INTRODUCTION: It is hypothesized that systemically administered antibiotics penetrate wound sites more effectively during negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). However, there is a lack of clinical data from patients who receive NPWT for deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) after open-heart surgery. Here, we evaluated vancomycin penetration into exudate in this patient group. PATIENTS AND METHODS: For this prospective observational study, we enrolled 10 consecutive patients treated with NPWT for post-sternotomy DSWI. On the first sampling day, serum and exudate samples were synchronously collected at 0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 6 h after vancomycin administration. On the following three consecutive days, additional samples were collected, only before vancomycin administration. RESULTS: The ratio of average vancomycin concentration in wound exudate to in serum was higher for free (unbound) (1.51 ± 0.53) than for total (bound + unbound) (0.91 ± 0.29) concentration (p = 0.049). The percentage of free vancomycin was higher in wound exudate than serum (0.79 ± 0.19 vs. 0.46 ± 0.16; p = 0.04). Good vancomycin wound penetration was maintained on the following three days (vancomycin trough exudate-to-serum concentration ratio > 1). The total hospital stay was significantly longer in patients with DSWI (46 ± 11.6 days) versus without DSWI (14 ± 11.7 days) (p < 0.001). There was no in-hospital or 90-day mortality. Two patients experienced late DSWI recurrence. All-cause mortality was 4.8% during a median follow-up of 2.5 years. CONCLUSION: Vancomycin effectively penetrates wound exudate in patients receiving NPWT for DSWI after open-heart surgery.The protocol for this study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on July 16, 2024 (NCT06506032).
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakokinetika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- exsudáty a transsudáty metabolismus mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce chirurgické rány * MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sternotomie * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- sternum chirurgie MeSH
- terapie ran pomocí řízeného podtlaku * metody MeSH
- vankomycin * aplikace a dávkování farmakokinetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Patients with severe aortic stenosis present frequently (∼50%) with concomitant obstructive coronary artery disease. Current guidelines recommend combined surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as the preferred treatment. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) represent a valid treatment alternative. We aimed to test the non-inferiority of FFR-guided PCI plus TAVI versus SAVR plus CABG in patients with severe aortic stenosis and complex coronary artery disease. METHODS: This international, multicentre, prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial was conducted at 18 tertiary medical centres across Europe. Patients (aged ≥70 years) with severe aortic stenosis and complex coronary artery disease, deemed feasible for percutaneous or surgical treatment according to the on-site Heart Team, were randomly assigned (1:1) to FFR-guided PCI plus TAVI or SAVR plus CABG according to a computer-generated sequence with random permuted blocks sizes stratified by site. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, disabling stroke, clinically driven target-vessel revascularisation, valve reintervention, and life-threatening or disabling bleeding at 1 year post-treatment. The trial was powered for non-inferiority (with a margin of 15%) and if met, for superiority. The primary and safety analyses were done per an intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03424941) and is closed. FINDINGS: Between May 31, 2018, and June 30, 2023, 172 patients were enrolled, of whom 91 were assigned to the FFR-guided PCI plus TAVI group and 81 to the SAVR plus CABG group. The mean age of patients was 76·5 years (SD 3·9). 118 (69%) of 172 patients were male and 54 (31%) patients were female. FFR-guided PCI plus TAVI resulted in favourable outcomes for the primary endpoint (four [4%] of 91 patients) versus SAVR plus CABG (17 [23%] of 77 patients; risk difference -18·5 [90% CI -27·8 to -9·7]), which was below the 15% prespecified non-inferiority margin (pnon-inferiority<0·001). FFR-guided PCI plus TAVI was superior to SAVR plus CABG (hazard ratio 0·17 [95% CI 0·06-0·51]; psuperiority<0·001), which was driven mainly by all-cause mortality (none [0%] of 91 patients vs seven (10%) of 77 patients; p=0·0025) and life-threatening bleeding (two [2%] vs nine [12%]; p=0·010). INTERPRETATION: The TCW trial is the first trial to compare percutaneous treatment versus surgical treatment in patients with severe aortic stenosis and complex coronary artery disease, showing favourable primary endpoint and mortality outcomes with percutaneous treatment. FUNDING: Isala Heart Centre and Medtronic.
- MeSH
- aortální stenóza * chirurgie komplikace MeSH
- chirurgická náhrada chlopně metody MeSH
- frakční průtoková rezerva myokardu * MeSH
- koronární angioplastika * metody MeSH
- koronární bypass * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci koronárních tepen * chirurgie komplikace terapie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transkatetrální implantace aortální chlopně * metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnocení ekvivalence MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle alterations are associated with higher mortality and morbidity in patients with liver cirrhosis. Assessing these changes seems to be a promising method for identifying patients at a high risk of poor outcomes following liver transplantation (LT). This is particularly important given the current global shortage of organ donors. However, evidence of the impact of these alterations on the prognosis of patients undergoing LT is inconclusive. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the impact of skeletal muscle changes, reflected in sarcopenia, myosteatosis and metabolic changes in the calf muscles, on perioperative outcomes and long-term survival after LT. We also sought to determine the posttransplant evolution of the resting muscle metabolism. METHODS: We examined 134 adult LT candidates. Of these, 105 underwent LT. Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were diagnosed by measuring the skeletal muscle index and mean psoas muscle radiation attenuation, respectively, which were obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans taken during pretransplant assessment. Additionally, patients underwent 31P MR spectroscopy (MRS) of the calf muscles at rest before LT and 6, 12 and 24 months thereafter. The median follow-up was 6 years. RESULTS: Patients with abnormal 31P MRS results and CT-diagnosed myosteatosis prior to LT had significantly worse long-term survival after LT (hazard ratio (HR), 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48-7.60; p = 0.0021 and HR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.06-6.29; p = 0.03, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that abnormal 31P MR spectra (HR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.50-7.71; p = 0.003) were a better predictor of worse long-term survival after LT than myosteatosis (HR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.14-6.78; p = 0.025). Patients with abnormal 31P MR spectra had higher blood loss during LT (p = 0.038), required a higher number of red blood cell transfusions (p = 0.006) and stayed longer in ICU (p = 0.041) and hospital (p = 0.007). Myosteatosis was associated with more revision surgeries following LT (p = 0.038) and a higher number of received red blood cell transfusion units (p = 0.002). Sarcopenia had no significant effect on posttransplant patient survival. An improvement in the resting metabolism of the calf muscles was observed at 12 and 24 months after LT. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal 31P MRS results of calf muscles were superior to CT-based diagnosis of myosteatosis and sarcopenia in predicting perioperative complications and long-term survival after LT. Resting muscle metabolism normalized 1 year after LT in most recipients.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kosterní svaly * diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie * metody MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie * metody MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- sarkopenie etiologie metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transplantace jater * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION/AIMS: Prospective, randomized, controlled trials of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) maintenance therapy in myasthenia gravis (MG) are lacking. In this trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of caprylate/chromatography-purified IVIG; (IGIV-C) in patients with generalized MG undergoing standard care. METHODS: Sixty-two patients enrolled in this phase 2, multicenter, international, randomized trial (1:1 IGIV-C [2 g/kg loading dose; 1 g/kg every 3 weeks through week 21] or placebo). Efficacy was assessed by changes in Quantitative MG (QMG) score at week 24 versus baseline (primary endpoint) and percentage of patients with clinical improvement in QMG, MG Composite (MGC), and MG-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scores (secondary endpoints). Safety assessments reported all adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: The change in QMG at 24 weeks was -5.1 for IGIV-C and -3.1 for placebo (p = .187). Seventy percent of patients in the IGIV-C group had improvement in MG-ADL (≥2-point decrease) versus 40.6% in the placebo group (p = .025). Patients showing clinical improvement in QMG and MGC (≥3-point decrease) were 70.0% for IGIV-C versus 59.4% for placebo (p = .442) and 60.0% for IGIV-C versus 53.1% for placebo (p = .610). IGIV-C was well tolerated; serious AEs were similar between arms. Three of four MG exacerbations requiring hospitalizations occurred in the IGIV-C arm with one death. DISCUSSION: Several efficacy parameters showed numerical results greater than those seen in the placebo group. This was a small study and may have been underpowered to see significant differences. Additional studies may be warranted to fully determine the efficacy of IVIG maintenance therapy in MG.
- MeSH
- autoprotilátky krev MeSH
- činnosti denního života MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- imunologické faktory terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- intravenózní imunoglobuliny * terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myasthenia gravis * farmakoterapie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- receptory cholinergní * imunologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze II MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a disease typified by anomalies in cell metabolism. The function of mitochondria, including subunits of mitochondrial respiratory complex II (CII), in particular SDHB, are often affected. Here we investigated the state and function of CII in RCC patients. METHODS: We evaluated tumour tissue as well as the adjacent healthy kidney tissue of 78 patients with RCC of different histotypes, focusing on their mitochondrial function. As clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is by far the most frequent histotype of RCC, we focused on these patients, which were grouped based on the pathological WHO/ISUP grading system to low- and high-grade patients, indicative of prognosis. We also evaluated mitochondrial function in organoids derived from tumour tissue of 7 patients. RESULTS: ccRCC tumours were characterized by mutated von Hippel-Lindau gene and high expression of carbonic anhydrase IX. We found low levels of mitochondrial DNA, protein and function, together with CII function in ccRCC tumour tissue, but not in other RCC types and non-tumour tissues. Mitochondrial content increased in high-grade tumours, while the function of CII remained low. Tumour organoids from ccRCC patients recapitulated molecular characteristics of RCC tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the state of CII, epitomized by its assembly and SDHB levels, deteriorates with the progressive severity of ccRCC. These observations hold the potential for stratification of patients with worse prognosis and may guide the exploration of targeted therapeutic interventions.
- MeSH
- antigeny nádorové MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- karboanhydrasa IX metabolismus genetika MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk * patologie metabolismus genetika MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- mitochondrie * metabolismus patologie genetika MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- nádorový supresorový protein VHL genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádory ledvin * patologie metabolismus genetika MeSH
- respirační komplex II * metabolismus genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sukcinátdehydrogenasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUNDS: SWI/SNF complexes represent a family of multi-subunit chromatin remodelers that are affected by alterations in >20% of human tumors. While mutations of SWI/SNF genes are relatively uncommon in prostate cancer (PCa), the literature suggests that deregulation of various subunits plays a role in prostate tumorigenesis. To assess SWI/SNF functions in a clinical context, we studied the mutually exclusive, paralogue accessory subunits SMARCD1, SMARCD2, and SMARCD3 that are included in every known complex and are sought to confer specificity. METHODS: Performing immunohistochemistry (IHC), the protein levels of the SMARCD family members were measured using a tissue microarray (TMA) comprising malignant samples and matching healthy tissue of non-metastatic PCa patients (n = 168). Moreover, IHC was performed in castration-resistant tumors (n = 9) and lymph node metastases (n = 22). To assess their potential role as molecular biomarkers, SMARCD1 and SMARCD3 protein levels were correlated with clinical parameters such as T stage, Gleason score, biochemical recurrence, and progression-free survival. RESULTS: SMARCD1 protein levels in non-metastatic primary tumors, lymph node metastases, and castration-resistant samples were significantly higher than in benign tissues. Likewise, SMARCD3 protein expression was elevated in tumor tissue and especially lymph node metastases compared to benign samples. While SMARCD1 levels in primary tumors did not exhibit significant associations with any of the tested clinical parameters, SMARCD3 exhibited an inverse correlation with pre-operative PSA levels. Moreover, low SMARCD3 expression was associated with progression to metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: In congruence with previous literature, our results implicate that both SMARCD1 and SMARCD3 may exhibit relevant functions in the context of prostate tumorigenesis. Moreover, our approach suggests a potential role of SMARCD3 as a novel prognostic marker in clinically non-metastatic PCa.
- MeSH
- chromozomální proteiny, nehistonové * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru patologie metabolismus genetika MeSH
- lymfatické metastázy MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci patologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádory prostaty * patologie metabolismus genetika MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stupeň nádoru MeSH
- transkripční faktory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Despite the lower virulence of current SARS-CoV-2 variants and high rates of vaccinated and previously infected subjects, COVID-19 remains a persistent threat in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This study evaluated the parameters of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production in 120 KTRs. The production of neutralizing antibodies in KTRs, following booster vaccination with the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, was significantly decreased and their decline was faster than in healthy subjects. Factors predisposing to the downregulation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies included age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and a full dose of mycophenolate mofetil. Neutralizing antibodies correlated with those targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimmer, total SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein, as well as with antibodies to the deadly SARS-CoV-1 virus. No cross-reactivity was found with antibodies against seasonal coronaviruses. KTRs exhibited lower postvaccination production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2; however, the specificity of their humoral response did not differ compared to healthy subjects.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * imunologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glykoprotein S, koronavirus imunologie MeSH
- humorální imunita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neutralizující protilátky * krev imunologie MeSH
- příjemce transplantátu * MeSH
- protilátky virové * krev imunologie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * imunologie MeSH
- sekundární imunizace MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transplantace ledvin * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- vakcína BNT162 imunologie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 imunologie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs) constitute an important part of treatment for older adults, cover a broad and diverse range of interventions, and have advantages over pharmacologic interventions (eg, limited adverse side effects). However, an unambiguous definition of NPIs is still lacking. Defining NPIs may facilitate research on this topic and enhance comparability of results between studies, and might help to face the challenges of recognition, acceptation, funding, and implementation. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an overview and comparison of the definitions of NPIs used in the current literature on older adults. DESIGN: A systematic review was performed to provide an overview of the definitions of NPIs that are used in the current literature on older populations and to organize the characteristics involved in the definitions. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: People ≥60 years of age were included, not limited to a specific setting. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in the following 5 databases: PubMed, Embase, Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science Core Collection, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Wiley/Cochrane Library. The time frame within the databases was from inception to December 4, 2023. Review articles, editorials and consensus papers were included. RESULTS: We included 28 articles. We organized the definitions of NPI according to 4 different aspects: types of interventions involved, target population, goals the interventions addressed, and requirements of the interventions. Definitions in the current literature can generally be divided into 2 groups: NPIs described as not involving medication, and more elaborated multidomain definitions. Based on the results, we formulated criteria for types of interventions that can be considered an NPI. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Using current descriptions and characteristics, elements for a new definition for NPIs were proposed. To improve research in this field, consensus needs to be reached regarding elements covered by a definition of NPIs.
Minimal residual disease (MRD) is one of the most important prognostic factors in multiple myeloma (MM) and a valid surrogate for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Recently, MRD negativity was approved as an early clinical endpoint for accelerated drug approval in MM. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence of MRD utility in real-world setting. In this retrospective multicenter study, we report outcomes of 331 newly diagnosed MM patients with MRD evaluation at Day+100 after autologous stem cell transplantation using flow cytometry with a median limit of detection of 0.001%. MRD negativity was reached in 47% of patients and was associated with significantly prolonged median PFS (49.2 months vs. 18.4 months; hazard ratios (HR) = 0.37; p < 0.001) and OS (not reached vs. 74.9 months; HR = 0.50; p = 0.007). Achieving MRD negativity was associated with PFS improvements regardless of age, International Staging System (ISS) stage, lactate dedydrogenase (LDH) level, or cytogenetic risk. Importantly, MRD positive patients benefited from lenalidomide maintenance versus no maintenance (18-months PFS: 81% vs. 46%; HR = 0.24; p = 0.002) while in MRD negative patients such benefit was not observed (p = 0.747). The outcomes of our real-world study recapitulate results from clinical trials including meta-analyses and support the idea that MRD positive patients profit more from lenalidomide maintenance than MRD negative ones.
- MeSH
- autologní transplantace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lenalidomid aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * diagnóza mortalita terapie patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie * metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- reziduální nádor * diagnóza MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
Pegunigalsidase alfa, a PEGylated α-galactosidase A enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for Fabry disease, has a longer plasma half-life than other ERTs administered intravenously every 2 weeks (E2W). BRIGHT (NCT03180840) was a phase III, open-label study in adults with Fabry disease, previously treated with agalsidase alfa or beta E2W for ≥3 years, who switched to 2 mg/kg pegunigalsidase alfa every 4 weeks (E4W) for 52 weeks. Primary objective assessed safety, including number of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Thirty patients were enrolled (24 males); 23 previously received agalsidase beta. Pegunigalsidase alfa plasma concentrations remained above the lower limit of quantification throughout the 4-week dosing interval. Thirty-three of 182 TEAEs (in 9 patients) were considered treatment-related; all were mild/moderate. No patients developed de novo anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). In the efficacy analysis (n = 29), median (inter-quartile range) eGFR change from baseline over 52 weeks was -1.9 (-5.9; 1.8) mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 28; males [n = 22]: -2.4 [-5.2; 3.2]; females [n = 6]: -0.7 [-9.2; 2.0]). Overall, median eGFR slope was -1.9 (-8.3; 1.9) mL/min/1.73 m2/year (ADA-negative [n = 20]: -1.2 [-6.4; 2.6]; ADA-positive [n = 9]: -8.4 [-11.6; -1.0]). Lyso-Gb3 concentrations were low and stable in females, with a slight increase in males (9/24 ADA-positive). The BRIGHT study results suggest that 2 mg/kg pegunigalsidase alfa E4W is tolerated well in stable adult patients with Fabry disease. Due to the low number of patients in this study, more research is needed to demonstrate the effects of pegunigalsidase alfa given E4W. Further evidence, outside of this clinical trial, should be factored in for physicians to prolong the biweekly ERT intervals to E4W. TAKE-HOME MESSAGE: Treatment with 2 mg/kg pegunigalsidase alfa every 4 weeks could offer a new treatment option for patients with Fabry disease.
- MeSH
- alfa-galaktosidasa * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- enzymová substituční terapie * metody MeSH
- Fabryho nemoc * farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- rekombinantní proteiny * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sfingolipidy krev MeSH
- trihexosylceramidy krev MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH