BACKGROUND: Exercise therapy improves glycemic control and reduces cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, access to professionally supervised programs is limited, particularly for older adults. Home-based, weather-independent, exercise options have yet to be investigated in detail. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the effects of a self-directed, low-to-moderate intensity dance exercise program performed at home on glycemic control and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults with T2D. METHODS: In this single-arm, intervention study, 20 elderly patients with T2D (median age, 70.5 years) participated in a standardized, unsupervised, home-based, aerobic dance program ("DaredeMo Dance") for at least 20 min per day for 12 weeks. The program was designed to be of low-to-moderate intensity, namely < 4 metabolic equivalents (METs). Primary outcomes were changes in HbA1c, glycoalbumin (GA), and HRQOL (assessed using SF-36v2). Secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). RESULTS: After 12 weeks, significant improvements were observed in BMI (23.4 to 23.2 kg/m2, P = 0.002), systolic BP (134.0 to 125.0 mmHg, P = 0.004), diastolic BP (72.0 to 67.5 mmHg, P = 0.040), HbA1c (7.3 to 7.0%, P = 0.0012), and FPG (150 to 140 mg/dL, P = 0.034). HRQOL improved in all eight domains of SF-36v2, with significant improvements in Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, and Mental Health. CONCLUSIONS: A standardized, indoor, low-to-moderate intensity, dance program improved glycemic control and HRQOL in older adults with T2D. This approach offers a safe, accessible, and sustainable exercise option for those with limited access to professional guidance. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00854-6.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Glucagon plays a pivotal role in the development of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that hyperglucagonemia based on measurements of pancreas-specific glucagon is present in diabetic ketosis/ketoacidosis (DK/DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), and if so, to explore factors contributing to that hyperglucagonemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 109 patients (92 with DK/DKA, and 17 with HHS) were investigated. Pancreas-specific glucagon levels were measured with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at treatment initiation. The relationships of plasma glucagon levels, serum ketone bodies levels, and endogenous insulin secretion were assessed. The change in plasma glucagon levels after treatment was also assessed. RESULTS: The median plasma glucagon level was significantly higher in the HHS group (142.9 pg/mL) than in the DK/DKA group (63.6 pg/mL). In the DK/DKA group, the plasma glucagon level was positively correlated with the serum ketone bodies level (ρ = 0.55, P < 0.0001), but there was no correlation in the HHS group. In the DK/DKA group, a negative correlation was seen between the plasma glucagon level and the serum C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR)/plasma glucose ratio in type 1 diabetes patients (n = 26) (ρ = - 0.67, P = 0.0002). In the HHS group, a positive correlation was seen between the plasma glucagon level and the serum CPR/plasma glucose ratio (ρ = 0.71, P = 0.0013). The plasma glucagon level was significantly lower after treatment in both the DK/DKA and HHS groups. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglucagonemia was found in DK/DKA and HHS with pancreas-specific glucagon measurements. The results suggest that the causes of hyperglucagonemia differ in DK/DKA due to type 1 diabetes mellitus and HHS. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00852-8.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Metastatic colorectal cancer is one of the most critical causes of cancer-related dead in patients suffering this type of malignancy. As the liver metastases are found in almost 25-50% of all colorectal cancer patients, there is an urgent need for suitable in vitro and in vivo models. To the best of our knowledge, only a limited number of well-described 2D or 3D organoid/spheroid cell lines originated from human liver metastases was reported for this type of malignancy and submitted to ATCC and other repository centers for general use. Here, we present a novel, well-characterized cell line Coala that was derived directly from liver metastasis of patient with colorectal cancer. Coala cancer cell line was derived by 2D and 3D culture technology and can be, therefore, cultured as standard 2D cell line or as 3D spheroid culture. When transplanted into athymic mice, Coala cell line forms fast growing tumors with histological features similar to original tumor and expressed CDX2, SATB2, and CK20. Whole exome sequencing analysis of Coala cell line showed the presence of pathogenic mutations in C8B, PRKCQ, IRGM, FGFR4, POLR1C, APC and TP53 genes. As verified by antibody array chip analysis, Coala cells express Snail, Pdx-1, FoxA2, and E-cadherin. Our cell line represents a new, well characterized in vitro research tool for cancer research and will be available to researchers in the field via biorepository centers.
- MeSH
- buněčné kultury * metody MeSH
- buněčné sféroidy patologie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * patologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- myši nahé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory jater * sekundární genetika patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications has been previously linked to elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6); IL-6 triggers intracellular pathways through interaction with the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). This study aimed to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) IL-6 -597G/A (rs1800797), -572G/C (rs1800796), -174G/C (rs1800795), its receptor (IL-6R) Asp358Ala (+48892A/C, rs2228145) and DM or its complications in the Czech population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 669 subjects participated in this case-control study, including 167 controls, 119 patients with type 1 DM (T1DM), and 383 patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). The subjects were monitored for glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and common complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN), retinopathy (DR), (poly)neuropathy (DPN), and periodontitis (P). RESULTS: Frequencies of the IL-6 and IL-6R alleles or genotypes, and IL-6 haplotypes were similar between the controls and the patients with T1DM or T2DM (P > 0.05). However, lower values of GFR were observed in diabetic patients with IL-6 -174CC homozygotes compared to other (CG and GG) genotypes (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, the IL-6R Asp358Ala variant was associated with DN (P = 0.031, OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.05-2.89). After subclassification according to the type of DM, the significant association of the IL-6R polymorphism with DN was only found in T1DM (P = 0.013, OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.25-6.71). CONCLUSIONS: This study implies a significant relationship between the IL-6R Asp358Ala polymorphism and DN in Czech T1DM patients.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu * komplikace genetika MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * komplikace genetika MeSH
- diabetické nefropatie * genetika epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- interleukin-6 genetika MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- receptory interleukinu-6 * genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Lactococcus lactis bacterium can be genetically modified to transport the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2, making it a potential candidate for a COVID-19 mucosal vaccine. This study aimed to optimize the nisin concentration, pH, incubation time, and media composition to induce spike protein expression. The concentrations of nisin used in this study ranged from 0 to 40 ng/mL, the incubation period was 3 to 24 hr, and the pH of the growth media ranged from 4 to 8. The media was also supplemented with various yeast extract and sucrose concentrations. The highest protein band intensity was observed at a concentration of 40 ng/mL and an incubation period of 9 hr. Supplementation with 4% w/v yeast extract and 6% w/v sucrose significantly increased the expression of HCR spike protein. In silico simulation suggested a maximal protein band intensity of 70.95 arbitrary units, while the nisin concentration needed to produce half the maximal protein band intensity was estimated to be 9.599 ng/mL. No significant difference in spike protein expression was found between pH variations. The media composition, inducer, and incubation time strongly affect the spike protein expression.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Thoracic aorta false aneurysms (TAFA) are unexplored complications after cardiac surgery associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the clinical profiles, surgical techniques, and operative outcomes, of patients treated for TAFA at a single institution. METHODS: From 1996 to 2022, 112 patients were treated for aortic pseudoaneurysm (mean age 55 ± 14 years, 78 patients were male). In the majority of the patients (90%) TAFA developed after previous cardiovascular surgery, the most common diagnosis and surgical procedure preceding the TAFA development was an aortic dissection (52%) and Bentall procedure (47%). In the rest of the cohort, the leading cause was trauma. RESULTS: Sixty-one percent of patients were indicated for reintervention (surgical reoperation, endoluminal graft implantation, septal occluder implantation, coil embolization, or a combination of procedures). Overall, 52 patients had undergone cardiac reoperation. TAFA was resected and the aorta was repaired in 55% or replaced in 45%. Operative mortality was 5.7%. In postoperative follow-up, a hypoechogenic lesion encircling aortic prosthesis was present in 94%, therefore it was determined as a negative prognostic factor. The mean follow-up was 13.2 ± 19.4 years. CONCLUSION: Although there is no specific approach how to prevent TAFA development, maintaining normal blood pressure and regular follow-up should be applied. More frequent follow-ups should be performed in patients with a hypoechogenic lesion encircling and aortic prosthesis. Early detection during long-term postoperative follow-up, an individually tailored approach of a multidisciplinary team is necessary for favorable treatment outcomes.
- MeSH
- aneurysma hrudní aorty * chirurgie MeSH
- aorta thoracica chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- cévy - implantace protéz škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- endovaskulární výkony škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nepravé aneurysma * chirurgie etiologie diagnostické zobrazování terapie MeSH
- pooperační komplikace etiologie chirurgie MeSH
- reoperace MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The middle colic artery usually arises from the superior mesenteric artery, but in rare cases it may arise from the coeliac trunk or its branches. The aim of this study was to investigate variant origins of the middle colic artery on computed tomography and anatomical dissection. Variant middle colic arteries were identified on computed tomography as part of an ongoing study investigating anatomical variations of vessels of the upper abdomen. Three-dimensional reconstructions were made to demonstrate the variant findings. Cadaveric dissections were performed as part of a routine dissection course. We report five cases of rare variant origins of the middle colic artery arising from the coeliac axis. Among these sites of origin were the coeliac trunk, the gastrosplenic trunk, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. Four cases were identified on multi-detector computed tomography and one in a cadaver. In all cases, the vessels passed posterior to the body of the pancreas before entering the transverse mesocolon. Knowledge of middle colic artery variations is important to prevent inadvertent injury in digestive surgery, especially in the hepatopancreatic area. Variant origins of the middle colic artery are rare, and their knowledge is crucial to prevent unnecessary iatrogenic injury during abdominal surgery.
Our understanding of how the mammalian somatosensory system detects noxious cold is still limited. While the role of TRPM8 in signaling mild non-noxious coolness is reasonably understood, the molecular identity of channels transducing painful cold stimuli remains unresolved. TRPC5 was originally described to contribute to moderate cold responses of dorsal root ganglia neurons in vitro, but mice lacking TRPC5 exhibited no change in behavioral responses to cold temperature. The question of why a channel endowed with the ability to be activated by cooling contributes to the cold response only under certain conditions is currently being intensively studied. It seems increasingly likely that the physiological detection of cold temperatures involves multiple different channels and mechanisms that modulate the threshold and intensity of perception. In this review, we aim to outline how TRPC5 may contribute to these mechanisms and what molecular features are important for its role as a cold sensor.
- MeSH
- kationtové kanály TRPC * metabolismus MeSH
- kationtové kanály TRPM metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nízká teplota * MeSH
- spinální ganglia metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- vnímání teploty * fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Reconstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts is a staple procedure of HPB surgery. The current standard for most cases is a nonanatomical bilioenteric reconstruction, a satisfactory option for the majority of patients. However, it cannot be used for a small number of selective cases (short bowel syndrome, severe abdominal adhesions), where an anatomical reconstruction with or without an interponate can be used. This review summarizes current knowledge about tissue and material usage for experimental and clinical anatomical bile duct reconstruction in the last 100 years. A Pubmed database was searched for published articles about anatomical extrahepatic bile duct reconstruction in experimental and clinical settings ranging from 1920 to 2022. To date, the truly optimal interponate material has not yet been found. However, evidence reveals important properties of such material, most importantly its biodegradability and neovascularization in the recipient's body. The role of internal bile duct stenting for anatomical reconstruction seems important for the outcome. Anatomical reconstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts is an uncommon but usable technique in unique cases when a nonanatomical reconstruction cannot be done. The optimal properties of interponate material for anatomical bile duct reconstruction have been more clarified, although further research is required.
- MeSH
- chirurgie žlučových cest metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie * metody MeSH
- žlučové cesty extrahepatické * chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Histological terminology of the female genital organs is currently a part of the internationally accepted nomenclature Terminologia Histologica (TH), the latest edition of which dates back to 2008. Many new discoveries have been documented within 16 years since then, and many discrepancies have been found. This paper aims to revise the terminology from clinical and educational perspectives comprehensively. The authors thoroughly searched the current edition of "Terminologia Histologica: International Terms for Human Cytology and Histology," focusing on missing and controversial terms in the chapter Female genital system. The authors identified six controversial and ambiguous terms and four missing important histological terms. The authors also discussed the addition of less used eponymic terms in the histological description of female genital organs like Hamperl cells, Popescu cells, Kroemer lacunae, Balbiani bodies, Call-Exner bodies, membrane of Slavianski, nabothian cysts, or anogenital sweat glands of van der Putte. We expect the second and revised edition of the TH to be published soon and hope that the Federative International Program on Anatomical Terminology will approve and incorporate all these propositions and suggestions. We also strongly recommend using the official internationally accepted Latin and English histological nomenclature-the TH, either in oral or written form, both in theoretical and clinical medicine.
- MeSH
- anatomie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- terminologie jako téma * MeSH
- ženské pohlavní orgány * anatomie a histologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
