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Maintenance Treatment and Survival in Patients With Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
F. Gay, G. Jackson, L. Rosiñol, SA. Holstein, P. Moreau, S. Spada, F. Davies, JJ. Lahuerta, X. Leleu, S. Bringhen, A. Evangelista, C. Hulin, U. Panzani, DA. Cairns, F. Di Raimondo, M. Macro, AM. Liberati, C. Pawlyn, M. Offidani, A. Spencer, R....
Language English Country United States
Document type Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
- MeSH
- Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic MeSH
- Lenalidomide administration & dosage MeSH
- Multiple Myeloma diagnosis drug therapy MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MeSH
- Network Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
- Maintenance Chemotherapy methods MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Systematic Review MeSH
Importance: Several trials demonstrated the impact of novel agent-based maintenance in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), but there is no current evidence demonstrating the superiority of one regimen over the other, owing to the lack of direct/indirect comparisons. Objective: To analyze and compare the effectiveness of different maintenance regimens in NDMM via a network meta-analysis. Data Sources: We performed 2 independent searches in PubMed and Cochrane databases, and then we identified all the records registered after 1999 and on or before November 20, 2017. Study Selection: By blinded review, we identified prospective phase 3 randomized trials evaluating novel agent-based maintenance in patients with NDMM; the included studies compared at least 2 maintenance approaches; comparators included placebo and no maintenance. From 364 screened records, 11 studies were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis: We followed (independent extraction) the guidelines provided by the PRISMA Report and the EQUATOR Network. The evidence was synthesized using a network meta-analysis (NMA). To allow comparison of all treatments, no maintenance was selected as common comparator and the effect of placebo was assumed to be the same as no treatment. The best option was identified by a Bayesian consistency model based on hazard ratio (HR), 95% credible interval (CrI), probability of being the best treatment (PbBT), and median ranking distribution (MedR). Main Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes of interest were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Eleven trials and 8 treatments including a total of 5073 participants were included. By PFS analysis, lenalidomide-based regimens (lenalidomide-prednisone, lenalidomide alone) were identified as the most effective options (HR, 0.39 [95% CrI, 0.28-0.53] and 0.47 [95% CrI, 0.39-0.55], respectively; MedR, 1 and 2; overall PbBT, 74%). Four treatments (thalidomide-interferon, thalidomide-bortezomib, bortezomib-prednisone, thalidomide alone) showed an HR in favor of maintenance. By OS analysis, lenalidomide alone was identified as the best option (HR, 0.76; 95% CrI, 0.51-1.16; MedR, 2; PbBT, 38%), followed by bortezomib-thalidomide and bortezomib-prednisone. Similar features were noticed in the restricted network including transplant trials, in the sensitivity analysis, and in most of the prognostic subgroups. Conclusions and Relevance: Based on PFS and OS results of this NMA, lenalidomide maintenance appears to be the best treatment option, by synthesizing the available evidence of novel agent-based maintenance in the past 20 years.
Clinica di Ematologia AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Ancona Italy
Clínica Universidad de Navarra CIMA IDISNA CIBERONC Pamplona Spain
Department of Haematology Alfred Health Monash University Melbourne Australia
Department of Hematology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands
Department of Hematology Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole Toulouse France
Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha
Division of Hematology AOU Policlinico OVE University of Catania Catania Italy
Hématologie and Inserm CIC 1082 Poitiers France
Hematology Department IDIBAPS Hospital Clinic Barcelona Spain
Hematology Department University Hospital Hôtel Dieu Nantes France
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain PETHEMA Grupo Español de Mieloma
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Trust United Kingdom
Service d'Hématologie Hôpital Haut Lévêque CHU Bordeaux 33600 Pessac France
The Institute of Cancer Research London United Kingdom
The Myeloma Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock
University Hospital of Salamanca Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
References provided by Crossref.org
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