A detailed description of the larvae of Baetis (Baetis) cypronyx sp. n., a representative of the Baetis alpinus species-group within the mayfly family Baetidae, is provided, including a differential diagnosis with regard to closely related species of the group, especially Baetis melanonyx (Pictet, 1843) and Baetis baroukianus Thomas & Dia, 1984. The new species is mainly distinguished by mouthparts (i.e. the shape and setation of labrum, maxillary and labial palps, details of paraglossae and mandibular incisors), setation of legs and abdominal terga, and length of paracercus. All available data on the biology of this putative endemic species of Cyprus are summarized. Annotated distributional data of the 33 species of Baetidae so far recorded from the Mediterranean islands are given, including new records and also including first data from Malta.

Institute of Entomology Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences Branišovská 31 CZ 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

State Museum of Natural History National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Teatralna 18 79008 Lviv Ukraine; Institute of Entomology Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences Branišovská 31 CZ 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History Department of Entomology Rosenstein 1 70191 Stuttgart Germany

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