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The slowdown of Y chromosome expansion in dioecious Silene latifolia due to DNA loss and male-specific silencing of retrotransposons
J. Puterova, Z. Kubat, E. Kejnovsky, W. Jesionek, J. Cizkova, B. Vyskot, R. Hobza,
Language English Country England, Great Britain
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
NLK
BioMedCentral
from 2000-12-01
BioMedCentral Open Access
from 2000
Directory of Open Access Journals
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Free Medical Journals
from 2000
PubMed Central
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from 2000 to 2020
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from 2009-01-01
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from 2000-07-01
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Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
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ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
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- MeSH
- Chromosomes, Plant * MeSH
- Genome Size MeSH
- DNA, Plant * MeSH
- Genome, Plant MeSH
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MeSH
- Terminal Repeat Sequences MeSH
- Chromosome Mapping MeSH
- Evolution, Molecular * MeSH
- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid MeSH
- Retroelements * MeSH
- Sequence Deletion * MeSH
- Silene classification genetics MeSH
- Gene Silencing * MeSH
- DNA Copy Number Variations MeSH
- Base Composition MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
BACKGROUND: The rise and fall of the Y chromosome was demonstrated in animals but plants often possess the large evolutionarily young Y chromosome that is thought has expanded recently. Break-even points dividing expansion and shrinkage phase of plant Y chromosome evolution are still to be determined. To assess the size dynamics of the Y chromosome, we studied intraspecific genome size variation and genome composition of male and female individuals in a dioecious plant Silene latifolia, a well-established model for sex-chromosomes evolution. RESULTS: Our genome size data are the first to demonstrate that regardless of intraspecific genome size variation, Y chromosome has retained its size in S. latifolia. Bioinformatics study of genome composition showed that constancy of Y chromosome size was caused by Y chromosome DNA loss and the female-specific proliferation of recently active dominant retrotransposons. We show that several families of retrotransposons have contributed to genome size variation but not to Y chromosome size change. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the large Y chromosome of S. latifolia has slowed down or stopped its expansion. Female-specific proliferation of retrotransposons, enlarging the genome with exception of the Y chromosome, was probably caused by silencing of highly active retrotransposons in males and represents an adaptive mechanism to suppress degenerative processes in the haploid stage. Sex specific silencing of transposons might be widespread in plants but hidden in traditional hermaphroditic model plants.
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Puterova, Janka $u Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic. Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Information Technology, Brno University of Technology, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic.
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- $a The slowdown of Y chromosome expansion in dioecious Silene latifolia due to DNA loss and male-specific silencing of retrotransposons / $c J. Puterova, Z. Kubat, E. Kejnovsky, W. Jesionek, J. Cizkova, B. Vyskot, R. Hobza,
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- $a BACKGROUND: The rise and fall of the Y chromosome was demonstrated in animals but plants often possess the large evolutionarily young Y chromosome that is thought has expanded recently. Break-even points dividing expansion and shrinkage phase of plant Y chromosome evolution are still to be determined. To assess the size dynamics of the Y chromosome, we studied intraspecific genome size variation and genome composition of male and female individuals in a dioecious plant Silene latifolia, a well-established model for sex-chromosomes evolution. RESULTS: Our genome size data are the first to demonstrate that regardless of intraspecific genome size variation, Y chromosome has retained its size in S. latifolia. Bioinformatics study of genome composition showed that constancy of Y chromosome size was caused by Y chromosome DNA loss and the female-specific proliferation of recently active dominant retrotransposons. We show that several families of retrotransposons have contributed to genome size variation but not to Y chromosome size change. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the large Y chromosome of S. latifolia has slowed down or stopped its expansion. Female-specific proliferation of retrotransposons, enlarging the genome with exception of the Y chromosome, was probably caused by silencing of highly active retrotransposons in males and represents an adaptive mechanism to suppress degenerative processes in the haploid stage. Sex specific silencing of transposons might be widespread in plants but hidden in traditional hermaphroditic model plants.
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- $a Kubat, Zdenek $u Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic. kubat@ibp.cz.
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- $a Kejnovsky, Eduard $u Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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- $a Cizkova, Jana $u Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 783 71, Olomouc - Holice, Czech Republic.
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- $a Vyskot, Boris $u Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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- $a Hobza, Roman $u Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic. hobza@ibp.cz. Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 783 71, Olomouc - Holice, Czech Republic. hobza@ibp.cz.
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