• Je něco špatně v tomto záznamu ?

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland

L. Pirjola, A. Dittrich, JV. Niemi, S. Saarikoski, H. Timonen, H. Kuuluvainen, A. Järvinen, A. Kousa, T. Rönkkö, R. Hillamo,

. 2016 ; 50 (1) : 294-304. [pub] 20151218

Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké

Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem

Perzistentní odkaz   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc16027829

Exhaust emissions of 23 individual city buses at Euro III, Euro IV and EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels were measured by the chasing method under real-world conditions at a depot area and on the normal route of bus line 24 in Helsinki. The buses represented different technologies from the viewpoint of engines, exhaust after-treatment systems (ATS) and fuels. Some of the EEV buses were fueled by diesel, diesel-electric, ethanol (RED95) and compressed natural gas (CNG). At the depot area the emission factors were in the range of 0.3-21 × 10(14) # (kg fuel)(-1), 6-40 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.88 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.56 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.01-1.2 g (kg fuel)(-1), for particle number (EFN), nitrogen oxides (EFNOx), black carbon (EFBC), organics (EFOrg), and particle mass (EFPM1), respectively. The highest particulate emissions were observed from the Euro III and Euro IV buses and the lowest from the ethanol and CNG-fueled buses, which emitted BC only during acceleration. The organics emitted from the CNG-fueled buses were clearly less oxidized compared to the other bus types. The bus line experiments showed that lowest emissions were obtained from the ethanol-fueled buses whereas large variation existed between individual buses of the same type indicating that the operating conditions by drivers had large effect on the emissions.

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

000      
00000naa a2200000 a 4500
001      
bmc16027829
003      
CZ-PrNML
005      
20161021130050.0
007      
ta
008      
161005s2016 xxu f 000 0|eng||
009      
AR
024    7_
$a 10.1021/acs.est.5b04105 $2 doi
024    7_
$a 10.1021/acs.est.5b04105 $2 doi
035    __
$a (PubMed)26682775
040    __
$a ABA008 $b cze $d ABA008 $e AACR2
041    0_
$a eng
044    __
$a xxu
100    1_
$a Pirjola, Liisa $u Department of Technology, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences , P.O. Box 4021, 00180 Helsinki, Finland. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
245    10
$a Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland / $c L. Pirjola, A. Dittrich, JV. Niemi, S. Saarikoski, H. Timonen, H. Kuuluvainen, A. Järvinen, A. Kousa, T. Rönkkö, R. Hillamo,
520    9_
$a Exhaust emissions of 23 individual city buses at Euro III, Euro IV and EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels were measured by the chasing method under real-world conditions at a depot area and on the normal route of bus line 24 in Helsinki. The buses represented different technologies from the viewpoint of engines, exhaust after-treatment systems (ATS) and fuels. Some of the EEV buses were fueled by diesel, diesel-electric, ethanol (RED95) and compressed natural gas (CNG). At the depot area the emission factors were in the range of 0.3-21 × 10(14) # (kg fuel)(-1), 6-40 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.88 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.004-0.56 g (kg fuel)(-1), 0.01-1.2 g (kg fuel)(-1), for particle number (EFN), nitrogen oxides (EFNOx), black carbon (EFBC), organics (EFOrg), and particle mass (EFPM1), respectively. The highest particulate emissions were observed from the Euro III and Euro IV buses and the lowest from the ethanol and CNG-fueled buses, which emitted BC only during acceleration. The organics emitted from the CNG-fueled buses were clearly less oxidized compared to the other bus types. The bus line experiments showed that lowest emissions were obtained from the ethanol-fueled buses whereas large variation existed between individual buses of the same type indicating that the operating conditions by drivers had large effect on the emissions.
650    _2
$a látky znečišťující vzduch $x analýza $x chemie $7 D000393
650    _2
$a velkoměsta $7 D002947
650    _2
$a molekulová hmotnost $7 D008970
650    12
$a motorová vozidla $7 D018986
650    _2
$a výfukové emise vozidel $x analýza $7 D001335
651    _2
$a Finsko $7 D005387
655    _2
$a časopisecké články $7 D016428
655    _2
$a práce podpořená grantem $7 D013485
700    1_
$a Dittrich, Aleš $u KVM - Katedra vozidel a motorů, Fakulta strojní Technická univerzita v Liberci , 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
700    1_
$a Niemi, Jarkko V $u Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority HSY, P.O. Box 100, 00066 HSY Helsinki, Finland. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki Finland.
700    1_
$a Saarikoski, Sanna $u Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
700    1_
$a Timonen, Hilkka $u Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
700    1_
$a Kuuluvainen, Heino $u Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology , P.O. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
700    1_
$a Järvinen, Anssi $u Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology , P.O. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
700    1_
$a Kousa, Anu $u Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority HSY, P.O. Box 100, 00066 HSY Helsinki, Finland.
700    1_
$a Rönkkö, Topi $u Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology , P.O. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
700    1_
$a Hillamo, Risto $u Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
773    0_
$w MED00001559 $t Environmental science & technology $x 1520-5851 $g Roč. 50, č. 1 (2016), s. 294-304
856    41
$u https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26682775 $y Pubmed
910    __
$a ABA008 $b sig $c sign $y a $z 0
990    __
$a 20161005 $b ABA008
991    __
$a 20161021130459 $b ABA008
999    __
$a ok $b bmc $g 1166143 $s 952459
BAS    __
$a 3
BAS    __
$a PreBMC
BMC    __
$a 2016 $b 50 $c 1 $d 294-304 $e 20151218 $i 1520-5851 $m Environmental science & technology $n Environ Sci Technol $x MED00001559
LZP    __
$a Pubmed-20161005

Najít záznam

Citační ukazatele

Možnosti archivace