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Radiation-associated angiosarcoma of the breast: An international multicenter analysis

J. Mergancová, A. Lierová, O. Coufal, J. Žatecký, B. Melichar, I. Zedníková, J. Mergancová, A. Jesenková, K. Šťastný, J. Gatěk, O. Kubala, J. Prokop, D. Dyttert, M. Karaba, I. Schwarzbacherová, A. Humeňanská, J. Šuk, M. Valenta, V. Moucha, L....

. 2022 ; 41 (-) : 101726. [pub] 20220216

Language English Country Netherlands

Document type Journal Article, Multicenter Study

INTRODUCTION: Radiation-associated angiosarcoma (RAAS) is a rare and serious complication of breast irradiation. Due to the rarity of the condition, clinical experience is limited and publications on this topic include only retrospective studies or case reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients diagnosed with RAAS between January 2000 and December 2017 in twelve centers across the Czech Republic and Slovakia were evaluated. RESULTS: Data of 53 patients were analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 72 (range 44-89) years. The median latency period between irradiation and diagnosis of RAAS was 78 (range 36-172) months. The median radiation dose was 57.6 (range 34-66) Gy. The whole breast radiation therapy with radiation boost to the tumor bed was the most common radiotherapy regimen. Total mastectomy due to RAAS was performed in 43 patients (81%), radical excision in 8 (15%); 2 patients were not surgically treated due to unresectable disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy followed surgical therapy of RAAS in 18 patients, 3 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. The local recurrence rate of RAAS was 43% and the median time from surgery to the onset of recurrence was 7.5 months (range 3-66 months). The 3-year survival rate was 56%, the 5-year survival rate was only 33%. 46% of patients died during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: The present data demonstrate that RAAS is a rare condition with high local recurrence rate (43%) and mortality (the 5-year survival rate was 33%.). Early diagnosis of RAAS based on biopsy is crucial for treatment with radical intent. Surgery with negative margins constitutes the most important part of the therapy; the role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy is still unclear.

1th Surgical Department General University Hospital Prague Prague Czech Republic

Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Hradec Králové Czech Republic

Clinic of General Visceral and Transplant Surgery Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University in Bratislava University Hospital Martin Martin Slovak Republic

Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy University Hospital Pilsen Pilsen Czech Republic

Department of Oncology EUC Clinic Zlín Zlín Czech Republic

Department of Oncology Pardubice General Hospital Pardubice Czech Republic

Department of Oncology University Hospital Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Oncosurgery National Cancer Institute Slovak Medical University Bratislava Slovak Republic

Department of Pathology Liberec General Hospital Liberec Czech Republic

Department of Pathology Pardubice General Hospital Pardubice Czech Republic

Department of Pathology St Elizabeth Cancer Institute Bratislava Slovak Republic

Department of Radiation and Clinical Oncology Liberec General Hospital Liberec Czech Republic

Department of Radiooncology St Elizabeth Cancer Institute Bratislava Slovak Republic

Department of Surgery EUC Clinic Zlín Zlín Czech Republic

Department of Surgery Hospital AGEL Ostrava Vítkovice Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Surgery Liberec General Hospital Liberec Czech Republic

Department of Surgery Pardubice General Hospital Pardubice Czech Republic

Department of Surgery Silesian Hospital in Opava Opava Czech Republic

Department of Surgery University Hospital Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Surgery University Hospital Pilsen Pilsen Czech Republic

Department of Surgical Oncology Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic

Department of Surgical Oncology Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine Brno Czech Republic

Department of Surgical Oncology St Elizabeth Cancer Institute Bratislava Slovak Republic

Faculty of Health Studies Department of Clinical Subspecialities University of Pardubice Pardubice Czech Republic

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacký University Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic

Mammological Ambulance Hořovice Czech Republic

References provided by Crossref.org

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$a Radiation-associated angiosarcoma of the breast: An international multicenter analysis / $c J. Mergancová, A. Lierová, O. Coufal, J. Žatecký, B. Melichar, I. Zedníková, J. Mergancová, A. Jesenková, K. Šťastný, J. Gatěk, O. Kubala, J. Prokop, D. Dyttert, M. Karaba, I. Schwarzbacherová, A. Humeňanská, J. Šuk, M. Valenta, V. Moucha, L. Sákra, A. Hlávka, M. Hácová, R. Vojtíšek, M. Sochor, T. Jirásek, M. Zábojníková, M. Zemanová, K. Macháleková, D. Rusnáková, E. Kúdelová, M. Smolár
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$a INTRODUCTION: Radiation-associated angiosarcoma (RAAS) is a rare and serious complication of breast irradiation. Due to the rarity of the condition, clinical experience is limited and publications on this topic include only retrospective studies or case reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients diagnosed with RAAS between January 2000 and December 2017 in twelve centers across the Czech Republic and Slovakia were evaluated. RESULTS: Data of 53 patients were analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 72 (range 44-89) years. The median latency period between irradiation and diagnosis of RAAS was 78 (range 36-172) months. The median radiation dose was 57.6 (range 34-66) Gy. The whole breast radiation therapy with radiation boost to the tumor bed was the most common radiotherapy regimen. Total mastectomy due to RAAS was performed in 43 patients (81%), radical excision in 8 (15%); 2 patients were not surgically treated due to unresectable disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy followed surgical therapy of RAAS in 18 patients, 3 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. The local recurrence rate of RAAS was 43% and the median time from surgery to the onset of recurrence was 7.5 months (range 3-66 months). The 3-year survival rate was 56%, the 5-year survival rate was only 33%. 46% of patients died during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: The present data demonstrate that RAAS is a rare condition with high local recurrence rate (43%) and mortality (the 5-year survival rate was 33%.). Early diagnosis of RAAS based on biopsy is crucial for treatment with radical intent. Surgery with negative margins constitutes the most important part of the therapy; the role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy is still unclear.
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