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Unique Patterns of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Preterm Infants During Adaptation to Extra-Uterine Life

CA. Murphy, D. O'Reilly, L. Weiss, S. Madden, H. Macleod, AL. Chevillier, E. Neary, J. O'Loughlin, A. El-Khuffash, B. Kevane, F. NíAinle, J. Zivny, N. McCallion, PB. Maguire

. 2025 ; 14 (4) : e70064. [pub] -

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Observational Study

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc25016214

Grant support
20/COV/0157 Higher Education Authority: COVID-19 Costed Extension
LX22NPO5104 National Institute for Research of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases
Wellcome Trust - United Kingdom
Scientific Research Exchange Grant (9393) European Molecular Biology Organization
Clinical Research Fellowship (D/19/7) National Children's Research Centre
NU20-07-00109 Czech Health Research Council Agency (AZV), Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic

There is growing interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in neonatal pathology. This study aimed to characterise circulating EVs following preterm birth. This single-centre prospective observational study included cord and postnatal plasma from preterm (n = 101) and full-term infants (n = 66). EVs were analysed using nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, proteomics and procoagulant activity assay. We found changes in the concentration, size, cellular origin and proteomic content of circulating EVs in preterm infants during perinatal adaptation. To understand if these changes were related to prematurity or normal adaptation to extrauterine life, they were also investigated in term infants. There was a dramatic increase in the concentration of small and large EVs on Day 3 in the preterm group; specific subsets of platelet (CD42b+ and CD62P+), endothelial (VEGFR2) and tissue factor EVs were elevated. Differentially expressed proteins relating to haemostasis, pulmonary physiology and immunity were identified between Day 1 and 3 in preterm infants. These changes have never previously been described in a large cohort of preterm infants and differ from healthy term infants. These findings have major implications for future neonatal EV studies, particularly the timing of sample collection. Further work is required to understand the clinical implications of this unique EV profile following preterm birth.

References provided by Crossref.org

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$a There is growing interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in neonatal pathology. This study aimed to characterise circulating EVs following preterm birth. This single-centre prospective observational study included cord and postnatal plasma from preterm (n = 101) and full-term infants (n = 66). EVs were analysed using nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, proteomics and procoagulant activity assay. We found changes in the concentration, size, cellular origin and proteomic content of circulating EVs in preterm infants during perinatal adaptation. To understand if these changes were related to prematurity or normal adaptation to extrauterine life, they were also investigated in term infants. There was a dramatic increase in the concentration of small and large EVs on Day 3 in the preterm group; specific subsets of platelet (CD42b+ and CD62P+), endothelial (VEGFR2) and tissue factor EVs were elevated. Differentially expressed proteins relating to haemostasis, pulmonary physiology and immunity were identified between Day 1 and 3 in preterm infants. These changes have never previously been described in a large cohort of preterm infants and differ from healthy term infants. These findings have major implications for future neonatal EV studies, particularly the timing of sample collection. Further work is required to understand the clinical implications of this unique EV profile following preterm birth.
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