Polyspermy is the most commonly observed cause of embryonic abnormalities in fertilization, often resulting in death. In sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), however, polyspermic embryos have high survival (similar to a control group) and morphological development is similar to monospermic larvae. Ploidy of these individuals is n/2n mosaic (whereas the normal state for A. ruthenus is a functional diploid). This study was undertaken to test whether sturgeon eggs can be fertilized by several spermatozoa from different species to produce viable offspring from three interspecific parents: A. ruthenus (2n), A. gueldenstaedtii (4n), and A. baerii (4n). Four trials were performed: (1) and (2) A. baerii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. ruthenus and A. gueldenstaedtii sperm; (3) A. gueldenstaedtii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. baerii and A. ruthenus sperm; and (4) A. gueldenstaedtii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. gueldenstaedtii and A. ruthenus sperm. Fertilized embryos with abnormal cleavage (3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 cells) were collected and kept separately until 14 days post-fertilization. Ploidy level of 25 larvae (hatched from abnormal cleaved embryos) was evaluated by flow cytometry. Forty-four percent of observed hybrids had a mosaic 2n/3n ploidy. Five larva were processed further with microsatellite analysis and demonstrated that three specimens were heterospecific polyspermic larvae, containing alleles from three parents, and two specimens were conspesific polyspermic larvae from two parents. This astonishing phenomenon was emphasized by the fact that it was generated without any significant intervention.

Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Zatisi 728 2 389 25 Vodnany Czech Republic

Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Zatisi 728 2 389 25 Vodnany Czech Republic Nishiura Station South Ehime Fisheries Research Center Ehime University Uchidomari Ainan Ehime 798 4206 Japan

Nishiura Station South Ehime Fisheries Research Center Ehime University Uchidomari Ainan Ehime 798 4206 Japan

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$a Iegorova, Viktoriia $u Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic. iegorova@frov.jcu.cz.

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$a First evidence of viable progeny from three interspecific parents in sturgeon / $c V. Iegorova, M. Havelka, M. Psenicka, T. Saito,

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$a Polyspermy is the most commonly observed cause of embryonic abnormalities in fertilization, often resulting in death. In sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), however, polyspermic embryos have high survival (similar to a control group) and morphological development is similar to monospermic larvae. Ploidy of these individuals is n/2n mosaic (whereas the normal state for A. ruthenus is a functional diploid). This study was undertaken to test whether sturgeon eggs can be fertilized by several spermatozoa from different species to produce viable offspring from three interspecific parents: A. ruthenus (2n), A. gueldenstaedtii (4n), and A. baerii (4n). Four trials were performed: (1) and (2) A. baerii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. ruthenus and A. gueldenstaedtii sperm; (3) A. gueldenstaedtii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. baerii and A. ruthenus sperm; and (4) A. gueldenstaedtii eggs were fertilized with a mixture of A. gueldenstaedtii and A. ruthenus sperm. Fertilized embryos with abnormal cleavage (3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 cells) were collected and kept separately until 14 days post-fertilization. Ploidy level of 25 larvae (hatched from abnormal cleaved embryos) was evaluated by flow cytometry. Forty-four percent of observed hybrids had a mosaic 2n/3n ploidy. Five larva were processed further with microsatellite analysis and demonstrated that three specimens were heterospecific polyspermic larvae, containing alleles from three parents, and two specimens were conspesific polyspermic larvae from two parents. This astonishing phenomenon was emphasized by the fact that it was generated without any significant intervention.

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$a Havelka, Milos $u Nishiura Station, South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan.

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$a Psenicka, Martin $u Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.

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$a Saito, Taiju $u Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic. Nishiura Station, South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan.

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