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Specific neurophysiological mechanisms underlie cognitive inflexibility in inflammatory bowel disease

VA. Petruo, S. Zeißig, R. Schmelz, J. Hampe, C. Beste,

. 2017 ; 7 (1) : 13943. [pub] 20171024

Language English Country England, Great Britain

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc19035554

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is highly prevalent. While the pathophysiological mechanisms of IBD are increasingly understood, there is a lack of knowledge concerning cognitive dysfunctions in IBD. This is all the more the case concerning the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. In the current study we focus on possible dysfunctions of cognitive flexibility (task switching) processes in IBD patients using a system neurophysiological approach combining event-related potential (ERP) recordings with source localization analyses. We show that there are task switching deficits (i.e. increased switch costs) in IBD patients. The neurophysiological data show that even though the pathophysiology of IBD is diverse and wide-spread, only specific cognitive subprocesses are altered: There was a selective dysfunction at the response selection level (N2 ERP) associated with functional alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex and the right inferior frontal gyrus. Attentional selection processes (N1 ERP), perceptual categorization processes (P1 ERP), or mechanisms related to the flexible implementation of task sets and related working memory processes (P3 ERP) do not contribute to cognitive inflexibility in IBD patients and were unchanged. It seems that pathophysiological processes in IBD strongly compromise cognitive-neurophysiological subprocesses related to fronto-striatal networks. These circuits may become overstrained in IBD when cognitive flexibility is required.

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$a Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is highly prevalent. While the pathophysiological mechanisms of IBD are increasingly understood, there is a lack of knowledge concerning cognitive dysfunctions in IBD. This is all the more the case concerning the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. In the current study we focus on possible dysfunctions of cognitive flexibility (task switching) processes in IBD patients using a system neurophysiological approach combining event-related potential (ERP) recordings with source localization analyses. We show that there are task switching deficits (i.e. increased switch costs) in IBD patients. The neurophysiological data show that even though the pathophysiology of IBD is diverse and wide-spread, only specific cognitive subprocesses are altered: There was a selective dysfunction at the response selection level (N2 ERP) associated with functional alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex and the right inferior frontal gyrus. Attentional selection processes (N1 ERP), perceptual categorization processes (P1 ERP), or mechanisms related to the flexible implementation of task sets and related working memory processes (P3 ERP) do not contribute to cognitive inflexibility in IBD patients and were unchanged. It seems that pathophysiological processes in IBD strongly compromise cognitive-neurophysiological subprocesses related to fronto-striatal networks. These circuits may become overstrained in IBD when cognitive flexibility is required.
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$a Zeißig, Sebastian $u Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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$a Schmelz, Renate $u Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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$a Hampe, Jochen $u Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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$a Beste, Christian $u Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
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