The common pathophysiology underlying the metabolic syndrome, schizophrenia and depression. A review
Language English Country Czech Republic Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
PubMed
25485531
DOI
10.5507/bp.2014.060
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- AFABP, adipokines, adiponectin, depression, leptin, metabolic syndrome, resistin, schizophrenia, sex/gender differences,
- MeSH
- Cytokines physiology MeSH
- Depressive Disorder complications MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Metabolic Syndrome psychology MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- Sex Characteristics MeSH
- Resistin physiology MeSH
- Schizophrenia complications MeSH
- Inflammation physiopathology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Cytokines MeSH
- Resistin MeSH
BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in metabolic alterations in patients with psychiatric disorders due to their increased risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. Inflammation is known to underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and depression as well as MetS. Vulnerability factors for schizophrenia/depression and MetS hence appear to be shared. METHODS AND RESULTS: Based on a Web of Science search, this review examines current evidence for MetS pathophysiology involving dysregulation of adipose tissue signaling - adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokine, both also known to be aberrant in schizophrenia/depression. Further, gender differences in the incidence and course of schizophrenia/depression were reported. The disturbances linked to the MetS are also described. Therefore, this review further maps the gender differences in the psychiatric-metabolic comorbidities. CONCLUSION: There is evidence supporting a pathological predisposition to MetS in both schizophrenia and depression in both humans and animal models. This predisposition is dramatically enhanced by antipsychotic medication. Further, there are gender differences from clinical findings suggesting women with schizophrenia/depression are more vulnerable to MetS development. This has not yet been assessed in animal studies. We suggest further validation of existing schizophrenia and depression animal models for the assessment of metabolic disturbances to provide tools for developing new antipsychotics and antidepressants with "metabolically inert" profile or improving the metabolic status in schizophrenic/depressed patients.
Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno
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