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The EDSS-Plus, an improved endpoint for disability progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
D. Cadavid, JA. Cohen, MS. Freedman, MD. Goldman, HP. Hartung, E. Havrdova, D. Jeffery, R. Kapoor, A. Miller, F. Sellebjerg, D. Kinch, S. Lee, S. Shang, D. Mikol,
Language English Country Great Britain
Document type Journal Article
- MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive diagnosis physiopathology MeSH
- Walking physiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Upper Extremity physiopathology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Persons with Disabilities rehabilitation MeSH
- Disability Evaluation MeSH
- Disease Progression MeSH
- Severity of Illness Index MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND: The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) has wide scientific and regulatory precedent but limited ability to detect clinically relevant disability progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients, partly due to a lack of meaningful measurement of short-distance ambulatory and upper-extremity function. OBJECTIVE: To present a rationale for a composite endpoint adding the timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) and 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) to EDSS for SPMS disability progression assessment. METHODS: Using the International Multiple Sclerosis Secondary Progressive Avonex Clinical Trial (IMPACT) placebo arm ( n = 215) data, we analyzed disability progression using a novel progression endpoint, "EDSS-Plus," defined as progression on ⩾1 of 3 components (EDSS, T25FW, and/or 9HPT) confirmed ⩾24 weeks apart and with a ⩾20% minimum threshold change for T25FW and 9HPT. RESULTS: Over 2 years, subjects classified as T25FW, 9HPT (dominant hand), or 9HPT (non-dominant hand) progressors worsened on average by 103.4%, 69.0%, and 59.2%, respectively, while non-progressors' times remained largely unchanged. Using EDSS-Plus, 59.5% of the patients had 24-week confirmed disability progression versus 24.7% (EDSS), 41.9% (T25FW), and 34.4% (9HPT (either hand)) on each component alone. CONCLUSION: The 24-week confirmed minimum worsening of ⩾20% for T25FW and 9HPT clearly separates SPMS progressors from non-progressors. We propose that EDSS-Plus may represent an improved endpoint to identify SPMS disability progression.
Charles University Prague Prague Czech Republic
Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
Department of Neurology Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Germany
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery London UK
Piedmont HealthCare Huntersville NC USA
University of Ottawa Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa ON Canada
References provided by Crossref.org
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