Scleroplastic surgery is known to encounter the pathogenetical agent when the progressive myopia develops. In the first part, the implemented surgical approaches as well as up-to-date surgical techniques are presented. The experimental part is reserved for the selection of material which is necessary to perform scleroplasties. Both the allogenic and xenogenic grafts have been studied for histocompatibility on 20 rabbits. Following materials were used: 2 types of collagenic sponge, native and deproteinated human sclera, modified dura mater as well as both the native and devitalized sclera from rabbits. The best results were obtained with allogenic sclera, deproteinated xenogenic sclera and collagenic sponge. The application of other materials is discussed.

Department of Ophthalmology Teaching Hospital in Hradec Králové