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Centrosomal microtubule nucleation regulates radial migration of projection neurons independently of polarization in the developing brain

S. Vinopal, S. Dupraz, E. Alfadil, T. Pietralla, S. Bendre, M. Stiess, S. Falk, G. Camargo Ortega, N. Maghelli, IM. Tolić, J. Smejkal, M. Götz, F. Bradke

. 2023 ; 111 (8) : 1241-1263.e16. [pub] 20230215

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc23011752

Cortical projection neurons polarize and form an axon while migrating radially. Even though these dynamic processes are closely interwoven, they are regulated separately-the neurons terminate their migration when reaching their destination, the cortical plate, but continue to grow their axons. Here, we show that in rodents, the centrosome distinguishes these processes. Newly developed molecular tools modulating centrosomal microtubule nucleation combined with in vivo imaging uncovered that dysregulation of centrosomal microtubule nucleation abrogated radial migration without affecting axon formation. Tightly regulated centrosomal microtubule nucleation was required for periodic formation of the cytoplasmic dilation at the leading process, which is essential for radial migration. The microtubule nucleating factor γ-tubulin decreased at neuronal centrosomes during the migratory phase. As distinct microtubule networks drive neuronal polarization and radial migration, this provides insight into how neuronal migratory defects occur without largely affecting axonal tracts in human developmental cortical dysgeneses, caused by mutations in γ-tubulin.

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$a Vinopal, Stanislav $u Laboratory of Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
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$a Cortical projection neurons polarize and form an axon while migrating radially. Even though these dynamic processes are closely interwoven, they are regulated separately-the neurons terminate their migration when reaching their destination, the cortical plate, but continue to grow their axons. Here, we show that in rodents, the centrosome distinguishes these processes. Newly developed molecular tools modulating centrosomal microtubule nucleation combined with in vivo imaging uncovered that dysregulation of centrosomal microtubule nucleation abrogated radial migration without affecting axon formation. Tightly regulated centrosomal microtubule nucleation was required for periodic formation of the cytoplasmic dilation at the leading process, which is essential for radial migration. The microtubule nucleating factor γ-tubulin decreased at neuronal centrosomes during the migratory phase. As distinct microtubule networks drive neuronal polarization and radial migration, this provides insight into how neuronal migratory defects occur without largely affecting axonal tracts in human developmental cortical dysgeneses, caused by mutations in γ-tubulin.
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$a Dupraz, Sebastian $u Laboratory of Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
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$a Alfadil, Eissa $u Laboratory of Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
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$a Pietralla, Thorben $u Laboratory of Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Brain and Behavior, Bonn, Germany
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$a Bendre, Shweta $u Laboratory of Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
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$a Falk, Sven $u Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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$a Camargo Ortega, Germán $u Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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$a Maghelli, Nicola $u Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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$a Tolić, Iva M $u Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany; Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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$a Smejkal, Jiří $u Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
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