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Primary bile acid shapes peripheral immunity in inflammatory bowel disease-associated primary sclerosing cholangitis

AA. Santos, D. Pires, V. Marques, N. Alesina, E. Herraez, P. Roudnický, PM. Rodrigues, A. Godinho-Santos, AC. Bravo, C. Gouveia, S. Saraiva, L. Correia, R. Crespo, JP. da Silva, M. Cravo, D. Potesil, Z. Zdráhal, JM. Banales, JJG. Marin, J....

. 2025 ; 138 (12) : 703-716. [pub] 20250626

Language English Country England, Great Britain

Document type Journal Article

Grant support
CEECIND/04663/2017 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
GEDII Project Award 2019 Grupo de Estudos da Doença Intestinal Inflamatória
Daniel Alagille Award 2019 European Association for the Study of the Liver
PID 23709 CEITEC Proteomic Core Facility, a part of Czech Infrastructure for Integrative Structural Biology (CIISB), Instruct-CZ Centre of Instruct-ERIC EU consortium funded by Instruct-ERIC
LM2023042 and e-INFRA CZ (ID:90254) Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports CR
PI21/00922 - PI18/01075 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
CPII19/00008 Miguel Servet plus Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional" (FEDER)
PI22/00526 Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund, "Investing in your future"
SA113P23 Junta de Castilla Control Leon
PID2022-140210OB-I00 AECC Scientific Foundation (2023/2027). Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease often associated with underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigates how PSC predisposes individuals to altered inflammatory immune responses compared with IBD alone. A case-control study was conducted with a cohort of 75 patients, including 16 with PSC (14 with concomitant IBD), 39 with IBD alone, and 20 controls. Serum bile acid profile, proteomic analysis, and immune-related gene expression in the colon tissue were examined. Colonic tissue from PSC patients exhibited up-regulation of immune regulation and inflammatory signaling mRNA markers, including LGR5, IL-8, CCL2, COX2, TWIST1, and SNAIL. Additionally, PSC patients displayed a distinct proinflammatory serum proteomic signature and moderate elevation of some bile acids, such as glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA). Co-incubation of human-derived monocytes with GCDCA partially replicated the inflammatory profile observed in PSC. These findings suggest that circulating bile acids modulate the peripheral immune system proinflammatory response, contributing to the unique PSC phenotype.

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