Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) may be a rare cause of granulomatous pneumonia in horses. The mortality of IPA is almost 100%; direct diagnostic tools in horses are needed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum samples were collected from 18 horses, including individuals suffering from IPA (n = 1), equine asthma (EA, n = 12), and 5 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected from another 6 healthy controls. Samples of BALF (n = 18) were analyzed for Aspergillus spp. DNA, fungal galactomannan (GM), ferricrocin (Fc), triacetylfusarinin C (TafC), and gliotoxin (Gtx). Analysis of 24 serum samples for (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) and GM was performed. Median serum BDG levels were 131 pg/mL in controls and 1142 pg/mL in IPA. Similar trends were observed in BALF samples for GM (Area under the Curve (AUC) = 0.941) and DNA (AUC = 0.941). The fungal secondary metabolite Gtx was detected in IPA BALF and lung tissue samples (86 ng/mL and 2.17 ng/mg, AUC = 1).

California Institute for Medical Research San Jose CA 95128 USA

Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Science Palacký University 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Bacteriology and Mycology Public Health Institute in Ostrava 702 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Biology and Ecology Faculty of Science University of Ostrava 710 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava 703 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Molecular Biology Public Health Institute in Ostrava 702 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Pathology and Parasitology University of Veterinary Sciences Brno 612 42 Brno Czech Republic

Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 95128 USA

Equine Clinic University of Veterinary Sciences 612 42 Brno Czech Republic

Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

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$a Diagnosis of Aspergillosis in Horses / $c R. Dobiáš, P. Jahn, K. Tóthová, O. Dobešová, D. Višňovská, R. Patil, A. Škríba, P. Jaworská, M. Škorič, L. Podojil, M. Kantorová, J. Mrázek, E. Krejčí, DA. Stevens, V. Havlíček

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$a Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) may be a rare cause of granulomatous pneumonia in horses. The mortality of IPA is almost 100%; direct diagnostic tools in horses are needed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum samples were collected from 18 horses, including individuals suffering from IPA (n = 1), equine asthma (EA, n = 12), and 5 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected from another 6 healthy controls. Samples of BALF (n = 18) were analyzed for Aspergillus spp. DNA, fungal galactomannan (GM), ferricrocin (Fc), triacetylfusarinin C (TafC), and gliotoxin (Gtx). Analysis of 24 serum samples for (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) and GM was performed. Median serum BDG levels were 131 pg/mL in controls and 1142 pg/mL in IPA. Similar trends were observed in BALF samples for GM (Area under the Curve (AUC) = 0.941) and DNA (AUC = 0.941). The fungal secondary metabolite Gtx was detected in IPA BALF and lung tissue samples (86 ng/mL and 2.17 ng/mg, AUC = 1).

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