OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis DNA in the cervical fluid and their association with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study of 68 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM between 24(0/7) and 36(6/7) weeks was conducted. Cervical fluid and amniotic fluid were collected from all women at the time of admission. The Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis DNA in the cervical fluid were identified using specific real-time PCR. RESULTS: Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis DNA were identified in 59% (40/69) of the cervical fluid samples. Women with the presence of Ureaplasma species DNA with and without Mycoplasma hominis DNA in the cervical fluid had a higher rate of MIAC alone [35% (14/40) versus 11% (3/28); p = 0.02] and a higher rate of the presence of both MIAC and HCA [30% (12/40) versus 4% (1/28); p = 0.01] than women without Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis DNA in the cervical fluid. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of Ureaplasma species DNA with and without Mycoplasma hominis DNA in the cervical fluid is associated with a higher risk of MIAC or MIAC and HCA together in pregnancies complicated by PPROM.

b Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics Charles University Prague Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove University Hospital Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

c Fingerland's Department of Pathology Charles University Prague Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove University Hospital Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Hradec Kralove Czech Republic f Biomedical Research Center University Hospital Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg Sweden e Department of Genes and Environment Division of Epidemiology Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway and

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