Phytophthora plurivora and other Phytophthora species are known to be serious pathogens of forest trees. Little is known, however, about the presence of P. plurivora in Polish oak forests and their role in oak decline. The aims of this study were to identify P. plurivora in healthy and declining Quercus robur stands in southern Poland and to demonstrate the relationship between different site factors and the occurrence of P. plurivora. In addition, the virulence of P. plurivora and other Phytophthora species was evaluated through inoculations using 2-year-old oak seedlings. Rhizosphere soil was investigated from 39 oak stands representing different healthy tree statuses. The morphology and DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and the mitochondrial cox1 gene were used for identifications. P. plurivora, an oak fine root pathogen, was isolated from rhizosphere soil samples in 6 out of 39 stands. Additionally, Phytophthora cambivora, Phytophthora polonica and Phytophthora rosacearum-like were also obtained from several stands. The results showed a significant association between the presence of P. plurivora and the health status of oak trees. Similar relationships were also observed for all identified Phytophthora species. In addition, there was evidence for a connection between the presence of all identified Phytophthora species and some site conditions. Phytophthora spp. occurred more frequently in declining stands and in silt loam and sandy loam soils with pH ≥ 3.66. P. plurivora and P. cambivora were the only species capable of killing whole plants, producing extensive necrosis on seedling stems.

Department of Forest Pathology University of Agriculture in Kraków Al 29 Listopada 46 31 425 Kraków Poland

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Mol Ecol Resour. 2011 Nov;11(6):1002-11 PubMed

New Phytol. 2006;171(1):55-67 PubMed

Mol Biol Evol. 2008 Jul;25(7):1253-6 PubMed

Mycologia. 2009 Jan-Feb;101(1):129-35 PubMed

Persoonia. 2009 Jun;22:95-110 PubMed

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006 Aug;261(2):165-74 PubMed

Mycologia. 2003 Mar-Apr;95(2):269-84 PubMed

Bioinformatics. 2003 Aug 12;19(12):1572-4 PubMed

Persoonia. 2011 Jun;26:13-39 PubMed

Mycol Res. 2003 Mar;107(Pt 3):277-90 PubMed

Brief Bioinform. 2008 Jul;9(4):286-98 PubMed

Syst Biol. 2010 May;59(3):307-21 PubMed

Mycol Res. 2008 Oct;112(Pt 10):1195-205 PubMed

Persoonia. 2012 Dec;29:1-10 PubMed

Mol Ecol. 1993 Apr;2(2):113-8 PubMed

Worldwide forest surveys reveal forty-three new species in Phytophthora major Clade 2 with fundamental implications for the evolution and biogeography of the genus and global plant biosecurity

Phytophthora, Nothophytophthora and Halophytophthora diversity in rivers, streams and riparian alder ecosystems of Central Europe