zone, again consistent with environmental filtering theory. In contrast, gamma-scale trait space shows a hump-shaped relationship with absolute latitude, consistent with no theory. Furthermore, the overall temperate trait hypervolume was larger than the overall tropical hypervolume, indicating that the temperate zone permits a wider range of trait combinations or that niche packing is stronger in the tropical zone. Although there are limitations in the data, our analyses suggest that multiple processes have shaped trait diversity in trees, reflecting no consistent support for any one theory.
Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate Copenhagen University 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742
Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599
Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Bradley University Peoria IL 61625
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721
iPlant Collaborative Tucson AZ 85721
Landcare Research Lincoln 7640 New Zealand
Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO 63166
New York Botanical Garden Bronx NY 10458
Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe NM 87501
Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Department of Bioscience and
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a The processes causing the latitudinal gradient in species richness remain elusive. Ecological theories for the origin of biodiversity gradients, such as competitive exclusion, neutral dynamics, and environmental filtering, make predictions for how functional diversity should vary at the alpha (within local assemblages), beta (among assemblages), and gamma (regional pool) scales. We test these predictions by quantifying hypervolumes constructed from functional traits representing major axes of plant strategy variation (specific leaf area, plant height, and seed mass) in tree assemblages spanning the temperate and tropical New World. Alpha-scale trait volume decreases with absolute latitude and is often lower than sampling expectation, consistent with environmental filtering theory. Beta-scale overlap decays with geographic distance fastest in the temperate zone, again consistent with environmental filtering theory. In contrast, gamma-scale trait space shows a hump-shaped relationship with absolute latitude, consistent with no theory. Furthermore, the overall temperate trait hypervolume was larger than the overall tropical hypervolume, indicating that the temperate zone permits a wider range of trait combinations or that niche packing is stronger in the tropical zone. Although there are limitations in the data, our analyses suggest that multiple processes have shaped trait diversity in trees, reflecting no consistent support for any one theory.
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- $a Blonder, Benjamin $u Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Copenhagen University, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
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