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Increased diversification rates follow shifts to bisexuality in liverworts
B. Laenen, A. Machac, SR. Gradstein, B. Shaw, J. Patiño, A. Désamoré, B. Goffinet, CJ. Cox, AJ. Shaw, A. Vanderpoorten,
Jazyk angličtina Země Anglie, Velká Británie
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
NLK
Free Medical Journals
od 1902 do Před 1 rokem
Wiley Free Content
od 1997 do Před 1 rokem
PubMed
27074401
DOI
10.1111/nph.13835
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- MeSH
- biodiverzita * MeSH
- extinkce biologická MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- Marchantiophyta fyziologie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- vznik druhů (genetika) MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Shifts in sexual systems are one of the key drivers of species diversification. In contrast to angiosperms, unisexuality prevails in bryophytes. Here, we test the hypotheses that bisexuality evolved from an ancestral unisexual condition and is a key innovation in liverworts. We investigate whether shifts in sexual systems influence diversification using hidden state speciation and extinction analysis (HiSSE). This new method compares the effects of the variable of interest to the best-fitting latent variable, yielding robust and conservative tests. We find that the transitions in sexual systems are significantly biased toward unisexuality, even though bisexuality is coupled with increased diversification. Sexual systems are strongly conserved deep within the liverwort tree but become much more labile toward the present. Bisexuality appears to be a key innovation in liverworts. Its effects on diversification are presumably mediated by the interplay of high fertilization rates, massive spore production and long-distance dispersal, which may separately or together have facilitated liverwort speciation, suppressed their extinction, or both. Importantly, shifts in liverwort sexual systems have the opposite effect when compared to angiosperms, leading to contrasting diversification patterns between the two groups. The high prevalence of unisexuality among liverworts suggests, however, a strong selection for sexual dimorphism.
Centro de Ciências do Mar Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas Faro 8005 139 Portugal
Département Systématique et Evolution Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris 75005 France
Department of Biology Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Laenen, Benjamin $u Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden. Department of Conservation Biology and Evolution, Institute of Botany, University of Liège, Liège, 4000, Belgium.
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- $a Shifts in sexual systems are one of the key drivers of species diversification. In contrast to angiosperms, unisexuality prevails in bryophytes. Here, we test the hypotheses that bisexuality evolved from an ancestral unisexual condition and is a key innovation in liverworts. We investigate whether shifts in sexual systems influence diversification using hidden state speciation and extinction analysis (HiSSE). This new method compares the effects of the variable of interest to the best-fitting latent variable, yielding robust and conservative tests. We find that the transitions in sexual systems are significantly biased toward unisexuality, even though bisexuality is coupled with increased diversification. Sexual systems are strongly conserved deep within the liverwort tree but become much more labile toward the present. Bisexuality appears to be a key innovation in liverworts. Its effects on diversification are presumably mediated by the interplay of high fertilization rates, massive spore production and long-distance dispersal, which may separately or together have facilitated liverwort speciation, suppressed their extinction, or both. Importantly, shifts in liverwort sexual systems have the opposite effect when compared to angiosperms, leading to contrasting diversification patterns between the two groups. The high prevalence of unisexuality among liverworts suggests, however, a strong selection for sexual dimorphism.
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